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Embedded
Systems
- I/O Peripherals
- Wireless Communication
- Networks
Mark John Lado, 2023
www.markjohn.cf
About the author
Mark John Lado was born and raised in the Philippines, where he developed an early interest in
technology and education. He attended Colegio de San Antonio de Padua, where he earned his
Bachelor of Science in Information System, and began his career as an Information System Specialist
in the education management industry.
Over the years, Mark has honed his expertise in Object-Oriented Programming (OOP), Teacher
Mentoring, Computer Hardware, Software System Analysis, and Web Development, which has made
him a valuable asset to various educational institutions in the Philippines. His dedication to education
led him to pursue a Master's degree at Northern Negros State College of Science and Technology,
Sagay City, Philippines, where he is currently studying to further his expertise in Information Systems.
Mark's ability to mentor teachers on how to use technology effectively in the classroom has been
recognized by his peers and colleagues, and his diverse skill set and dedication to education make him
a valuable asset to any organization. He has worked with various educational institutions, including
Cebu Technological University, University of the Visayas - Danao Campus, Colegio de San Antonio de
Padua, and Carmen Christian School Inc.
Mark's hardworking and creative nature has earned him a well-deserved reputation as a top-notch
Information System Specialist. He continues to pursue his passion for technology and education,
always striving to stay up-to-date with the latest developments in the field.
Mark John Lado. (2023). Biographies.net. Retrieved March 5, 2023, from https://www.biographies.net/biography/mark-
john-lado/b/e3567789.
All Rights Reserved 2020 - 2023
LADO 3
I/O PERIPHERALS
Microprocessors are commonly used in
conjunction with input/output (I/O)
peripherals, which allow for communication
between the microprocessor and external
devices. These peripherals can include sensors,
actuators, displays, and other devices that are
used to interface with the outside world.
One of the most common I/O peripherals used
with microprocessors is sensors.
Microprocessors can be programmed to
receive and process data from various types of
sensors, such as temperature sensors, pressure
sensors, and proximity sensors. The
microprocessor can then use this data to make
decisions and provide output signals to other
systems.
Another common I/O peripheral used with
microprocessors is actuators. Microprocessors
can be used to control the operation of various
types of actuators, such as motors, valves, and
solenoids. These actuators can be controlled
based on input signals received from sensors or
other external devices, allowing for precise
control of various systems.
Moreover, microprocessors are also used in
conjunction with displays, which can provide
information to the user or display system status
information. Microprocessors can control the
operation of displays, allowing for the display of
text, graphics, and other information in a
variety of formats.
In addition to these applications,
microprocessors can also be used with other
types of I/O peripherals, such as switches,
buttons, and keyboards, which allow for user
input into the system. Microprocessors can be
programmed to receive and process input
signals from these devices, allowing for user
interaction with the system.
In conclusion, microprocessors are commonly
used in conjunction with I/O peripherals, which
allow for communication between the
microprocessor and external devices. These
peripherals can include sensors, actuators,
displays, and other devices that are used to
interface with the outside world.
Microprocessors provide intelligent control
over these peripherals, allowing for precise
control and interaction with various systems.
As technology continues to advance, we can
expect to see even more innovative
applications of microprocessors in I/O
peripheral technology, providing even greater
functionality and efficiency in a wide range of
systems.
Check point 1:
1. What are some examples of I/O
peripherals used with microprocessors?
2. What types of sensors can be used with
microprocessors?
3. What are actuators, and how are they
used with microprocessors?
4. How are displays used with
microprocessors?
5. What is the role of switches, buttons,
and keyboards in I/O peripherals?
LADO 4
Using Sensors
Microprocessors are widely used in various
applications, and one of the most significant
applications of microprocessors is in the field of
sensor technology. Microprocessors are used
to control and process data from sensors,
which are used to measure various parameters
in different environments.
The integration of sensors with
microprocessors has revolutionized many
industries, such as automotive, medical, and
industrial automation. Sensors are used to
detect physical and environmental changes,
such as temperature, pressure, humidity, and
light. These sensors generate analog signals
that need to be processed before they can be
utilized.
Microprocessors are used to process the analog
signals generated by sensors and convert them
into digital signals that can be easily processed
by computers. Microprocessors also provide a
platform for running software algorithms that
can be used to analyze and interpret sensor
data.
