4. LESSON OUTCOME
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:.
Define the terms ecosystem, biotic and abiotic factors.
Give examples of the biotic and abiotic factors.
Explain the relationships between the biotic and abiotic
factors.
Construct your own ecosystem of biotic and non biotic
factors.
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5. o An ecosystem is a unit nature in which living
and non living things interact with each other.
o An ecosystem provides all the requirements
that living organisms in the area need to
survive, such as food, water, air, warmth and
protection.
o Ecosystems vary in sizes from very small, for
instance a puddle of water, to very large such
as the sea or the forest.
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6. Components of the Ecosystem.
oBiotic factors- all the living thing/
organisms found in the ecosystem.
oAbiotic factors- all the non living
things found in the ecosystem.
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Biotic factors in the ecosystem.
o The biotic factors include all the plants, animals and micro organisms in
the ecosystem.
Abiotic factors in the ecosystem.
o The abiotic factors in the ecosystem include light, water, soil, air, and
temperature.
o Other abiotic factors are those relating to the physical features of the
land such as height above the see level and slope of the land.
o These physical features are called physiographic factors.
8. The interaction of biotic and abiotic factors in
ecosystem.
o In the seas, lakes, forests and many other
habitats, there are many different form of life.
o Each supporting each other in order to
survive.
o The living things such as animals and plants
depend on the non living things for survival in
the ecosystem.
o Other living organisms depend on other lining
organisms, e.g. humans eat plant and animals
for survival.
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9. o Non living things such as light from the sun
provides light to the plants for photosynthesis,
and to animals for warmth and other reasons.
o Plants and humans need water for survival.
o All living things in the ecosystem need air,
particularly oxygen to survive.
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10. Class activity
Get into groups of six.
Receive a chart.
Work as a group to make your own ecosystem
using words and simple drawings.
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Study the diagram of an ecosystem.
1. Identify six biotic factors in the ecosystem. (6)
2. Identify four abiotic factors in the ecosystem. (4)
3. Identify and describe two interactions between the
biotic and abiotic components in the ecosystem. (2)
4. Identify and describe two interactions between the
biotic components in the ecosystem.(2)
TOTAL: 14 MARKS.
Spot test
12. Memorandum
1. Snake, deer, Wolf, butterflies, rabbit, mouse,
plants and etc. Name any six.
2. Water, rocks, oxygen in the ecosystem, and
sunlight.
3. The snake live in the water. Sunlight and
oxygen present for all organisms in the
ecosystem.
4. The snake feds on the mouse. The wolf feeds
on the deer, rabbit feeds on the grass and
etc. name any two.
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