Blood anatomy and its components

1. Blood

2. Is the liquid that circulates around the body. It carries oxygen
and food to body cells, and takes carbon dioxide and other
waste away.

3. How blood flows?
Once blood travels through the pulmonic valve, it enters
your lungs. This is called pulmonary circulation. From pulmonic
valve, blood travels to the pulmonary artery to tiny capillary
vessels in the lungs. Here, oxygen travels from the tiny air sacs
in the lungs, through the walls of the capillaries, into the
blood. At the same time, carbon dioxide, a waste product of
metabolism, passes from the blood into the air sacs. Once the
blood is purified and oxygenated, it travels back to the left
atrium through the pulmonary veins.

5. How the blood produces the body?
They are produce from the bone marrow, there are two
types of marrow, called red and yellow; both contain blood
vessels and veins that transport nutrients and waste in and out
of bones.

6. 2 kinds of bone marrow
•Yellow
•Red

7. Yellow
Yellow marrow consists primarily of fat cells. It has poor
vascular supply and is composed of hematopoietic tissue
that has become inactive. Yellow marrow is found in
spongy bones and in the shaft of long bones. When blood
supply is extremely low, yellow marrow can be converted
to red marrow in order to produce more blood cells.

8. Red Marrow
Is to produce blood cells. Using hematopoietic stem cells, red
bone marrow produces red blood cells, platelets, and some of
the white blood cells of the body.

9. Blood Components

10. Red blood cells
Also called as “Erythrocytes” are the body’s oxygen
carrier

11. Hemoglobin
-is protein in red blood cells that is made up of four chains. Each of these
chains contains a compound known as heme, which in turn contains iron,
which is what transports oxygen in the bloodstream.

12. Platelets
- tiny blood cell fragments that help your body form clots to stop bleeding also
important cell fragments in your blood that help your body control bleeding.
• A normal platelet count is 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter of blood.
• Risk for bleeding develops if a platelet count falls below 10,000 to 20,000.
• Some people make too many platelets and can have platelet counts from
500,000 to more than 1 million.

13. Plasma
-is the largest component of your blood, making up about 55 percent of its
overall content. When isolated on its own, blood plasma is a light yellow
liquid, similar to the color of straw. Along with water, plasma carries salts and
enzymes.

14. White blood cells
Also called “leukocytes” that defend body against
foreign organism

15. Parts of white blood cells:

16. Monocytes
–a type of immune cell that is made in the bone marrow and travels
through the blood tissues in the body where it becomes a macrophage.

17. Lymphocytes
-a type of white blood cells generated by the immune system to defend
the body against cancerous cells.

18. Basophils
– a type of white blood cells from the bone marrow that play a role in
keeping the immune system functioning correctly.

19. Eosinophils
–a type of immune cell that has granules (small particle) with enzymes
that are release during infections, allergic reactions, and asthma

20. Neutrophils
– a type of white blood cell, a granulocyte that is filled with microscopic
granules, little sacs containing enzymes that digest microorganisms

21. Blood donor
A blood donor is an adult who volunteer to give blood so that it
can used in hospitals.

22. Blood transfusion
is a way of adding blood to your body after an illness or
injury. If your body is missing one or more of the
components that make up healthy blood, a transfusion can
help supply what your body is missing.

23. Blood Compability

25. Blood
Diseases/Conditions

26. Anemia
-is a deficiency of hemoglobin in the blood as in sickle-cell disease inadequate red cell
formation by the bone marrow, as in aplastic anemia and pernicious anemia.

27. Polycythemia
-the concentration of red cells and of hemoglobin in the blood may be abnormally
increased, rather than decrease.

28. Neutropenia
-deficiency of circulating granulocytes, with poor resistance to
infection, may occur in many disease.

29. Leukemia
–a great incase in abnormal leukocytes may occur for unknown reasons,
resulting, in the diseases.

30. Thrombocytopenia
–the number of platelets can severely decrease, with the danger of
bleeding.

31. Thromboembolic disease
– abnormal clotting in the blood vessels, known as thromboembolic disease,
may be cause by an excess of one or more of the plasma clotting factors, or at
times to a deficiency
of one of the fibrinolytic factors.