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African-Literature.pptx
- 1. AFRICAN LITERATURE Subject Teacher: Ms. Mary Grace S. Sepida Arellano University
- 2. Objectives: 1 Learn • Learn the rich cultural heritage and literature of Africa. 2 Appreciate •Appreciate learning the cultural heritage of Africa as an important tool for understanding its literature. 3 Create • Create a short video showing your appreciation of African Literature.
- 3. AFRICA
- 4. In the Beginning • Anthropologists believe that the first modern humans (Homo sapiens) began in the northern regions of the African continent • Cradle of life • High number of archeological finds • Some of oldest fossils • Homo sapiens Roughly 100,000 years ago • African climate is varied in several regions Desert, coastline, tropical rain forest, plains and mountains.
- 5. Africa The Timeline 100,000 years ago •The cradle of life 3000 B.C. •Egypt •300-1600 AD •Golden Age of Africa •-Precolonization •-Colonization •-Post Colonization •1950-present •Modern African Contributions
- 6. ◦ Africa is bigger than China, India, the contiguous U.S. and most of Europe—combined! ◦ Scientific American just published a correctly proportioned image to show how Africa swallows up these nations, with Japan thrown in. ◦ 54 nations (different history, culture, tribes, and traditions)
- 7. Egypt • 3000 B.C.-343 B.C. • First great civilization • Vibrant and strong empire • Written language Hieroglyphics
- 8. The Golden Age of Africa •300-1600 AD •Literature plays a huge role in the creation and success of the empires
- 9. Colonization of Africa • Many countries playing economic role in continent since exploration began • Power of Islam and Christianity both fluctuate throughout Africa • Initial interest Economic not religious • With the end of slave trade, Western world needed to fill financial gap • Religious colonization meant to civilize the natives
- 11. Characteristics of African literature â—¦Slave narratives â—¦ Protests against colonization â—¦ Calls for independence â—¦ African pride â—¦Hope for the future â—¦Dissent
- 13. Types of literature Oral traditions stories passed from generation to generation through word of mouth. Dilemma/enigma tale moral tale that ends with question to allow audience to share judgments Chain/cumulative tale formulaic, each incident is repeated as new incidents are added • The 12 days of Christmas • A single extended joke
- 14. Types of literature Epics long narrative that relates deeds of larger-than-life hero who embodies traits of society. The epic, like the heroic poem, contains historical references such as place- names and events; in the heroic poem these are not greatly developed. Proverb a short, traditional saying that expresses some obvious truth or familiar experience. • Convey accumulated cultural wisdom • Often use literary elements (metaphors, alliteration, parallelism, rhyme)
- 15. Trickster Stories(African Folktale) - Small animal uses its wits to survive encounters with larger creatures. ◦ Examples of animal tricksters include Anansi, a spider in the folklore of the Ashanti people of Ghana; Ijà pá, a tortoise in Yoruba folklore of Nigeria; and Sungura, a hare found in central and East African folklore.
- 17. COLONIALIS M ERA History of Slavery, oppression or suppression, violence and humiliations of their life. X Not for entertainment, X Not for aesthetic delight but such literature disturb the mind , leads to think about Humanity and so many other things. X Not written out compassion but it is written out of Disgustful life which is experienced by writers themselves. Flood of colonialism, capitalism and industrialism lead them towards slave mentality.
- 18. THE AFRICAN WORKS BEST KNOWN IN THE WEST FROM THE PERIODS OF COLONIZATION AND THE SLAVE TRADE ARE PRIMARILY SLAVE NARRATIVES, SUCH AS OLAUDAH EQUIANO'S THE INTERESTING NARRATIVE OF THE LIFE OF OLAUDAH EQUIANO(1789).
- 20. African plays written in English began to emerge. Herbert Isaac Ernest Dhlomo of South Africa published the first English- language African play, The Girl Who Killed to Save: Nongqawuse the Liberator in 1935. In 1962, Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o of Kenya wrote the first East African drama, The Black Hermit, a cautionary tale about "tribalism" (discrimination between African tribes).
- 22. An excerpt from “Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe”. ◦ “And at last the locusts did descend. They settled on every tree and on every blade of grass; they settled on the roofs and covered the bare ground. Mighty tree branches broke away under them, and the whole country became the brown-earth color of the vast, hungry swarm.”
- 23. POST COLONIAL AFRICAN LITERATURE â—¦ Independence in the 1950s and 1960s, â—¦ African literature has grown dramatically in quantity and in recognition â—¦ African writers in this period wrote both in Western languages (notably English, French, and Portuguese) and in traditional African languages such as Hausa. â—¦ Other themes in this period include social problems such as corruption, the economic disparities in newly independent countries, and the rights and roles of women. â—¦ Female writers are today far better represented in published African literature than they were prior to independence.
- 24. â—¦ Sem - 4 , P- 14 , Assignment (khushalidave8.blogspot.com)
- 25. Ali A. Mazrui and others mention Seven conflicts as themes: (clash between…) -Africa's past and present, - tradition and modernity, -indigenous and foreign, -individualism and community, -socialism and capitalism, -development and self-reliance -Africanity and humanity.
- 26. In 1986, Wole Soyinka became the first post-independence African writer to win the Nobel Prize in literature. Previously, Algerian- born Albert Camus had been awarded the prize in 1957. Wole Soyinka receiving the Nobel Prize in 1986 in Sweden. Photo credit: nairaland The Nobel Prize in Literature | Swedish Academy (svenskaakademi
- 27. Contemporary Developments(1950-present) â—¦ There are a lot of literary productions in Africa since the beginning of the current decade (2010), even though readers do not always follow in large numbers. One can also notice the appearance of certain writings that break with the academic style. â—¦ Shortage of literary critics â—¦ Literary events seem to be very fashionable, including literary awards, some of which can be distinguished by their original concepts.
- 28. THE BOY WHO HARNESSED THE WIND: CREATING CURRENTS OF ELECTRICITY AND HOPE IS A 2009 BOOK BY WILLIAM KAMKWAMBA AND BRYAN MEALER.
- 30. Class will be divided into 5 groups. Create a short video showing your appreciation of African Literature by making videos of the synopsis or summary of literary piece using Tiktok app for just 60 seconds. You can use any of the written works of famous writers in Africa with interesting facts about it. Copy and paste the link below for your reference. (74) Olaudah Equiano in 60 seconds - YouTube Category Application of Technology/Quality 30% Uniqueness 10% Content 40% Clarity and Precision 20% Total 100%
- 31. REFERENCES ◦ Five Lessons I Learned From The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind | by Emily Deneen | Medium ◦ African Literature: History & Characteristics - Video & Lesson Transcript | Study.com ◦ (63) The Boy Who Harnessed The Wind | Offical Trailer [HD] | Netflix – YouTube ◦ PPT – African Literature PowerPoint presentation | free to download - id: 72d1de-OWQ3N (powershow.com) ◦ African literature – Wikipedia ◦ summary on the development of african literature | shastine (wordpress.com) ◦ African literature | Infoplease ◦ Video/Throwback: Soyinka, now 86 and his 1986 Nobel Prize - P.M. News (pmnewsnigeria.com) ◦ Sem - 4 , P- 14 , Assignment (khushalidave8.blogspot.com) ◦ th (160×240) (bing.com) ◦ The African Literature (slideshare.net)