Anatomy practical _ BDS level 4 _ facial clefts _ tongue

1. Facial clefts
• May be unilateral or bilateral , May involve:
 Lips only: Cleft lip
 Palate only: Cleft palate
 Lip & palate: Cleft lip & palate
 Region of nasolacrimal groove: Facial clefts
 May be:
 Anterior/posterior to incisive foramen
 Unilateral/bilateral
 Isolated/associated with cleft lips
Median cleft lip:
results from failure of the medial nasal
prominences to merge and form the
intermaxillary segments
Unilateral cleft lip:
result from failure of the maxillary
prominence to merge with the medial nasal
prominence on the affected side.
Bilateral cleft lip:
results due to failure of maxillary
prominences to meet and unite with the
medial nasal prominences on both sides.
Oblique facial cleft: results from failure of the
maxillary prominence to fuse with the
lateral nasal prominence.
Cleft palate leaves the nasal and oral cavities
connected & results in nursing problem for the
new born.

2. Cyclops & Proboscis
By: Olla BaEissa

3. The Tongue
By: Olla BaEissa
Tongue muscles Consist of: Function:
Intrinsic Muscles Longitudinal fibers
Transverse fibers
Vertical fibers
Alter the shape of the
tongue
Extrinsic Muscles Palatoglossus Elevation
Genioglossus Protrusion, Depression
Hyoglossus Depression, Retraction
Styloglossus Retraction, Elevation
Nerve Supply
Sensory Nerve Supply Motor Nerve Supply Lymphatic Drainage
Anterior ⅔:
General sensations:
Lingual nerve
Special sensations :
chorda tympani
Intrinsic muscles:
Hypoglossal nerve
Tip:
Submental nodes
bilaterally & then deep
cervical nodes
Posterior ⅓:
General & special
sensations:
glossopharyngeal nerve
Extrinsic muscles:
All supplied by the
hypoglossal nerve, except
the palatoglossus
The palatoglossus
supplied by the
pharyngeal plexus
Anterior two third:
Submandibular
unilaterally & then deep
cervical nodes
Base:
General & special
sensations: internal
laryngeal nerve
Posterior third:
Deep cervical nodes
(jugulodigastric mainly)
Blood Supply
Arteries: Veins:
Lingual artery
Tonsillar branch of facial artery
Ascending pharyngeal artery
Lingual vein, ultimately drains into the
internal jugular vein