2. Introduction
Our surroundings include plants, animals, water, land, air, sun,
sky, clouds etc. All these affect our life and is our environment.
All that surrounds and affects the life of an organism is called
its environment.
4. Biotic Environment
Biotic is defined as anything relating to living
organisms. It is often used to explain influencing
factors or conditions in the environment of a
living organism, that are caused by another
living organism or biological entity.
6. Plants (Producers or Autotrophs)
All green plants have the
coloring matter, called
chlorophyll.The chlorophyll
absorbs energy from the
sunlight. This energy is used to
prepare food, the process by
which green plants make their
own food is called
photosynthesis.
(auto=self; troph = food)
7. Animals (Consumers or Heterotrophs)
Animals cannot prepare their
own food. They have to
depend on plants for their
food.
(hetero= other; troph= food)
10. Omnivores
The animals which feed on both producers as well as
consumers, they are called Omnivores.
Examples:-
11. Decomposers
The organisms which derive food from
other dead and decaying plants or
animals are called De composers.
They break down the dead and decaying
bodies into minerals. The minerals get
mixed up with the soil and are then used
by plants this is called Recycling of
Minerals.
12. Micro Organisms
The microscopic organisms which
cannot be seen with our naked eyes
are called Micro Organisms.
Tgey also help in decomposition.
13. Scavengers
The organisms which consumes dead
bodies of animals are called scavengers.
They also help in keeping the
environment clean.
15. Non Biodegradable Materials
The materials which cannot be
broken down into simpler forms by
micro organisms are called Non
Biodegradable Materials.
16. Compost
The biodegradable wastes is then
acted upon by the micro organisms
and gets converted into useful
compost.
The compost can be used for better
growth of plant.
17. Vermicomposting
The process, of forming compost with
the help of various worms usually
redworms, whiteworns and other
earthworms is called Vermicomposting.
It is an excellent, nutrient rich organic
fertiliser and soil conditioner.
18. Abiotic Environment
Abiotic is defined as anything relating to non
living organisms. It affects the growth,
maintenance and reproduction of living
components, and can interact each other.
20. Water
Water is essential for the survival
and growth of all living organisms.
It is needed, and used, for drinking,
bathing, cooking, etc.
Animals and plants cannot survive
without water.
21. Rain Water Harvesting
Rain water harvesting is a way to
collect rain water when it rains.
Rain water can be stored, above the
ground, or underground
22. Air
Air is needed by all living organisms to
respirate for their survival.
Air is a mixture of several gases.
Oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide
are important gases present in air.
23. Light
Natural light is provided to us by the sun in
the day and by the moon at the night.
The moon only reflects the sun’s light
Sun is the ultimate source of light
Light helps in the growth of plants.
Life on earth can not stay without light.
24. Temperature
The temperature at a place is indicative
of the degree if hotness or coldness of
that place.
The device which is used to measure
temperature is called a thermometer.
The degree of hotness varies from
place to place.
25. Soil
Soil is another very important factor of
our environmen.
Most of plants cannot grow without soil.
Soil provides water and mineral to the
plant.
It provide home to organisms living in soil.
26. Food Chain
A series of organisms in which
each creature eats the one
below it in the series and
becomes a source of food for
the organisms above it is called
a Food Chain.
27. Mineral Cycle
The mineral cycle is a
biogeochemical and ecological
process that regulate the flow,
distribution, and migration of
minerals nutrients across the
Earth's surface is called a
Mineral Cycle.
