Integrated Disease Management (IDM) is recommended for managing Tikka disease of groundnut. Tikka disease causes circular leaf spots and is caused by the fungi Cercospora arachidicola and C. personata. IDM involves using cultural, biological, and chemical controls as needed to keep disease incidence below economic thresholds. Key practices include crop rotation, resistant varieties, removing crop residues, neem extracts, and fungicide sprays of Bordeaux mixture, Dimethane M-45, or carbendazim. The goal of IDM is to promote natural farming methods while keeping diseases under control.

1. Integrated Disease Management on
Tikka disease
of Groundnut
Muhammed Ameer
ALB 7108

2. Tikka Disease
It is a leaf spot as many circular spots appear on
the surface of leaf
Causal Organism : Cercospora arachidicola
Cercospora personata
Source of Infection : Conidia of fungus present in
soil or those present in fruit shell.

3. Symptoms
The first visible symptoms appear on leaflets of
lower leaves as dark circular spots which at later
stage, are surrounded by yellow rings.
Mature spots are dark brownish particularly on
upper surface of leaflets, whereas lower surface
spots are lighter in colour.
Sometimes spots coalesce resulting in the
defoliation.

4. What and why IDM?
Plant pathologists embraced IDM ( Integrated
Disease Management ) by applying fundamental
information on loss potential and pathogen biology,
ecology and epidemiology, and applying the basic
concepts of plant disease management.
It involves need based use of pesticide only when
disease incidence reach economic threshold levels
and this will promote the build-up of many
biocontrol agents in the crop ecosystem.

5. Continued…
It is an attempt to promote natural, economic and
sociological farming methods through most
effective combination of farming techniques and
judicious use of chemicals.
IDM program implies all the available disease
management approaches including cultural,
biological and chemical control with the main
objective to keep the disease incidence below
economic threshold level.

6. Epidemiology
• Warm and moist weather conditions encourage
development of epidemics.
• Optimum temperature is 24-28 C with a period of
3 days of high humidity.
• Incubation period is 8-15 days.

7. IDM Practices
CULTURAL
• Early planting, alteration in date of sowing and
use of maturing varieties to escape from disease
attack.
• Crop rotation with non-host crops preferably
cereals.
• Intercropping pearl millet or sorghum with
groundnut (1:3) to reduce disease incidence.
• Growing tolerant / resistant varieties like ICGV
89104, ICGV 91114 (EM), ICGV 920920.

8. MECHANICAL
• Plant disease debris should be burnt to avoid
soil borne inoculum.
• Deep burying of crop residues in the soil
• Removal of volunteer groundnut to reduce
primary source of infection

9. BIOLOGICAL
• Foliar application of aqueous neem leaf extract
(2-5%) or 5% neem seed kernel extract at 2
weeks interval 3 times starting from 4 weeks
after planting is good.

10. CHEMICAL
• Foliage spray with Bordeaux mixture (4:4:50),
Dimethane M-45 (0.2%), Benlate and Bavistin
(0.1%) gives good results.
• Spray Carbendizim 0.1% or Mancozeb 0.2% or
Cholorothalonil (0.2%).

11. Conclusion

12. THANK YOU