For instance, in the automotive industry,
microprocessors are used to control various
sensors such as temperature sensors, pressure
sensors, and speed sensors. These sensors
collect data on the engine's performance, and
microprocessors use this data to optimize the
engine's performance, reducing emissions and
improving fuel efficiency.
In the medical industry, microprocessors are
used in medical devices such as blood glucose
monitors, blood pressure monitors, and pulse
oximeters. These devices use sensors to collect
data on various physiological parameters, and
microprocessors use this data to provide
accurate readings and measurements.
In industrial automation, microprocessors are
used to control sensors that monitor various
parameters such as temperature, pressure, and
humidity in manufacturing processes. These
sensors generate data that is processed by
microprocessors, and the data is used to
control and optimize the manufacturing
processes.
In conclusion, microprocessors and sensors
have transformed many industries by providing
accurate and reliable data on various
parameters. The integration of sensors with
microprocessors has enabled the development
of intelligent systems that can analyze and
interpret data, optimizing performance,
improving efficiency, and reducing costs. The
future of microprocessors and sensors is
promising, and it is expected that they will
continue to play a significant role in various
industries.
Check point 2:
1. What is one of the most significant
applications of microprocessors?
2. What do sensors detect?
3. What do microprocessors do with the
analog signals generated by sensors?
4. What is an example of how
microprocessors are used in the
automotive industry?
5. What is the role of microprocessors in
industrial automation?
LADO 5
Controlling Motors
Microprocessors play a critical role in
controlling motors in various applications,
ranging from industrial machinery to consumer
electronics. A microprocessor is a small
computer that can process and store data,
making it ideal for controlling motors. The
microprocessor can receive input from various
sensors and control the motor's speed and
direction of rotation.
One of the most common applications of
microprocessors in controlling motors is in
robotics. In robotics, microprocessors are used
to control the motion of robotic arms, legs, and
other parts. For example, a microprocessor can
be used to control the motion of a robotic arm
in a factory assembly line, allowing it to pick up
and move objects precisely.
Another application of microprocessors in
motor control is in the automotive industry.
Microprocessors are used to control the fuel
injection and ignition systems in cars. They are
also used to control the power windows,
mirrors, and other accessories.
Microprocessors in cars are critical in ensuring
that the engine runs smoothly and that the
car's electrical systems operate efficiently.
In addition to industrial and automotive
applications, microprocessors are also used in
home appliances, such as washing machines,
dryers, and refrigerators. These appliances use
microprocessors to control the motors that
power their various components. For example,
the motor in a washing machine is controlled by
a microprocessor, which regulates the
machine's speed and direction of rotation.
Moreover, microprocessors are also widely
used in the field of aerospace and defense.
They are used to control the motion of aircraft
engines, rockets, and satellites.
Microprocessors in these applications are
critical in ensuring that the systems operate
efficiently and accurately, which is essential for
safety and reliability.
In conclusion, microprocessors play a critical
role in controlling motors in various
applications. Their ability to process and store
data makes them ideal for controlling motors,
allowing for precise and efficient operation. As
technology continues to advance, we can
expect to see even more innovative
applications of microprocessors in motor
control.
Check point 3:
1. What is a microprocessor and why is it
ideal for controlling motors?
2. In what industry is robotics a common
application for microprocessors in
controlling motors?
3. How are microprocessors used in the
automotive industry for motor control?
4. What are some examples of home
appliances that use microprocessors to
control their motors?
5. In what field are microprocessors used
to control the motion of aircraft
engines, rockets, and satellites?
LADO 6
Controlling Remote
Microprocessors are commonly used in the
field of remote control technology. They play a
vital role in transmitting and receiving signals,
which allows for remote control devices to
operate efficiently and accurately. Remote
control devices that use microprocessors are
found in various applications, ranging from
home entertainment systems to industrial
machinery.
One of the most common applications of
microprocessors in remote control technology
is in home entertainment systems.
Microprocessors are used in remote controls
for televisions, audio systems, and other
devices. These microprocessors process the
signals transmitted from the remote control
and send them to the appropriate device,
allowing users to control their home
entertainment systems from a distance.
Another application of microprocessors in
remote control technology is in industrial
machinery. Remote controls are used in many
industrial applications, such as construction
equipment and material handling machinery.
Microprocessors are used in these remote
controls to transmit signals to the machinery,
allowing operators to control the machinery
from a safe distance.
Moreover, microprocessors are also used in
remote control devices for the medical field.
These devices are used to control various
medical equipment, such as surgical robots and
medical scanners. Microprocessors in these
devices allow for precise and accurate control,
which is essential for patient safety and
successful medical procedures.
