Thermal Power plant Pollution and it controls techniques.

1. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING
AND TECHNOLOGY JAMSHORO
Thermal power plant pollution and
pollution control Techniques
By: Mudeer Ahmed (F16ME33)
Subject Teacher: Engr. Anas Ahmed
Memon

2. THERMAL POWER PLANT POLLUTION
• Thermal power plants are known
for producing a wide range of
pollutants that are released into our
atmosphere
• Most Thermal power plants
operates on fossil fuels to generate
electricity. The product of
combustion of such fuel are Cox,
Nox, Sox, H20 and Ash.
• thermal power plants give out a lot
of gases that are harmful to the
environment

3. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
• Air Pollution
 High particulate matter emission level
due to burning of inferior quality of coal
which lead to generation of large
quantity of fly ash, NOx, SOx, Green
house gases and ultimately acid rain.
• Water pollution
Water pollution is mainly caused due to
effluent(Liquid waste) from power plants,
ash pond, cooling tower and boiler below
down.

4. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
• Land Degradation
Million tons of fly ash is generated by use
coal for energy generation. So disposal of
this huge quantity requires thousand
hectares of land which include agriculture
and etc.
• Noise pollution
High noise level due to release of high-
pressure steam and operation of fans and
motors.

5. Amount contained
• One MJ of heat input produces 0.1 kg of CO2
• Sulphur in Coal ranges for 0.1 % to 3.5% depending on type and rank.
• A 500 MW coal fired power plant burning Coal with around 20 % Ash, collects ash
the tune of Two Million Tons in Five years.

6. ENVIRONMENTAL & HEALTH IMPACTS OF
COAL BASED PLANTS
• Impact on Air, Water, Soil and People:
• Causes respiratory ailments
• Affects historic structures
• Causes climate change
• Affects water quality and thus reduces quantity available for human consumption
• Affects fishing as hot water let into sea kills or causes migration of marine species
• Limits crop cultivation due to increase in alkalinity of soil
• Limits crop cultivation as land available for agriculture reduced
• Affects plant growth
• Affects livelihood for farmers and fishermen
• Increases risk of accidents due to hazardous working conditions

7. POLLUTION CONTROL TECHNIQUES
• Electrostatic Precipitators (Working Principle)

8. CYCLONE SEPARATOR
• A cyclone separator is a separation device that uses the principle of inertia to remove
particulate matter from flue gases

9. FABRIC FILTERS
• Fabric filters (Bag house) are one fairly simple method that can be used to remove dust
from flue gases

10. SCRUBBERS
• Scrubbing, sometimes
referred to as flue gas
desulfurization is the most
effect sulfur-removal
technique that is in
widespread use. Removing
the sulfur oxides is fairly
simple, the flue gases pass
through a spray of water in
a wet scrubber that
contains a variety
of chemical

11. CARBON CAPTURE

12. OTHER POSSIBLE SOLUTION
• To eliminate CO2 is to capture it before leaving to atmosphere.
• Improve the power plant efficiency so that the reduced coal consumption
reduces CO2 per kwhr.
• Switch over from Fossil based energy sources to renewable sources like
wind, solar or hydro power.
• Methods like Selective Catalytic Reactors are used in power plants to meet
the emission regulations.
• Reduce Deforestation and increase Afforestation to absorb the excess CO2
produced.