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Management of emotions in psychology
Management of emotions
Emotion:
Emotion is defined as the feelings we have about things or events. Emotions are not
only subjective, they can be felt and seen. We often use words to express our
emotions. Here are some examples: happy, sad, angry, jealous, excited, scared,
disappointed, etc. You may know what I mean.
Emotional Intelligence:
Also called emotional intelligence (EI), this is how well you manage your own
emotions and those around you. There are different types of EI, including
self-awareness, empathy, social skills, impulse control, motivation, stress
management, and trustworthiness. EI is closely related to personality traits. People
who score high on certain personality traits tend to have higher EI than others. EI is
also associated with success and good performance at work.
Anxiety/Depression:
Anxiety or depression refers to feelings of worry, sadness, loneliness, and
helplessness. Both anxiety and depression share characteristics that make people
feel bad or depressed about themselves. However, these feelings are different. A
person could feel anxious about something they have done wrong or worried about
getting a disease, while someone else would feel depressed because they lost their
job.
Anger:
Anger is feeling deeply hurt or offended by someone or something. Anger comes
out of frustration or disappointment and is generally expressed verbally. Depending
on how much anger a person feels, the expression may be loud and aggressive or
quiet and passive. Sometimes there's nothing anyone can do to stop the anger.
Other times, there is something specific causing the anger. If the anger isn't dealt
with, it will build up and cause problems.
Emotions are physical responses in our body to something we feel:
There are three types of emotional reactions; physiological, subjective, and
behavioral. Physiological is what happens physiologically in the body. Subjective is
how we perceive something emotionally. Behavioral is how we act. These are
examples of how people react to things they feel about them.
Neurotransmitters are chemicals that move messages around the brain. They are
chemical messengers that send signals between nerve cells. They allow us to think
and decide what to do. Examples are dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine.
Dopamine helps you focus, concentrate, and remember. Serotonin is linked to
happiness and calmness. Norepinephrine increases heart rate and blood pressure.
When these neurotransmitters are out of balance, people become anxious,
depressed, and angry.
Anxiety is feeling uneasy or worried about something. Anxious people feel fear and
worry about something bad happening. People who experience anxiety often feel
restless or nervous. Stress causes the adrenal glands to release adrenaline causing
the heartbeat to increase. Adrenaline is a hormone that gives you energy. It tells your
body to prepare for fight or flight situations.
Depression is a mental illness where you have low self-esteem. You may feel sad or
hopeless. Depressed individuals are not motivated or interested in taking care of
themselves. Depression causes the hypothalamus gland to secrete less dopamine,
serotonin, and norepinephrine than normal. Fewer amounts of these
neurotransmitters decrease appetite making you lose weight. If you don't get enough
sleep, it doesn't help either. Lack of sleep makes you tired and irritable.
Anger comes from frustration or disappointment over something. Angry people feel
intense rage toward others or themselves. Anger causes increased levels of cortisol,
epinephrine, and norepinephrine. Cortisol is a stress hormone that can make you
aggressive and cause mood swings. Epinephrine is a hormone that increases heart
rate and blood supply to muscles giving you more energy. Norepinephrine is a
hormone that increases blood flow to the brain and muscle activity. All of these
hormones affect the way people behave.
Fear is a natural emotion that keeps animals alive. It's their instinctual reaction to
protect themselves. In humans, fear causes an overwhelming rush of adrenaline that
can cause sudden cardiac arrest. Panic attacks are when someone experiences a
panic attack, but they can also occur if someone feels scared for no apparent
reason. One example is having a nightmare.
Sadness occurs due to the loss of something valuable. Sorrowful feelings result in
lowered levels of serotonin. Loss of serotonin causes depression since it affects
mood and motivation. This is why major life changes can trigger sadness. Someone
experiencing sadness may isolate themselves from others.
Happiness results from positive events. Feelings of joy, amusement, and
contentment are examples of happiness. Positive emotions are associated with
higher levels of serotonin, dopamine, and oxytocin than negative ones. People who
suffer from depression often find themselves constantly thinking about past
unpleasant events.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT):
Cognitive behavioral therapy is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on how your
thoughts affect your actions. CBT helps people identify their irrational thinking
patterns and teaches them to replace these negative beliefs with rational ones. It is
based on the premise that we learn our way of thinking through experience;
therefore, changing our thought processes affects the way we feel.
Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT):
Interpersonal psychotherapy teaches patients to change maladaptive behaviors and
establish effective interpersonal relationships. IPT assumes that psychological
disorders arise from problems in relationships between people, not in the internal
workings of the mind alone.
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT):
Rational emotive behavior therapy is similar to cognitive behavioral therapy, except
that REBT emphasizes the role of emotion. In general, REBT seeks to help its clients
increase emotional control over their lives by helping them develop the skills
necessary to regulate their feelings.
Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT):
Dialectical behavior therapy is often referred to as DBT. It combines elements of
traditional psychotherapies, including cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness,
acceptance and commitment therapy, and dialectical behavior therapy.
Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT):
Solution-focused brief therapy is a short-term approach to treating mild to moderate
mental health issues. The treatment goal is to resolve the patient's problems by
identifying the problem, developing solutions, and implementing those solutions.
SFBT focuses on solving specific problems and not getting caught up in generalizing
about the client.
Humanistic Psychology (HP):
Humanistic psychology is derived from the work of Carl Rogers who developed a
humanistic theory that was concerned with understanding the individual instead of
focusing on the external world. HP emphasizes the person as an active agent in
his/her life and encourages self-development.
Gestalt Therapy:
Gestalt therapy is a form of psychotherapy that uses the principles of gestalt, a term
coined by Fritz Perls, a German psychologist who worked under Sigmund Freud.