In addition to these applications,
microprocessors are also used in remote
control technology for the aerospace and
defense industries. Remote control devices are
used to control various systems in aircraft,
satellites, and other aerospace and defense
applications. Microprocessors in these remote
control devices are critical in ensuring that the
systems operate efficiently and accurately,
which is essential for safety and reliability.
In conclusion, microprocessors play a critical
role in remote control technology. They are
used in various applications, ranging from
home entertainment systems to industrial
machinery and medical equipment. As
technology continues to advance, we can
expect to see even more innovative
applications of microprocessors in remote
control technology.
Check point 4:
1. What role do microprocessors play in
remote control technology?
2. What are some common applications of
microprocessors in remote control
technology?
3. How are microprocessors used in
remote controls for home
entertainment systems?
4. What is the importance of
microprocessors in remote control
devices for the medical field?
5. In which industries are microprocessors
used in remote control technology for
aerospace and defense applications?
LADO 7
External Devices
Microprocessors are widely used in external
devices to provide intelligence and control to
various systems. These external devices can
range from sensors to actuators and other
peripheral devices, which work together with
microprocessors to form complex systems that
perform various functions.
One of the most common applications of
microprocessors in external devices is in sensor
systems. Microprocessors are used in sensors
to process and analyze data from various
sources, such as temperature, pressure, and
light. The microprocessor can then use this
information to make decisions and provide
control signals to other systems.
Another application of microprocessors in
external devices is in control systems.
Microprocessors are used in control systems to
provide intelligent control of various devices,
such as motors and valves. These
microprocessors can receive input from various
sensors and provide output signals to control
the device's operation.
Moreover, microprocessors are also used in
external devices such as displays and user
interfaces. Microprocessors in these devices
can process and display information in a variety
of formats, such as text, graphics, and video.
They can also provide user interface controls,
such as buttons, sliders, and touch screens,
which allow users to interact with the system.
In addition to these applications,
microprocessors are also used in external
devices in the field of telecommunications.
Microprocessors are used in modems, routers,
and other networking devices to process data
and provide connectivity to various networks.
These devices are critical in ensuring that
information can be transmitted and received
efficiently and accurately.
In conclusion, microprocessors play a vital role
in external devices, providing intelligence and
control to various systems. They are used in
various applications, ranging from sensors to
displays and telecommunications devices. As
technology continues to advance, we can
expect to see even more innovative
applications of microprocessors in external
devices, enabling even greater functionality
and efficiency in a wide range of systems.
Check point 5:
1. What are some external devices that
use microprocessors?
2. What is the most common application
of microprocessors in sensor systems?
3. What is the function of microprocessors
in control systems?
4. What are some functions of
microprocessors in displays and user
interfaces?
5. What is the importance of
microprocessors in telecommunications
devices?
LADO 8
Creating Display
Microprocessors are often used to create
displays, which are used in a wide range of
applications, such as computers, smartphones,
tablets, and other electronic devices. A
microprocessor can control the display's
brightness, contrast, and color, allowing for
high-quality images and text to be displayed.
One of the most common applications of
microprocessors in displays is in computer
monitors. Microprocessors are used to control
the display's resolution, refresh rate, and other
settings. These microprocessors ensure that
the images and text displayed on the monitor
are clear, accurate, and easy to read.
Another application of microprocessors in
displays is in smartphones and tablets.
Microprocessors are used to control the
display's touch sensitivity and resolution,
allowing for smooth and responsive touch
screen interaction. These microprocessors can
also adjust the display's brightness and contrast
based on ambient lighting conditions, providing
optimal visibility and reducing eye strain.
Moreover, microprocessors are also used in
displays in the automotive industry.
Microprocessors are used to control the
displays in car dashboards, providing
information such as speed, fuel consumption,
and other vital data. These displays are
designed to be easy to read, even in bright
sunlight, and are critical in ensuring that drivers
can operate their vehicles safely and efficiently.
In addition to these applications,
microprocessors are also used in displays for
advertising and marketing purposes. Digital
billboards and other advertising displays use
microprocessors to control the display's
brightness, contrast, and other settings,
ensuring that the advertisement is visible and
attractive to potential customers.
In conclusion, microprocessors play a crucial
role in creating displays, which are used in a
wide range of applications, from computer
monitors to smartphones, automotive
dashboards, and advertising displays.
