1. POWER LINE COMMUNICATION
(PLC) WITH ITS APPLICATION OF
MONITORING AND CONTROL OF
DIFFERENT ELECTRICAL DEVICES
AHMAD FAIZAN 12-4470
HASSAN IKRAM 12-4462
WALEED MALIK 12-4520
2. 1. What’s Power line Communication?
2.Why we should use it?
3. How it works?
4. What are the typical challenges?
5.PLC Transceiver Requirements
3. • What’s Power line Communication?
Power Line Communication (PLC) is a
communication technology that enables sending
data over existing power cables.
This means that, with just power cables running
to an electronic device (for example) one can
both power it up and at the same time
control/retrieve data from it in a half-duplex
manner.
4. 2.Why we should use it?
The major benefit of power line networking is that
users can easily establish a network using a home's
existing electrical wiring as the communication
medium.
There is no need to drill holes in walls or ceilings to
route new wiring and, as a result, installation is
quick, easy and relatively inexpensive.
Power line networking is an easily accomplished
networking method for AC-powered devices.
5. 3. How it works?
Typically home-control power-line communication devices operate by
modulating in a carrier wave of between 20 and 100 kHz into the household
wiring at the transmitter.
The carrier is modulated by digital signals , i-e On-Off Keying(OOK). Each
receiver in the system has an address and can be individually commanded by
the signals transmitted over the household wiring and decoded at the receiver.
These devices may be either plugged into regular power outlets, or
permanently wired in place.
7. What are the typical challenges?
1. Harsh medium for data communication
2.Unpredictable and varying characteristics
a. Time
b. Frequency
c. Location
3.Limited and inaccurate theoretical models of power line
environment
4. Technical challenges Like:
a. Signal attenuation
b. Signal distortion
c. Noise
8. 5.PLC Transceiver Requirements
High transmission power capability
Excellent receiving sensitivity
High noise immunity
Error detection and correction features
Medium access mechanism(MAC/PHY)
Adjustable communication frequency
Data rate adapted to application requirements
Low power consumption
Low cost
Editor's Notes
2.Power Line Communication (PLC) is a communication technology that enables sending data over existing power cables. This means that, with just power cables running to an electronic device (for example) one can both power it up and at the same time control/retrieve data from it in a half-duplex manner.
2. Power line communication technology minimizes infrastructure and maintenance costs by communicating over existing power lines. PLC technology avoids the need to create new communication paths through obstacles such as buildings, hills, and basements that block wireless communications.
3.
1980s Home-control PLC devices become available
1990s (X10, LonWorks , UPB) 1997 First International Symposium on PLC (ISPLC) 2001 HomePlug1.0 specification released
HomePlug is the family name for various power line communications specifications under the HomePlug moniker, with each offering unique performance capabilities and coexistence or compatibility with other HomePlug specifications.
A PHY chip or layer converts data between a "clean" clocked digital form which is only suitable for very-short-distance (i.e. inches) communication, and an analogue form which is suitable for longer range transmission. It has no particular clue as to what any of the bits "mean", nor how they should be interpreted or assembled. The MAC chip or layer receives bits from the PHY, detects packet boundaries, assembles bits into packets, and validates them. It also takes packets of data that are loaded into it and converts them to streams of bits which are fed to the PHY. Typically, a MAC will include some logic to delay transmissions until the line is clear,
Main causes: are Impedance of connected loads, Inductive, capacitive or resistive, Multiple phases
,Power transformers, Wire impedance
,Reflection effects
Noise:
Continuous noise
Time-invariant continuous noise (background noise),,Thermal noise caused by internal circuitry
– Time-variant continuous noise,,,,Ex: inverter-driven fluorescent lamps
IMPULSIVE: thyristor , dimmer , SMPS ,switching transients, etc.
