The assignment was about the Marine Fisheries Management course of Faculty of fisheries of the university named "Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chittagong, Bangladesh. Here we discussed about the management rules and regulations and how MFTS manages the marine water bodies of Bangladesh.

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A report on
troduction:
A fish market is a place which is used for marketing of fish or fish related
products. It can be dedicated to wholesale trade between fishermen and fish
merchants or to the seller of seafood to individual consumers or to both. Retail
fish market, a type of wert market often sell street food as well. We, the students
of Level-03, Semester-01, of Faculty of Fisheries, Chittagong Veterinary and
Animal Sciences University, Chittagong had a visit on Riaz-Uddin Bazar fish
market, Chittagong. We found out the market status by individual and group
interview with the whole seller and retailer fish seller as well as consumer.
Methodology:
In this field work, we discussed individually as well as group wise with the
wholesaler and retailer. So, we can say that, we had a focus group discussion in
this experimental work. We had taken individual interview with at least 14-15
retailer fish seller in this market. We also had a conversation with two wholesaler
businessmen. They were friendly with us and co-operated gently. We also
enjoyed their experiences sharing related to the market and their livelihood with
us. We followed our methodology and successfully got our desired data.
Present Status of the market:
Riazuddin Bazar fish market is one of the oldest markets in Chittagong. It has
sub-market one is hygienic and another is unhygienic. In hygienic sub market
there was a platform or stage to keep fish. And in unhygienic sub-market fishes
were kept on banana leaves at the floor.
Marine Sources of fish:
In this market, both freshwater and marine water fishes are available all year
around. Marine fishes are brought from fishery ghat which is very close to the
market. And freshwater fishes are brought from different places of Bangladesh
such as Chandpur, Mirshorai, Feni and Kaptai lake. Another significance of this
bazar is for dried fish. There are various types of dried fish which are brought
from Kutubdia, Cox’s Bazar and Sundarban.
Observation of Activities of Marine
Fisheries Office to Know How Fishery
Regulations Are Being Implemented
Submitted To:
Ms. Sumi Akter
Lecturer
Department of Marine Bio-Resources
Science,
Faculty of Fisheries,
Chittagong Veterinary and Animal
Sciences University
Chittagong-4225, Bangladesh
Course Title: Marine Fisheries Management
Course Code: MFM-302
Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University
Submitted By:
Group A
3rd year 2nd semester
Session: 2015-2016
Faculty of Fisheries

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Observation of activities of Marine fisheries office to know how fishery
regulations are being implemented
1. Introduction:
The world's oceans support economic activities on a vast scale, and the need
to rehabilitate and protect their common wealth and productivity has led the
international community to focus intensely on how oceans are used and
governed. A critical component of that equation is sound fisheries governance,
especially in terms of achieving long-term sustainable management of living
marine resources a precondition for maintaining their social and economic
value. Intrinsically linked to this goal is the need to ensure greater
responsibility and accountability by all individuals and private companies
involved in the harvesting, processing and marketing of fish. More broadly,
and also taking account of the potential for endemic corruption in resource-
based industries, sustainable management outcomes (including poverty
reduction and alleviation, improved food security, stronger economic
development and growth, and greater access to public services) depend to a
large extent on concurrent improvements in public governance.
2. Objectives of the study:
a. To know about fisheries regulation
b. To know about some common rules in accordance to marine
fisheries management
c. To know about the licensing system
d. To know how a marine fisheries management office manages the
fisheries resources
3. Marine Fisheries Office: The only one marine fisheries office of
Bangladesh is situated at Cox’s bazar, that is a station of BFRI
4. About BFRI
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI) an autonomous research
organization established in 1984 as a national institution for the planning,