Microprocessors provide control over the
display's settings, allowing for high-quality
images and text to be displayed, and ensuring
that the display is visible and attractive to
users. As technology continues to advance, we
can expect to see even more innovative
applications of microprocessors in display
technology, providing even greater
functionality and efficiency in a wide range of
systems.
Check point 6:
1. What are some common applications of
microprocessors in displays?
2. What functions can a microprocessor
control in a display?
3. What is the role of microprocessors in
displays for automotive dashboards?
4. What are some advantages of using
microprocessors in displays for
smartphones and tablets?
5. How do microprocessors help in
creating high-quality images and text in
displays?
LADO 9
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Microprocessors play a vital role in wireless
communication technology, enabling devices
to communicate wirelessly with each other
over long distances. Microprocessors provide
the intelligence and control needed to operate
various wireless communication technologies,
such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and cellular networks.
One of the most common applications of
microprocessors in wireless communication is
in Wi-Fi technology. Wi-Fi relies on
microprocessors to manage the
communication between devices and the
network, allowing for the exchange of data and
information wirelessly. Microprocessors
control the flow of data between devices,
ensuring that packets of data are transmitted
and received correctly.
Another application of microprocessors in
wireless communication is in Bluetooth
technology. Bluetooth technology relies on
microprocessors to manage the
communication between devices, enabling
devices to exchange data and information
wirelessly over short distances.
Microprocessors control the frequency
hopping mechanism used in Bluetooth
communication, ensuring that the
communication is reliable and secure.
Moreover, microprocessors are also used in
cellular networks, which provide wireless
communication over long distances. Cellular
networks rely on microprocessors to manage
the communication between devices and the
network, enabling devices to transmit and
receive voice and data signals wirelessly.
Microprocessors provide the intelligence
needed to ensure that the signal is reliable, and
the connection remains stable even when the
device is moving.
In addition to these applications,
microprocessors are also used in various other
wireless communication technologies, such as
satellite communication, RFID, and NFC.
Microprocessors provide the intelligence and
control needed to manage the communication
between devices, enabling them to transmit
and receive signals wirelessly over long
distances.
In conclusion, microprocessors play a vital role
in wireless communication technology,
enabling devices to communicate wirelessly
over long distances. Microprocessors provide
the intelligence and control needed to manage
various wireless communication technologies,
such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and cellular networks.
As technology continues to advance, we can
expect to see even more innovative
applications of microprocessors in wireless
communication technology, providing even
greater functionality and efficiency in a wide
range of systems.
Check point 7:
1. What role do microprocessors play in
wireless communication technology?
2. What is one of the most common
applications of microprocessors in Wi-Fi
technology?
3. What is the role of microprocessors in
Bluetooth technology?
4. How are microprocessors used in
cellular networks?
5. What are some other wireless
communication technologies that use
microprocessors?
LADO 10
Communicating using I2C and SPI
Microprocessors are often used to
communicate with external devices using
various communication protocols, such as
Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) and Serial
Peripheral Interface (SPI). These protocols
allow for fast and efficient communication
between the microprocessor and other
devices, such as sensors, displays, and memory
modules.
I2C is a synchronous serial communication
protocol that allows for the exchange of data
between devices using a two-wire interface. It
is commonly used to connect multiple devices
on a single bus, such as sensors and memory
modules. Microprocessors can use I2C to
communicate with these devices, reading data
from sensors or writing data to memory
modules.
Similarly, SPI is another synchronous serial
communication protocol that allows for the
exchange of data between devices using a four-
wire interface. It is commonly used to connect
devices that require high-speed data transfer,
such as flash memory and displays.
Microprocessors can use SPI to communicate
with these devices, reading and writing data at
high speeds.
In both I2C and SPI communication,
microprocessors act as the master device,
controlling the communication between the
microprocessor and the external devices. The
microprocessor sends commands and data to
the external devices, and then waits for a
response before sending the next command.
One advantage of using I2C and SPI
communication is that they allow multiple
devices to be connected to the same bus,
reducing the number of wires needed to
connect the devices. This can make the system
more compact and easier to manufacture.
Another advantage of using I2C and SPI
communication is that they are relatively
simple protocols, requiring only a few lines of
code to implement in software. This makes
them ideal for use in embedded systems and
other applications where space and power are
limited.
