A Proposal of Invention an Emergency Signal Transmitter for Coastal Fishermen Using a Micro-Controller Chip.

1. A PROPOSAL OF INVENTION AN
EMERGENCY SIGNAL
TRANSMITTER FOR COASTAL
FISHERMEN USING A
MICROCONTROLLER CHIP.
BY:
TS. SUHAIMI, S & AMIN, H.

2. 1 INTRODUCTION
ACCIDENT CASES INVOLVING COASTAL FISHERMEN ARE FREQUENT DUE TO THE USE
OF VERY BASIC BOATS AND EQUIPMENT. SEARCH AND RESCUE (SAR) OPERATIONS BY THE
AUTHORITIES TAKE A LONG TIME AS WELL AS HIGH COSTS BECAUSE THE SEARCH AREA AT
SEA IS DIFFICULT. THEREFORE, A DEVICE WAS DESIGNED FOR THE USE OF COASTAL
FISHERMEN AS AN EMERGENCY SIGNAL TRANSMITTER. IT IS COMMON KNOWLEDGE THAT
MOST COASTAL FISHERMEN USE VERY MINIMAL COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT, NAMELY
MOBILE PHONES. MOBILE PHONES HAVE A LIMITED COVERAGE AREA AND ARE EASILY
DAMAGED WHEN EXPOSED TO WATER.
THUS, THIS INNOVATIVE DEVICE USES SATELLITES AS A MEDIUM FOR TRANSMITTING
GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) SIGNALS TO DETERMINE THE CURRENT LOCATION WHEN
AN ACCIDENT OCCURS. IN ADDITION, THE TRANSMISSION OF EMERGENCY RADIO SIGNALS
USES ULTRA-HIGH FREQUENCY (UHF), BECAUSE IT CAN BE TRANSMITTED OVER THE RANGE
OF SIGHT. THE LIGHT FOR THE BEACON IS A 12V LED ALONG WITH A RELAY.

3. 2 OBJECTIVES
AMONG THE OBJECTIVES TO BE ACHIEVED ARE:
 TO PRODUCE AN EMERGENCY SIGNAL TRANSMITTER THAT CAN SEND
EMERGENCY SIGNALS, ACCIDENT LOCATION AND BEACON.
 TO CREATE A PROGRAM THAT AUTOMATICALLY CONTROLS ALL THE
FUNCTIONALITY OF THE EMERGENCY SIGNAL TRANSMITTER.
 TO DEVELOP AN EMBEDDED SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY FOR ALL CONTROLS ON THE
EMERGENCY SIGNAL TRANSMITTER.

4. 3 RATIONAL
THE RATIONALE BEHIND THE PRODUCTION OF THIS EMERGENCY SIGNAL
TRANSMITTER IS;
 PRODUCTION COSTS ARE CHEAP,
 ACCIDENT LOCATIONS CAN BE TRACK BY LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE,
 EMERGENCY SIGNAL IS TRANSMITTED BY SATELLITE,
 BEACON CAN BE DETECTED BY THE LIGHT EMITTED, AND
 FACILITATE THE SAR TEAM TO ORGANIZE THE MOVEMENT OF RELIEF
OPERATIONS.

5. 4 PROJECT SCOPE
THE PRODUCT THAT WILL BE PRODUCED IS LIMITED TO SEVERAL FACTORS.
AMONG THOSE FACTORS ARE;
 NOT STATIC IF DROPPED INTO THE SEA,
 BATTERY LIFE DOES NOT LAST LONG, AND
 NEED TO USE SPECIFIC APPLICATIONS AND EQUIPMENT TO LOCATE THE
LOCATION OF THE ACCIDENT.

6. 5 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
METHODOLOGY
IN ORDER TO LAUNCH THE PROCESS OF PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND
PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT, THE RESEARCHER HAS DRAWN UP SEVERAL ACTION
PLANS. THE ACTION PLAN HAS BEEN TRANSLATED INTO AN EASY-TO-
UNDERSTAND CHART. TO FACILITATE THE FLOW OF THE WORK PROCESS, A
PROJECT EXECUTION FLOW CHART HAS BEEN DRAWN UP. MEANWHILE, TO MAKE IT
EASIER FOR RESEARCHERS TO ORGANIZE AND MANAGE TIME, GANTT CHARTS ARE
USED AS A REFERENCE. THESE TWO CHARTS ARE VERY IMPORTANT BECAUSE THEY
WILL GUIDE THE RESEARCHER TO COMPLETE THE PROJECT WITHIN THE
STIPULATED TIME.