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coordination and conduct of fisheries research in Bangladesh. Though the
Institute was established in 1984, it actually started functioning in 1986 with the
recruitment of manpower and initial development of infrastructure.
The major objectives of the institute are to carry out and coordinate basic and
adaptive research for development and optimum utilization of all living aquatic
resources; to develop low-cost, less labor intensive, environment friendly
improved fish culture and management technologies; to develop technologies for
commercially important aquatic products including shrimps; and to develop
skilled technical manpower through training and demonstration.
The Director General is the head of the Institute. The general direction,
administration, and supervision of the Institute are vested in a Board of
Governors, the Minister, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Government of
Bangladesh being the Chairman.
The headquarters of the Institute is situated at Mymensingh. In addition to
headquarter, there are 5 station and substations of BFRI in Bangladesh.
4.1. Stations and substations
There are total 5 stations and 5 substations under BFRI till date.
4.1.1. Stations
a. Freshwater station, Mymensingh: It was established for research on
freshwater aquaculture. The Freshwater Station (FS) has an area of
about 40 ha, situated near the Bangladesh Agricultural University
campus, Mymensingh. The station has 118 drainable experimental
ponds ranging in size from 0.04 to 0.062 ha and also a well-equipped
modern carp hatchery with a capacity to produce over 300 million fries
annually.
b. Riverine station, Chandpur: It was established for research on
riverine fisheries management. The Riverine Station (RS) has an area
of about 17.2 ha with 36 non-drainable ponds ranging in size from 0.12
to 0.37 ha each. In addition, the station has a hatchery, and a vessel
equipped with research facilities for undertaking riverine surveys and
experimental fishing.

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c. Marine Fisheries Technology Station (MFTS), Cox's bazar: It was
established for
research on marine capture and culture fisheries.
d. Shrimp research station, Bagerhat: It was established for research on
shrimp culture.
e. Brackishwater station, Paikgacha, Khulna: It was established for
research on brackishwater fin fish and shellfish. The Brackishwater
Station (BS) was established in 1987. It has an area of 30.56 ha with 52
experimental ponds of 0.1 to 1.0 ha, and a hatchery for shrimp and other
brackishwater fin-fishes.
4.1.2. Sub-stations
a. Freshwater substation, Jessore: It was established for research on
freshwater aquaculture.
b. Freshwater substation, Syedpur: It was established for research on
freshwater aquaculture.
c. Riverine Substation, Rangamati: It was established for reservoir
fisheries management
d. Riverine Substation, Khepupara, Patuakhali: It was established for
research on riverine fisheries management.
e. Floodplain substation, Santahar, Bogra: It was established for
studies on the floodplain ecosystem.
5. About MFTS
The Marine Fisheries and Technology Station (MFTS) was established at Cox's
Bazar in 1991. Marine Fisheries & Technology Station is conducting research on
marine living resources including harvesting, processing and preservation for its
proper utilization. The physical facilities of MFTS were previously part of
Department of Fisheries (DoF).
5.1. Facilities of MFTS
Laboratories- 5
 Indoor cistern complex

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 Cemented pond complex (42 nos.)
 Museum
 Library
 Guest house
5.2 Research Divisions of MFTS
 Marine Fish Behavior & Fishing Technology
 Mari culture
 Procurement Product Development & Quality Control
 Oceanography & Marine Pollution
 Stock Assessment, Resource Statistics & Dynamics
 Fisheries Socio-economic condition
5.2. Field of Work of MFTS
 Breeding ground conservation and management
 Banning of destructive fishing methods
 Enforcement on research
 Research on alternative fish culture and management
 Developing skilled research manpower through manpower
6. About Fisheries Regulation-
Fisheries law is an emerging and specialized area of law which includes the study
and analysis of different fisheries management approaches, including seafood
safety regulations and aquaculture regulations.
Fisheries legislation on a national level differs greatly between countries.
Fisheries may also be managed on an international level. One the first laws
enacted by the "United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea” of 10
December 1982, which entered into force in 1994. This law set the foundation for
all international agreements related to oceans that followed.
6.1. Importance of fisheries regulations
a. To maintain the target species at or above the levels necessary to
ensure their continued productivity

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b. To minimize the impacts of fishing on the physical environment
and on non-target (bycatch), associated and dependent species
c. To maximize the net incomes of the participating fishers and
d. To maximize employment opportunities for those dependent on the
fishery for their livelihoods
6.2. Some National Fisheries regulations about marine resources:
a. The Protection and Conservation of Fish Act 1950 and Rules
1985: This Act covers all types of aquatic species including fish,
prawn, shrimp, amphibians, tortoises, turtles, crustaceans,
mollusks, echinoderms and frogs at all stages in their life cycle
and all types of water bodies. Under the Rules, installation of
fixed nets, cage, trap, etc. has been prohibited for controlling
harmful and unlawful fishing activities. It has also been made
illegal to dredge and extract sand and gravel, and discharge waste
or any other polluting matter that disturb, alter or destroy natural
habitats of fish in marine reserves.
b. The Fish and Fish Products (Inspection and Quality Control)
Ordinance 1983: The Ordinance gives the Government the
power to set grades, quality, and standard of fish and fish
products for ensuring nutrition security. Penalties for violations
have also been specified.
c. The Fish Hatchery Act 2010 and Rules 2011: Under this Act,
it is proposed to mitigate the inbreeding and crossbreeding
problems in many hatcheries. It will also encourage the hatchery
and nursery owners in producing quality fish seeds. Under this
rule, the hatchery owner is to declare best health management and
pollution control in producing fish seed or shrimp PL to give a
certificate of quality fish seed mentioning traceability of brood
fish.
d. The Marine Fisheries Ordinance 1983 and Rules 1983: The
Ordinance was promulgated to make provisions for the