In conclusion, microprocessors can
communicate with external devices using
various communication protocols, such as I2C
and SPI. These protocols allow for fast and
efficient communication between the
microprocessor and other devices, enabling the
microprocessor to read data from sensors,
write data to memory modules, and control
displays and other devices. As technology
continues to advance, we can expect to see
even more innovative applications of
microprocessors in communication technology,
providing even greater functionality and
efficiency in a wide range of systems.
Check point 8:
1. What are some of the communication
protocols microprocessors use to
communicate with external devices?
2. What is the difference between I2C and
SPI communication protocols?
3. What devices can be connected to a
microprocessor using I2C and SPI
communication?
4. What advantage does using I2C and SPI
communication provide in terms of
system design?
LADO 11
5. Why are I2C and SPI communication
protocols ideal for use in embedded
systems and applications with limited
space and power?
Sending and Connecting Wireless
Communication
Microprocessors play a critical role in wireless
communication technology, enabling devices
to communicate wirelessly with each other
over long distances. Microprocessors provide
the intelligence and control needed to operate
various wireless communication technologies,
such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and cellular networks.
To send and connect wireless communication,
microprocessors typically use radio frequency
(RF) technology, which allows them to transmit
and receive signals over the air. RF technology
is used in a variety of wireless communication
technologies, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and
cellular networks.
Wi-Fi technology is perhaps the most well-
known application of microprocessors in
wireless communication. Wi-Fi relies on
microprocessors to manage the
communication between devices and the
network, allowing for the exchange of data and
information wirelessly. Microprocessors
control the flow of data between devices,
ensuring that packets of data are transmitted
and received correctly.
Bluetooth technology is another popular
application of microprocessors in wireless
communication. Bluetooth technology relies on
microprocessors to manage the
communication between devices, enabling
devices to exchange data and information
wirelessly over short distances.
Microprocessors control the frequency
hopping mechanism used in Bluetooth
communication, ensuring that the
communication is reliable and secure.
Cellular networks also rely heavily on
microprocessors to manage wireless
communication over long distances. Cellular
networks use microprocessors to manage the
communication between devices and the
network, enabling devices to transmit and
receive voice and data signals wirelessly.
Microprocessors provide the intelligence
needed to ensure that the signal is reliable, and
the connection remains stable even when the
device is moving.
In addition to these applications,
microprocessors are also used in various other
wireless communication technologies, such as
satellite communication, RFID, and NFC.
Microprocessors provide the intelligence and
control needed to manage the communication
between devices, enabling them to transmit
and receive signals wirelessly over long
distances.
In conclusion, microprocessors play a critical
role in wireless communication technology,
enabling devices to communicate wirelessly
over long distances. Microprocessors provide
the intelligence and control needed to manage
various wireless communication technologies,
such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and cellular networks.
As technology continues to advance, we can
expect to see even more innovative
applications of microprocessors in wireless
communication technology, providing even
greater functionality and efficiency in a wide
range of systems.
LADO 12
Check point 9:
1. What role do microprocessors play in
wireless communication technology?
2. What is RF technology?
3. What is Wi-Fi technology?
4. What is Bluetooth technology?
5. What are some other applications of
microprocessors in wireless
communication technology?
NETWORKS
Microprocessors are a key component of
network technology, providing the processing
power and intelligence needed to manage and
control data communication between devices.
Microprocessors are used in a variety of
network applications, including routers,
switches, and gateways.
Routers are one of the most common network
devices that use microprocessors. Routers are
used to direct network traffic between
different devices, enabling devices to
communicate with each other over a network.
Microprocessors in routers manage the routing
table, which is used to determine the best path
for data packets to travel through the network.
Switches are another network device that uses
microprocessors to manage communication
between devices. Switches are used to connect
devices on a local area network (LAN), allowing
them to communicate with each other directly.
Microprocessors in switches manage the flow
of data between devices, ensuring that packets
of data are transmitted and received correctly.
Gateways are another network device that uses
microprocessors to manage communication
between devices. Gateways are used to
connect different types of networks together,
such as a local area network (LAN) and a wide
area network (WAN). Microprocessors in
gateways manage the communication between
the different types of networks, enabling
devices to communicate with each other across
the different networks.
Microprocessors also play a critical role in
network security. Microprocessors in firewalls
and intrusion detection systems (IDS) are used
to monitor network traffic, identifying and
blocking unauthorized access attempts and
other security threats. Microprocessors in
LADO 13
security appliances are used to enforce security
policies and control access to the network.
