chapter on Hershey

1. Hershey , the Chocolate Man

2. Milton Hershey
American manufacturer and
philanthropist who founded the
Hershey Chocolate Corporation
and popularized chocolate candy
throughout much of the world.

3. Early Years:
Entrepreneur Milton Snavely Hershey was the only
child of Veronica "Fanny" Snavely and Henry Hershey.
a farm outside of Derry Church, Pennsylvania—a small
community in the central part of the state.
His first job was with a local printer.
Hershey was an apprentice to the printer
but was soon dismissed.

4. At the age of 14, Hershey’s mother came up with the idea that
he should start working in the candy trade and began
apprenticing with a local confectioner.
Milton moved to Philadelphia
where he set up his first candy
shop. He worked very hard but
the business failed.

5. At Denver, Hershey learnt about quality caramels made with
fresh milk. Learning that fresh milk helps candies stay fresh
and sweet was a turning point at Hershey’s life.
Four years later, Hershey borrowed $150 from his aunt and
set up his own candy shop in the heart of New York city.
However, the candy business failed.
The idea of success never deserted Hershey.

6. His fascination quickly became focused on milk chocolate,
considered a delicacy and largely the domain of the Swiss.
Hershey was determined to find a new formula that would allow
him to mass-produce and mass-distribute milk chocolate candy.
He paid back his creditors and sold the Lancaster Caramel
Company for an astonishing $1 million. In 1894, he began
building a mammoth and modern candy-making facility in
Pennsylvania, setting a new course for Hershey and the candy
industry.

8. The Milton Hershey School is a private philanthropic (pre-K
through 12) boarding school in Hershey, Pennsylvania.
Originally named the Hershey Industrial School, the institution
was founded and funded by chocolate industrialist Milton
Snavely Hershey and his wife, Catherine Sweeney Hershey.
The school was originally established for impoverished,
healthy, male orphans, while today it serves students of various
backgrounds.

10. Hershey's philanthropy continued even when the economy
struggled and he was nearing the end of his life. In the 1930s,
during the Great Depression, Hershey ignited a building mini-
boom in his town in order to keep men working. He ordered the
construction of a large hotel, a community building and new
offices for the Hershey Company.

11. During World War II, Hershey backed the country's military
efforts by supplying forces with chocolate bars called the Ration
D Bar and the better-tasting Tropical Chocolate Bar.
The Ration D Bar had very specific requirements from the army:
It had to weigh 1 or 2 ounces (28 or 57 g); it had to resist melting
at temperatures higher than 90 degrees, and it had to have an
unpleasant-enough flavor to prevent the troops from developing
cravings for them. It is estimated that between 1940 and 1945,
over three billion of the Ration D and Tropical Chocolate Bars
were produced and distributed to soldiers throughout the world.

13. Glossary :
1. commitment : dedication to a cause
2. legacy : something handed over to a successor
3. honour : regard with great respect

14. Synonyms :
1. dismiss : terminate, release
2. local : regional, confined
3. persevere : steadfast, persistence

15. Antonyms :
1. hard : easy, effortless
2. instant : delay, slow
3. scarce : ample, abundant

16. Idiom :
fight-tooth-and-nail : to use every possible
mean to overcome a
difficult opposition
The villagers fought tooth and nail to prevent
the motorway being built through the local
woodlands.

17. Reference to context :
I. ‘This was extremely disheartening for Hershey,………..’
Q1. From where has the above line been taken?
Q2. What was disheartening for Hershey?
Q3. Did Hershey succumb to the circumstances? What did
he decide?

18. II. ‘With research and hard work, he hit upon a
method of making chocolates.’
Q1. Who is ‘he’ referred to in the above line?
Q2. How successful was he after making chocolates
with this method?
Q3. When did he arrive at this method? What did he do
thereafter?

19. Answer the following questions :
Q1. Why did Hershey visit Philadelphia?
Q2. What did Hershey do for his workers and society?
Q3. What inspiration do you get from Hershey’s life?