This lecture covers topics in artificial intelligence, ubiquitous computing, and next-generation networking. It defines artificial intelligence and its applications, including natural language processing, machine learning, computer vision, robotics, and expert systems. It also discusses ubiquitous computing technologies like personal area networks, wireless sensor networks, and RFID tags. Finally, it examines next-generation networking concepts such as IP convergence, grid computing, and cloud computing. The learning objectives are to define artificial intelligence, identify ubiquitous computing, demonstrate expert systems, and manage cloud computing storage.

1. Lecture

2. 1. Artificial Intelligence
2. Ubiquitous (Pervasive) Computing
o Personal area networks
o Wireless sensor networks
o RFIDs
3. Next-generation Networking (NGNs)
o IP Convergence
o Grid/ Cloud computing
4. Conclusions
Today’s lecture outline

3. After completing this lecture , students
should be able to:
1. Define what is Artificial Intelligence
2. Identify Ubiquitous (Pervasive)
Computing
3. Demonstrate the expert system.
4. Managing cloud computing storage.
Learning Objectives

4. 1
Artificial
Intelligence
AI is the study of how to
make computers do things at
which, at the moment, people
are better.

5. • Natural Language Processing
– make a computer understand English
• Machine Learning
– change behavior based on experience
– recognize patterns
• Perception of a visual scene
– be able to pick out people, objects, etc.
• Robotics
– navigation, accomplishing tasks, etc.
Applications of AI

6. IBM Deep Blue defeats Kasparov
Let’s watch
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KF6sLCeBj0s

7. What qualifies as AI?---Turing Test
How it works?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4VROUIAF2Do

8. What qualifies as AI?
Google AI passes Turing Test???
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GZ5Oryle4yA
Example :
1. Booking system
2. Online Appointment Booking
3. Customer Services
3. Technical support team ( Chatbot)
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the ability of a
computer or a robot controlled by a
computer to do tasks that are usually done
by humans because they require human
intelligence and discernment.

9. Reverse Turing test---CAPTCHAs

10. Reverse Turing test---CAPTCHAs
Why do we need
CAPTCHAs?
Discussion :

11. Virtual Chat bots

12. Expert Systems

13. Natural Languages Processing
Computers find it hard to process natural
language because of its ambiguity.
Resolved through knowing the context.
A word can have different meanings depending on the
context; this linguistic ambiguity confuses computers.
Whose ??
Computer’s? or
natural language’s?

14. Natural Languages Processing

15. Robotics
Research area in which AI agents are
equipped with sensors to perceive the
world and effectors to change it
An active, artificial agent whose environment is
the physical world.
Three basic parts of a robot:
Sensors Computer Actuators

16. 1. Industrial Robots
– Operates in a stable
and known
environment
– Fixed or limited
mobility
– Relatively simple
control program
Two major types of Robots

17. 2. Mobile Robots
– Operates in the
“real” world
– Mobile!
– Requires a high degree
of autonomy
Two major types of Robots

18. Computer or Machine Vision
Computer emulation of human vision
Inverse of Computer Graphics
Applications:
1. Face recognition (Smart Phone )
2. Image processing (FaceApp)
3. Motion detection, etc. (CCTV)
Images
Computer
vision
World
model
Computer
graphics
World
model Images

19. Ubiquitous
Computing
2
Image courtesy: http://www.timboucher.com

20. Ubiquitous (Pervasive) Computing
Personal Area Network

21. Ubiquitous (Pervasive) Computing
Personal Area Network
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_bUj-xZekf8

22. Ubiquitous (Pervasive) Computing
Wireless Sensor Networks

23. Ubiquitous (Pervasive) Computing
Wireless Mesh Networks

24. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
Ubiquitous (Pervasive) Computing
Image courtesy: http://www.ida.gov.sg/

25. Ubiquitous (Pervasive) Computing
Image courtesy: http://www.rfid-library.com/
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

26. Next-Generation
Networks
3
Image courtesy: http://fusion.demon.net

27. Single converged
IP backbone
Mobile
telephony
Television
Fixed
telephony
Data
Next-generation Networks

28. Cloud Computing
Software as a service (SAAS)

29. Grid Computing

30. Conclusions
1. Artificial Intelligence
2. Ubiquitous (Pervasive) Computing
o Personal area networks
o Wireless sensor networks
o RFIDs
3. Next-generation Networking (NGNs)
o IP Convergence
o Grid/ Cloud computing
4. Conclusions