In addition to these applications,
microprocessors are also used in various other
network devices, such as load balancers,
network attached storage (NAS), and network
interface cards (NIC). Microprocessors provide
the processing power and intelligence needed
to manage and control data communication
between devices, enabling devices to
communicate with each other reliably and
securely over a network.
In conclusion, microprocessors are a critical
component of network technology, providing
the processing power and intelligence needed
to manage and control data communication
between devices. Microprocessors are used in
a variety of network applications, including
routers, switches, gateways, and security
appliances. As technology continues to
advance, we can expect to see even more
innovative applications of microprocessors in
network technology, providing even greater
functionality and efficiency in a wide range of
systems.
Check point 10:
1. What is the role of microprocessors in
network technology?
2. What are some network devices that
use microprocessors?
3. How do microprocessors in routers
manage network traffic?
4. What is the role of microprocessors in
network security?
5. What are some other network
applications of microprocessors?
LADO 14
Setting, Requesting and Handling Web Servers
through Ethernet and Networking
Microprocessors are widely used in networking
applications, enabling devices to connect to the
internet and communicate with web servers.
Microprocessors are used to set up, request,
and handle web servers through Ethernet and
networking protocols, such as TCP/IP.
To set up a web server, microprocessors are
used to configure the device's network settings,
such as IP address, subnet mask, and gateway.
Microprocessors are also used to set up the
web server software, such as Apache or Nginx,
which enables the device to respond to HTTP
requests from clients.
Once the web server is set up, microprocessors
are used to handle requests from clients, such
as web browsers. Microprocessors receive the
HTTP request from the client, process it, and
return the appropriate response, such as a web
page or data file.
Microprocessors are also used to handle
network communication between the device
and the web server. Microprocessors use
Ethernet and TCP/IP protocols to send and
receive data packets between the device and
the web server, ensuring that the
communication is reliable and secure.
In addition to handling web server requests,
microprocessors are also used to handle other
networking tasks, such as DNS resolution,
network routing, and network security.
Microprocessors can perform these tasks using
a variety of networking protocols, such as UDP
and ICMP.
Overall, microprocessors play a critical role in
setting up, requesting, and handling web
servers through Ethernet and networking
protocols. Microprocessors provide the
processing power and intelligence needed to
manage and control network communication,
enabling devices to connect to the internet and
communicate with web servers reliably and
securely. As technology continues to advance,
we can expect to see even more innovative
applications of microprocessors in networking
technology, providing even greater
functionality and efficiency in a wide range of
systems.
Check point 11:
1. What are microprocessors used for in
networking applications?
2. How are microprocessors used to set up
a web server?
3. What tasks are microprocessors used
for in handling web server requests?
4. How do microprocessors handle
network communication between the
device and the web server?
5. What other networking tasks can
microprocessors handle?
LADO 15
REFERENCES
Microprocessor Using Sensors
Ahmad, M. S., Zaman, S., & Almogren, A.
(2019). An IoT-based real-time health
monitoring system for elderly people using
wireless sensors and microcontrollers.
Electronics, 8(2), 190.
Microprocessor by Controlling Motors
Khandelwal, V., Arora, A., & Jain, M. (2017).
Arduino based intelligent industrial
conveyor belt control and monitoring
system. 2017 International Conference on
Computing, Communication and
Automation (ICCCA), Greater Noida, India.
Microprocessor by Controlling Remote
External Devices
Ghosh, S., & Deb, A. (2018). Design and
implementation of a remote controlled
robotic vehicle using microcontroller. 2018
3rd International Conference on Signal
Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN),
Noida, India.
Microprocessor by Creating Display
Verma, M., & Singh, M. (2016). Automated
weather station using microcontroller.
2016 3rd International Conference on
Computing for Sustainable Global
Development (INDIACom), New Delhi,
India.
Microprocessor in Communicating using
I2C and SPI
Kim, D. H., Kim, H. J., & Kim, S. W. (2017).
