Impact of Kyoto Protocol

1. MEASURES IN THE KYOTO
PROTOCOL
-BY OMAIR SHAIKH

2. CARBON CREDIT
 Introduced by UNFCCC (formed under
KYOTO PROTOCOL)
 DEFINATION:
A permit which allows a country or
organization to produce a certain amount of
carbon emissions and which can be traded if
the full allowance is not used.

4. HOW DOES IT WORK?
 AAU’s (Assigned Amount Units)
 TradingTargets
 Encourages investment in projects which
reduce or prevent emissions
 Damage Control
 Certification- checks and balances

6. Financial obligations
 Developed countries have to pay for and
support the development of climate related
technologies and projects for the benefit of
poorer nations.

7. Clean Development Mechanism
 The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM),
defined in Article 12 of the Protocol
 Implement an emission-reduction project in
developing countries
 Such projects can earn saleable certified
emission reduction (CER) credits
 Example, a rural electrification project using
solar panels or the installation of more
energy-efficient boilers.

9. JOINT IMPLEMENTATION
 Joint implementation" is a program under the Kyoto
Protocol that allows industrialized countries to
meet part of their required cuts in greenhouse-gas
emissions by paying for projects that reduce
emissions in other industrialized countries
 Similar to CDM but projects are taken up in
developed countries
 Track 1 projects are approved and the credits are
issued by host countries themselves
 Track 2 projects are approved by the Joint
Implementation Supervisory Committee (JISC), an
international body

11. CARBON TRADING
 Emissions trading, as set out in Article 17 of
the Kyoto Protocol, allows countries that
have emission units to spare - emissions
permitted them but not "used" - to sell this
excess capacity to countries that are over
their targets.
 Transactions are monitored
 The commitment period reserve

13. Other Sources of credits
 Maintain carbon dioxide sinks
example forests
 Initiatives for developing cleaner
technologies

15. Monitoring
 Registry systems track and record transactions by Parties under the
mechanisms.The UN Climate Change Secretariat, based in Bonn, Germany,
keeps an international transaction log to verify that transactions are
consistent with the rules of the Protocol.
 Reporting is done by Parties by submitting annual emission inventories and
national reports under the Protocol at regular intervals.
 A compliance system ensures that Parties are meeting their commitments
and helps them to meet their commitments if they have problems doing so.
 Adaptation
The Kyoto Protocol, like the Convention, is also designed to assist countries
in adapting to the adverse effects of climate change. It facilitates the
development and deployment of technologies that can help increase
resilience to the impacts of climate change.
 The Adaptation Fund was established to finance adaptation projects and
programs in developing countries that are Parties to the Kyoto Protocol. In
the first commitment period, the Fund was financed mainly with a share of
proceeds from CDM project activities. In Doha, in 2012, it was decided that
for the second commitment period, international emissions trading and
joint implementation would also provide the Adaptation Fund with a 2
percent share of proceeds.

16. Opportunities
 Developing countries- No reduction
commitments and hosting CDM
 Economies inTransition- Investments
through JI
 For Industrials-
1.Technology transfers
2.Co-finance investments by selling carbon
credits
3.Achieve sustainable development

17. Impact

19. India to ratify Kyoto Protocol on climate
change; Cabinet approves the move
By Vishwa Mohan,TNN |
24 JAN 2017 EconomicTimes