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management, conservation, and development of marine fisheries
of Bangladesh. These rules regulate the issuance and conditions
of fishing licenses for national and foreign fishing vessels,
determining license conditions, allowed fishing gear, mesh size,
etc.
e. National Fisheries Policy (NFP) 1998: The NFP aims at
developing and increasing production of fish resources and create
self-employment to improve the socio-economic condition of the
fishermen. The policy emphasizes the nutritional value of fish in
the improvement of public health and also attaches importance to
maintaining ecological balance and biodiversity.
f. National Shrimp Policy, 2014: Flourish the shrimp industry,
raise employment opportunity, alleviate poverty, export earnings
and meet up the nutritional demand of the people.
g. Territorial Water and Maritime Zone Act, 1974:
Conservation, management & development of marine fisheries
h. Territorial Water and Maritime Zone Rules, 1977:
Conservation of marine fisheries.
6.3. General Provisions Governing Licenses to fishing and fishing
vessels:
6.3.1.Licenses:
 Applications for licenses or for the renewal thereof shall be
made in such form and on payment of such fees as may be
prescribed.
 The amount of fee may be determined in lump sum or
calculated on the basis of size or capacity of the vessel or
vessels, if operating as a team, or on any other basis.

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 No license shall be transferable except with the written
permission of the Director endorsed upon such license.
 Each license shall be valid only with respect to the species of
fish and the type of fishing gear or the method of fishing or
the location specified in the license
 The species, size, sex, age and quantities of fish that may be
caught or taken; the methods by which fish may be caught or
taken shall be specified in the license
6.3.2.Fishing vessels not to interfere with navigation
 No fishing vessel shall be operated so as to interfere with
navigational aids or with shipping in established shipping
routes.
6.3.3.No entry for foreign fishing vessels in Bangladesh fisheries
waters except with license
6.3.4.Entry by unlicensed foreign fishing vessels into Bangladesh
Fisheries waters
 Averting imminent danger where the vessel is in distress,
to the safety of the vessel or of its crew; or rendering
assistance to persons, ships or aircraft in danger or distress
6.3.5.Foreign fishing vessels liable to fine and forfeiture if found in
Bangladesh fisheries waters illegally
 Where any foreign vessel enters the Bangladesh fisheries
waters except in accordance with section 21 or except in
accordance with the terms of a license, the skipper, owner
and charterer, if any, of such vessel shall be guilty of an
offence and shall be liable to rigorous imprisonment for a
term not exceeding three years and to a fine not exceeding
Taka one lakh.
 Any foreign vessel entering Bangladesh fisheries waters
except in accordance with section 21 or except in
accordance with the terms of a license shall be deemed to
be forfeited to the Government.

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6.3.6.Government may declare marine reserves
 To afford special protection to the aquatic flora and fauna
of such areas and to protect and preserve the natural
breeding grounds and habitats of aquatic life, with
particular regard to flora and fauna in danger of extinction
6.4. Powers of Authorized Officers
 An authorized officer may stop, examine, etc, any fishing
vessel
 Authorized officer may enter premises, seize vessels, etc,
without warrant
 Persons arrested without warrant to be taken to police
station
 Power of Stopping vessels
6.5. Some common rules for fishing in Marine environment
The Government may, by notification in the official Gazette, make rules for
carrying out the purposes of this Ordinance.
a) The licensing, regulation and management of any particular marine
fishery;
the determination of the carrying capacity of vessels;
b) Establishing the closed seasons for all areas or species of fish or for
designated areas or species;
the limitations on the amount, size and weight of fish caught and
retained or traded;
determining the minimum mesh sizes;
c) Determining certain prohibited methods of fishing;
d) The nationality and educational qualifications of persons permitted
to be employed or carried in fishing vessels;
e) Providing for the execution of bonds and other forms of security
for the fulfilment of any obligations attaching to a license;
f) Providing for rewards for reporting the presence of unlicensed
foreign fishing vessels operating in the Bangladesh fisheries
waters;