An optimized SOC for IoT applications
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Embedded Systems IO Peripherals Wireless Communication.pdf

  • 1. Embedded Systems - I/O Peripherals - Wireless Communication - Networks Mark John Lado, 2023 www.markjohn.cf
  • 2. About the author Mark John Lado was born and raised in the Philippines, where he developed an early interest in technology and education. He attended Colegio de San Antonio de Padua, where he earned his Bachelor of Science in Information System, and began his career as an Information System Specialist in the education management industry. Over the years, Mark has honed his expertise in Object-Oriented Programming (OOP), Teacher Mentoring, Computer Hardware, Software System Analysis, and Web Development, which has made him a valuable asset to various educational institutions in the Philippines. His dedication to education led him to pursue a Master's degree at Northern Negros State College of Science and Technology, Sagay City, Philippines, where he is currently studying to further his expertise in Information Systems. Mark's ability to mentor teachers on how to use technology effectively in the classroom has been recognized by his peers and colleagues, and his diverse skill set and dedication to education make him a valuable asset to any organization. He has worked with various educational institutions, including Cebu Technological University, University of the Visayas - Danao Campus, Colegio de San Antonio de Padua, and Carmen Christian School Inc. Mark's hardworking and creative nature has earned him a well-deserved reputation as a top-notch Information System Specialist. He continues to pursue his passion for technology and education, always striving to stay up-to-date with the latest developments in the field. Mark John Lado. (2023). Biographies.net. Retrieved March 5, 2023, from https://www.biographies.net/biography/mark- john-lado/b/e3567789. All Rights Reserved 2020 - 2023
  • 3. LADO 3 I/O PERIPHERALS Microprocessors are commonly used in conjunction with input/output (I/O) peripherals, which allow for communication between the microprocessor and external devices. These peripherals can include sensors, actuators, displays, and other devices that are used to interface with the outside world. One of the most common I/O peripherals used with microprocessors is sensors. Microprocessors can be programmed to receive and process data from various types of sensors, such as temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and proximity sensors. The microprocessor can then use this data to make decisions and provide output signals to other systems. Another common I/O peripheral used with microprocessors is actuators. Microprocessors can be used to control the operation of various types of actuators, such as motors, valves, and solenoids. These actuators can be controlled based on input signals received from sensors or other external devices, allowing for precise control of various systems. Moreover, microprocessors are also used in conjunction with displays, which can provide information to the user or display system status information. Microprocessors can control the operation of displays, allowing for the display of text, graphics, and other information in a variety of formats. In addition to these applications, microprocessors can also be used with other types of I/O peripherals, such as switches, buttons, and keyboards, which allow for user input into the system. Microprocessors can be programmed to receive and process input signals from these devices, allowing for user interaction with the system. In conclusion, microprocessors are commonly used in conjunction with I/O peripherals, which allow for communication between the microprocessor and external devices. These peripherals can include sensors, actuators, displays, and other devices that are used to interface with the outside world. Microprocessors provide intelligent control over these peripherals, allowing for precise control and interaction with various systems. As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see even more innovative applications of microprocessors in I/O peripheral technology, providing even greater functionality and efficiency in a wide range of systems. Check point 1: 1. What are some examples of I/O peripherals used with microprocessors? 2. What types of sensors can be used with microprocessors? 3. What are actuators, and how are they used with microprocessors? 4. How are displays used with microprocessors? 5. What is the role of switches, buttons, and keyboards in I/O peripherals?
  • 4. LADO 4 Using Sensors Microprocessors are widely used in various applications, and one of the most significant applications of microprocessors is in the field of sensor technology. Microprocessors are used to control and process data from sensors, which are used to measure various parameters in different environments. The integration of sensors with microprocessors has revolutionized many industries, such as automotive, medical, and industrial automation. Sensors are used to detect physical and environmental changes, such as temperature, pressure, humidity, and light. These sensors generate analog signals that need to be processed before they can be utilized. Microprocessors are used to process the analog signals generated by sensors and convert them into digital signals that can be easily processed by computers. Microprocessors also provide a platform for running software algorithms that can be used to analyze and interpret sensor data. For instance, in the automotive industry, microprocessors are used to control various sensors such as temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and speed sensors. These sensors collect data on the engine's performance, and microprocessors use this data to optimize the engine's performance, reducing emissions and improving fuel efficiency. In the medical industry, microprocessors are used in medical devices such as blood glucose monitors, blood pressure monitors, and pulse oximeters. These devices use sensors to collect data on various physiological parameters, and microprocessors use this data to provide accurate readings and measurements. In industrial automation, microprocessors are used to control sensors that monitor various parameters such as temperature, pressure, and humidity in manufacturing processes. These sensors generate data that is processed by microprocessors, and the data is used to control and optimize the manufacturing processes. In conclusion, microprocessors and sensors have transformed many industries by providing accurate and reliable data on various parameters. The integration of sensors with microprocessors has enabled the development of intelligent systems that can analyze and interpret data, optimizing performance, improving efficiency, and reducing costs. The future of microprocessors and sensors is promising, and it is expected that they will continue to play a significant role in various industries. Check point 2: 1. What is one of the most significant applications of microprocessors? 2. What do sensors detect? 3. What do microprocessors do with the analog signals generated by sensors? 4. What is an example of how microprocessors are used in the automotive industry? 5. What is the role of microprocessors in industrial automation?