Although gestalt therapy is different from other forms of psychotherapy, it shares
many similarities with psychoanalysis.
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Management of emotions in psychology.pdf

  • 1. Management of emotions in psychology Management of emotions Emotion: Emotion is defined as the feelings we have about things or events. Emotions are not only subjective, they can be felt and seen. We often use words to express our emotions. Here are some examples: happy, sad, angry, jealous, excited, scared, disappointed, etc. You may know what I mean. Emotional Intelligence: Also called emotional intelligence (EI), this is how well you manage your own emotions and those around you. There are different types of EI, including self-awareness, empathy, social skills, impulse control, motivation, stress
  • 2. management, and trustworthiness. EI is closely related to personality traits. People who score high on certain personality traits tend to have higher EI than others. EI is also associated with success and good performance at work. Anxiety/Depression: Anxiety or depression refers to feelings of worry, sadness, loneliness, and helplessness. Both anxiety and depression share characteristics that make people feel bad or depressed about themselves. However, these feelings are different. A person could feel anxious about something they have done wrong or worried about getting a disease, while someone else would feel depressed because they lost their job. Anger: Anger is feeling deeply hurt or offended by someone or something. Anger comes out of frustration or disappointment and is generally expressed verbally. Depending on how much anger a person feels, the expression may be loud and aggressive or quiet and passive. Sometimes there's nothing anyone can do to stop the anger. Other times, there is something specific causing the anger. If the anger isn't dealt with, it will build up and cause problems. Emotions are physical responses in our body to something we feel: There are three types of emotional reactions; physiological, subjective, and behavioral. Physiological is what happens physiologically in the body. Subjective is how we perceive something emotionally. Behavioral is how we act. These are examples of how people react to things they feel about them. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that move messages around the brain. They are chemical messengers that send signals between nerve cells. They allow us to think and decide what to do. Examples are dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine.
  • 3. Dopamine helps you focus, concentrate, and remember. Serotonin is linked to happiness and calmness. Norepinephrine increases heart rate and blood pressure. When these neurotransmitters are out of balance, people become anxious, depressed, and angry. Anxiety is feeling uneasy or worried about something. Anxious people feel fear and worry about something bad happening. People who experience anxiety often feel restless or nervous. Stress causes the adrenal glands to release adrenaline causing the heartbeat to increase. Adrenaline is a hormone that gives you energy. It tells your body to prepare for fight or flight situations. Depression is a mental illness where you have low self-esteem. You may feel sad or hopeless. Depressed individuals are not motivated or interested in taking care of themselves. Depression causes the hypothalamus gland to secrete less dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine than normal. Fewer amounts of these neurotransmitters decrease appetite making you lose weight. If you don't get enough sleep, it doesn't help either. Lack of sleep makes you tired and irritable. Anger comes from frustration or disappointment over something. Angry people feel intense rage toward others or themselves. Anger causes increased levels of cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. Cortisol is a stress hormone that can make you aggressive and cause mood swings. Epinephrine is a hormone that increases heart rate and blood supply to muscles giving you more energy. Norepinephrine is a hormone that increases blood flow to the brain and muscle activity. All of these hormones affect the way people behave. Fear is a natural emotion that keeps animals alive. It's their instinctual reaction to protect themselves. In humans, fear causes an overwhelming rush of adrenaline that can cause sudden cardiac arrest. Panic attacks are when someone experiences a
  • 4. panic attack, but they can also occur if someone feels scared for no apparent reason. One example is having a nightmare. Sadness occurs due to the loss of something valuable. Sorrowful feelings result in lowered levels of serotonin. Loss of serotonin causes depression since it affects mood and motivation. This is why major life changes can trigger sadness. Someone experiencing sadness may isolate themselves from others. Happiness results from positive events. Feelings of joy, amusement, and contentment are examples of happiness. Positive emotions are associated with higher levels of serotonin, dopamine, and oxytocin than negative ones. People who suffer from depression often find themselves constantly thinking about past unpleasant events. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Cognitive behavioral therapy is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on how your thoughts affect your actions. CBT helps people identify their irrational thinking patterns and teaches them to replace these negative beliefs with rational ones. It is based on the premise that we learn our way of thinking through experience; therefore, changing our thought processes affects the way we feel. Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT): Interpersonal psychotherapy teaches patients to change maladaptive behaviors and establish effective interpersonal relationships. IPT assumes that psychological disorders arise from problems in relationships between people, not in the internal workings of the mind alone. Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT):
  • 5. Rational emotive behavior therapy is similar to cognitive behavioral therapy, except that REBT emphasizes the role of emotion. In general, REBT seeks to help its clients increase emotional control over their lives by helping them develop the skills necessary to regulate their feelings. Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT): Dialectical behavior therapy is often referred to as DBT. It combines elements of traditional psychotherapies, including cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness, acceptance and commitment therapy, and dialectical behavior therapy. Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT): Solution-focused brief therapy is a short-term approach to treating mild to moderate mental health issues. The treatment goal is to resolve the patient's problems by identifying the problem, developing solutions, and implementing those solutions. SFBT focuses on solving specific problems and not getting caught up in generalizing about the client. Humanistic Psychology (HP): Humanistic psychology is derived from the work of Carl Rogers who developed a humanistic theory that was concerned with understanding the individual instead of focusing on the external world. HP emphasizes the person as an active agent in his/her life and encourages self-development. Gestalt Therapy: Gestalt therapy is a form of psychotherapy that uses the principles of gestalt, a term coined by Fritz Perls, a German psychologist who worked under Sigmund Freud. Although gestalt therapy is different from other forms of psychotherapy, it shares many similarities with psychoanalysis.