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The rules made under this section may provide that the breach of any of the
provisions thereof shall constitute an offence and may provide for penalties by
way of fine not exceeding Taka fifty thousand.
7. How regulations should be implemented:
7.1. Regulation implementation by Navy:
Roles and Missions of the Bangladesh Navy include:
a) Safeguard/defend the territorial waters of Bangladesh.
b) Protection of the Bangladesh fishing fleet.
c) Patrolling in riverine waters of Bangladesh.
d) Cyclone warning for Ships and craft.
e) Protection of Bangladesh merchant ships in the high seas.
f) Assist the civil administration in maintaining internal security and
peace.
g) Assist the civil administration in the event of natural calamities like
flood, cyclone, tidal waves, earthquake etc whenever called for such
duties.
h) Oceanographic survey.
i) The country's 600-kilometer coastline was patrolled by the tiny
Bangladesh Navy, whose missions were to protect Bangladeshi
fishermen, ward off foreign poachers, and assert sovereignty over
the nation's territorial waters. As part of its policy of nonalignment,
Bangladesh allowed foreign naval vessels to conduct routine port
visits at Chittagong. Bangladesh has not granted naval base rights to
any foreign power.
j) Maritime crime appears to be part of Bangladesh’s social and
political fabric. The type and intensity of these activities vary widely
within this fairly small region, from the pilfering of ship’s supplies
and fittings, such as mooring lines and zinc anodes, to the theft of
fish and nets, and finally to the hijacking of trawlers and the
kidnapping of fishermen for ransom. Attacks on simple fishing boats
in Bangladesh might in time grow to piracies against supertankers,
as happened with piracy off Somalia.
k) Research programs
l) Oil pollution combat

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m)Cooperation with other governmental departments concerning
works carried out in the sea and water reservoirs
n) Emergency checks for illegal fishing and oil pollution.
o) Jhatka operation: Hilsha is our national fish. It provides us necessary
protein. Hilsha below 23 cm in length is called Jatka. Catching Jatka
is illegal according to the law. But fishermen catch Jhatka
indiscriminately thus creating scarcity of Hilsha in peak season.
Bangladesh Navy ships had been operating from 2001 to stop Jhatka
catch in Bhola, Haita, Ramgati, Barisal, Pathaghata and adjacent
area.
7.2. Regulation implementation by Coast guard:
There shall be a head office to be called the Coast Guard Head Office for carrying
out the purposes of this Act.
Functions of the Armed Force (Coast Guard):
a) Protection of the national interests in the maritime zones of
Bangladesh;
b) Prevention of illegal fishing in the maritime area of Bangladesh;
c) Prevention of the illegal entering or leaving of Bangladesh through
the maritime zones of Bangladesh;
d) Enforcement of any warrant or any other order of any court or other
authority in respect of any ship which has entered the territorial
waters of Bangladesh or of any person on board such ship;
e) Detection of activities causing the pollution of the environment in
the maritime zones of Bangladesh and taking measures for their
stoppage;
f) Ensurance of the security of persons working in the maritime zones
of Bangladesh;
g) Prevention of the handing over and smuggling of drugs;
h) Participation in rescue and salvage operations in times of natural
catastrophes and salvage of vessels, human beings and goods met
with an accident;
i) Dissemination of information including warnings by radio or any
other means in times of natural catastrophes;

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j) Rendering assistance to the Navy in times of war;
k) Patrolling in the maritime zones of Bangladesh;
l) Rendering assistance to the appropriate authorities for the ensurance
of the security of the sea ports;
m) Suppression of destructive and terroristic activities occurring in the
maritime zones of Bangladesh, and rendering assistance in this
behalf to other authorities;
n) Performance of other functions directed by the Government.
7.3. Regulation implementation by Community based awareness
Community Based AWARENESS BUILDING
a) A sustained, comprehensive awareness-building campaign and
educational programme should be carried out among all possible
stakeholders in the concerned fisheries to create and build awareness
and educate them on the need, value as well as benefits of fish
sanctuaries or bioreserves, including techniques and methods of
sanctuary operations and management. This activity will reach down
to the school level, including rural youths, employed or unemployed.
In this connection, appropriate revision of school curriculum will be
made, subject to the local situation and requirements.
b) The entire fish marketing chain, from the fisherfolk to the final
consumers, will be addressed along these lines, because educating
fisherfolk alone will not be effective so long as housewives and
consumers are willing to buy and pay for undersized or juvenile fish.
Similarly, the middlepersons who market and distribute such fish
have to be made aware that they should not promote the sale of such
fish. Both the middlepersons and consumers, by their willingness to
buy undersized fish, are giving fisherfolk the incentive to continue
catching undersized fish.
c) A multi-tiered system of sanctuary operation and management
mechanism is needed to encourage a participatory and consultative
community-based management system.
d) As the jatka fishing season lasts from February to May each year, a
ban should be imposed on such fisheries during its run. In the initial

