The following presentation is a part of the level 4 module -- Digital Logic and Signal Principles. This resources is a part of the 2009/2010 Engineering (foundation degree, BEng and HN) courses from University of Wales Newport (course codes H101, H691, H620, HH37 and 001H). This resource is a part of the core modules for the full time 1st year undergraduate programme. The BEng & Foundation Degrees and HNC/D in Engineering are designed to meet the needs of employers by placing the emphasis on the theoretical, practical and vocational aspects of engineering within the workplace and beyond. Engineering is becoming more high profile, and therefore more in demand as a skill set, in today’s high-tech world. This course has been designed to provide you with knowledge, skills and practical experience encountered in everyday engineering environments.

1. Number Bases Digital Logic and Software Applications © University of Wales Newport 2009 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 License .

9. Here is a listing of the first few numbers: Number Bases decimal (base 10) binary (base 2) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 0 1 10 11 100 101 110 111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 10000 0 ones 1 one 1 two and zero ones 1 two and 1 one 1 four, 0 twos, and 0 ones 1 four, 0 twos, and 1 one 1 four, 1 two, and 0 ones 1 four, 1 two, and 1 one 1 eight, 0 fours, 0 twos, and 0 ones 1 eight, 0 fours, 0 twos, and 1 one 1 eight, 0 fours, 1 two, and 0 ones 1 eight, 0 fours, 1 two, and 1 one 1 eight, 1 four, 0 twos, and 0 ones 1 eight, 1 four, 0 twos, and 1 one 1 eight, 1 four, 1 two, and 0 ones 1 eight, 1 four, 1 two, and 1 one 1 sixteen, 0 eights, 0 fours, 0 twos, and 0 ones

12. Quaternary Base 4 Number Bases Quaternary has as its base 4 – this means that we have 4 unique representation for the numbers between 0 and 3 – these being 0, 1, 2 and 3. Above 3 we use a combination of digits and their position to represent the rest of the numbers e.g. 4 is 1 then 0, the 1 being to the left of the 0 meaning that it is scaled by 4. Each time a digit is moved to the left it is scaled by another 4 3 2 1 3x4x4 2x4 1x1 3x4 2 2x4 1 1x4 0

39. This resource was created by the University of Wales Newport and released as an open educational resource through the Open Engineering Resources project of the HE Academy Engineering Subject Centre. The Open Engineering Resources project was funded by HEFCE and part of the JISC/HE Academy UKOER programme. © 2009 University of Wales Newport This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 License . The JISC logo is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivative Works 2.0 UK: England & Wales Licence. All reproductions must comply with the terms of that licence. The HEA logo is owned by the Higher Education Academy Limited may be freely distributed and copied for educational purposes only, provided that appropriate acknowledgement is given to the Higher Education Academy as the copyright holder and original publisher. The name and logo of University of Wales Newport is a trade mark and all rights in it are reserved. The name and logo should not be reproduced without the express authorisation of the University. Number Bases