2. Solid, liquid, and gas are made up of small particles. The
behavior of these particles differ. Study the illustrations
below to know the behavior of these particles.
SOLID LIQUID GAS
3.
4. Particles Solid Liquid Gas
Distance
Solid
particles are
very close to
one another
Particles are
quite far
apart from
each other
Particles are
very far apart
from each
other.
Force
A very strong
force holds
the particles
The force
holding the
liquid particles
is not as strong
as that in solid.
The force
holding the
particles is very
weak.
5. Motion
Motion of these
particles are
limited. Particles
are vibrating but
not spreading
apart
The particles slip a
and slide around
one another and
tend to occupy the
bottom of the
container
The particles move
faster with no
definite direction.
Shape Rigid and compact
The weak force
holding the particles
allows them to flow.
The particles of gas
easily flow.
6. Increasing the temperature speeds up the
motion of the particles. This weakens the
force holding the particles together.
heat
Ice (Solid) Water (Liquid)
7. Increasing the temperature further causes the
water particles to move faster. This allows the
particles to escape into the atmosphere as
water vapor (gas).
heat
Water (Liquid) Water Vapor (Gas)
8. Lowering the temperature slows down the motion of gas particles. This
allows the particles to attract each other.
Water Vapor (Gas) Water (Liquid)
9. Reducing the temperature to freezing point (0°C) further slows down
the motion of the particles. This allows the particles to move closer to
each other and become a solid.
Water (Liquid) Ice (Solid)