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stage, the ban will cover only jatka fishing. As experience and
lessons are accumulated from the ban on jatka fishing, a ban can be
extended to other commercially important species.
e) Prepare a profile of the selected coastal communities which will
provide information on the present state of exploitation, resource
potentials, socioeconomic conditions, resource use practices,
conflicts among resource users, biophysical environment, fishery
and social infrastructure facilities, etc.
f) Formulate, on the basis of valid scientific information and
stakeholder analysis, management measures aimed at withdrawal of
the ESBN fishery.
g) Establish strategies and plans to identify alternative employment
opportunities for displaced fishermen inside and outside the fishery
sector (e.g. bottom longline and trammel net).
h) Strengthen fishery statistics collection systems, including a review
of the present sampling framework and establishment of a database
i) Conduct biological and socioeconomic studies on the push net
fishery
j) Implement human resource development programmes to strengthen
the Marine Wing of the DOF by arranging training courses,
workshops and study tours to improve national capabilities in
statistics collection and analysis, stock assessment, and formulating
management measures. The existing extension network is to be fully
utilized to disseminate relevant information and knowledge to target
beneficiaries in order to make them aware of management and
environment issues.
8. Recent implementation of regulations of MFTS:

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a) Dissemination of improved aquaculture technologies through
training and demonstration and to extend extension advisory
services to the focal stakeholders.
b) Enhancement of fisheries resources through enacting conservation
and management measures.
c) Assisting the administrative ministry to formulate policies, acts etc.
d) Enforcement of quality control measures and issuance of health
certificates for exportable fish and fish products.
e) Conducting the fisheries resources survey and assessment of stock
to develop fisheries database for proper planning.
f) Facilitating the arrangement for institutional credit for fish and
shrimp farmers, fishers and fish traders and entrepreneurs.
g) Facilitating the alternative income generating activities for rural
poor and unemployed people towards poverty alleviation.
h) Formulation and implementation of development projects /programs
towards sustainable utilization of fisheries resources to ensure food
security.
i) Disseminating the improved aquaculture technologies through e-
Extension service
9. Recent activities of MFTS:
i. Shrimp seed raising and management-During the last few
years, MFTS conducted a number of studies on shrimp seed
raising and bloodstock management. Among the important
findings-
a. Development of low cost feed for Penaeus monodon and
Macrobrachium rosenbergii
b. Growth, survival, feed efficiency of natural and hatchery
produced shrimp
ii. Mass culture of live food organisms-It is still preliminary. the
work needs to be continued to evolve a package of technology
for mass culture production of such food organisms.
a. Simple isolation, propagation and raising of yeast in
molasses solution and harvesting of cells from the media
to feed marine rotifers

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b. Isolation of rotifers by screening method
iii. Mixed culture of giant seabass with tilapia and other species-
Recent results have been encouraging
a. Mixed culture of giant sea bass and tilapia in the ratio of
1:10 has found a suitable combination in raising sea bass
iv. Studies on transportation of live shrimp under the forced
hibernation-This is a Japanese technology. The study doesn’t
seem to have much application in our country.
a. Gravid female shrimp are transported and kept alive for 27
hours with 60% survival without water and oxygen under
the forced hibernation at chilling temperature
v. Development of Artemia culture in Bangladesh-Artemia
cysts, nauplii and adults have been produced under different
salinities in the modified salt street.
10.Conclusion:
Fisheries management poses challenges for all countries, especially those that
are capacity poor as our country Bangladesh. In some countries,
improvements in resource management are proceeding hand-in-hand with
public sector reform and measures to promote better governance. These
outcomes are increasingly being incentive-linked to the provision of
development assistance. However, despite positive developments, there has
been only limited progress in the implementation of management measures in
most of the world.