7. 5.1 GANTT CHART
THE GANTT CHART WAS CREATED BY AN AMERICAN MECHANICAL
ENGINEER, HENRY L. GANTT, AROUND 1910-1915. IT IS A TYPE OF BAR CHART
THAT DEPICTS A PROJECT SCHEDULE WHERE THERE IS A DEPENDENCY
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACTIVITIES AND THE CURRENT SCHEDULE STATUS
(GANTT, 1910). FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE
EMERGENCY SIGNAL TRANSMITTER PROJECT, IT IS DIVIDED INTO TWO PHASES,
NAMELY FYP PHASE 1 AND FYP PHASE 2. BELOW IS THE OVERALL GANTT CHART
USED TO PRODUCE THE PROJECT.

8. PROJECT GANTT CHART
PHASE 1

9. PROJECT GANTT CHART
PHASE 2

10. 5.2 FLOWCHART
ACCORDING TO GILBRETH & GILBRETH (1921), A FLOW CHART IS A TYPE OF
DIAGRAM THAT REPRESENTS THE FLOW OR WORK PROCESS. A FLOWCHART CAN
ALSO BE DEFINED AS A DIAGRAMMATIC REPRESENTATION OF AN ALGORITHM IN
WHICH A STEP-BY-STEP APPROACH IS USED TO COMPLETE A TASK. THE STEPS OF
EACH WORK ON THE FLOW CHART ARE SHOWN THROUGH VARIOUS BOX
DIAGRAMS AND THE WORK INSTRUCTIONS ARE SHOWN BY CONNECTING EACH
BOX WITH ARROWS. IN SUMMARY, THE FLOW CHART FOR BUILDING AN
EMERGENCY SIGNAL TRANSMITTER PROJECT IS DIVIDED INTO TWO PROCESSES,
NAMELY THE BUILDING PROCESS AND THE PROCESS OF DEVELOPING THE
PROGRAM FOR THE MICROCONTROLLER CHIP.

11. PROJECT FLOWCHART

12. 6. PROJECT CONSTRUCTION
COST BUDGET
No Material/Component Price (RM)
1 Micro controller chip – ATmega 328P RM20.00
2 Electronics Components RM10.00
3 Copper Board RM10.00
4 GSM Module – SIM900A RM30.00
5 GSM Module – NEO 6M RM30.00
6 UHF Wireless Radio Transmitter RM30.00
7 Rechargeable Battery – 12VDC, 1500mAH RM80.00
8 Heavy Duty Plastic Casing RM10.00
9 Other needs/equipment RM50.00
10
11
12
13
14
15
TOTAL RM280.00
ESTIMATING IS AN EFFORT OR
PROCESS TO PREDICT THE COST
VALUE OF A PROJECT BEFORE IT
BEGINS WHERE THE COMPLETE
DESIGN AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION
HAVE NOT BEEN FULLY PREPARED.
REFERENCES FOR DATA AND COST
INFORMATION CAN BE OBTAINED
FROM PAST PROJECT REPORTS.

13. 7. CONCLUSION
OVERALL, THIS DEVICE IS EXPECTED TO BE AFFORDABLE BY COASTAL
FISHERMEN BECAUSE OF ITS LOW COST AND EASE OF OPERATION. IN ADDITION,
SPARE PARTS ARE READILY AVAILABLE, INEXPENSIVE AND EASY TO MAINTAIN. IT IS
HOPED THAT THIS EMERGENCY SIGNAL TRANSMITTER DEVICE WILL BE MADE A
MANDATORY EQUIPMENT FOR ALL COASTAL FISHERMEN BY THE AUTHORITIES SO
THAT THEIR LIVES CAN BE SAVED AS SOON AS POSSIBLE IN THE EVENT OF AN
ACCIDENT.