  • 5. LADO 5 Controlling Motors Microprocessors play a critical role in controlling motors in various applications, ranging from industrial machinery to consumer electronics. A microprocessor is a small computer that can process and store data, making it ideal for controlling motors. The microprocessor can receive input from various sensors and control the motor's speed and direction of rotation. One of the most common applications of microprocessors in controlling motors is in robotics. In robotics, microprocessors are used to control the motion of robotic arms, legs, and other parts. For example, a microprocessor can be used to control the motion of a robotic arm in a factory assembly line, allowing it to pick up and move objects precisely. Another application of microprocessors in motor control is in the automotive industry. Microprocessors are used to control the fuel injection and ignition systems in cars. They are also used to control the power windows, mirrors, and other accessories. Microprocessors in cars are critical in ensuring that the engine runs smoothly and that the car's electrical systems operate efficiently. In addition to industrial and automotive applications, microprocessors are also used in home appliances, such as washing machines, dryers, and refrigerators. These appliances use microprocessors to control the motors that power their various components. For example, the motor in a washing machine is controlled by a microprocessor, which regulates the machine's speed and direction of rotation. Moreover, microprocessors are also widely used in the field of aerospace and defense. They are used to control the motion of aircraft engines, rockets, and satellites. Microprocessors in these applications are critical in ensuring that the systems operate efficiently and accurately, which is essential for safety and reliability. In conclusion, microprocessors play a critical role in controlling motors in various applications. Their ability to process and store data makes them ideal for controlling motors, allowing for precise and efficient operation. As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see even more innovative applications of microprocessors in motor control. Check point 3: 1. What is a microprocessor and why is it ideal for controlling motors? 2. In what industry is robotics a common application for microprocessors in controlling motors? 3. How are microprocessors used in the automotive industry for motor control? 4. What are some examples of home appliances that use microprocessors to control their motors? 5. In what field are microprocessors used to control the motion of aircraft engines, rockets, and satellites?
  • 6. LADO 6 Controlling Remote Microprocessors are commonly used in the field of remote control technology. They play a vital role in transmitting and receiving signals, which allows for remote control devices to operate efficiently and accurately. Remote control devices that use microprocessors are found in various applications, ranging from home entertainment systems to industrial machinery. One of the most common applications of microprocessors in remote control technology is in home entertainment systems. Microprocessors are used in remote controls for televisions, audio systems, and other devices. These microprocessors process the signals transmitted from the remote control and send them to the appropriate device, allowing users to control their home entertainment systems from a distance. Another application of microprocessors in remote control technology is in industrial machinery. Remote controls are used in many industrial applications, such as construction equipment and material handling machinery. Microprocessors are used in these remote controls to transmit signals to the machinery, allowing operators to control the machinery from a safe distance. Moreover, microprocessors are also used in remote control devices for the medical field. These devices are used to control various medical equipment, such as surgical robots and medical scanners. Microprocessors in these devices allow for precise and accurate control, which is essential for patient safety and successful medical procedures. In addition to these applications, microprocessors are also used in remote control technology for the aerospace and defense industries. Remote control devices are used to control various systems in aircraft, satellites, and other aerospace and defense applications. Microprocessors in these remote control devices are critical in ensuring that the systems operate efficiently and accurately, which is essential for safety and reliability. In conclusion, microprocessors play a critical role in remote control technology. They are used in various applications, ranging from home entertainment systems to industrial machinery and medical equipment. As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see even more innovative applications of microprocessors in remote control technology. Check point 4: 1. What role do microprocessors play in remote control technology? 2. What are some common applications of microprocessors in remote control technology? 3. How are microprocessors used in remote controls for home entertainment systems? 4. What is the importance of microprocessors in remote control devices for the medical field? 5. In which industries are microprocessors used in remote control technology for aerospace and defense applications?
  • 7. LADO 7 External Devices Microprocessors are widely used in external devices to provide intelligence and control to various systems. These external devices can range from sensors to actuators and other peripheral devices, which work together with microprocessors to form complex systems that perform various functions. One of the most common applications of microprocessors in external devices is in sensor systems. Microprocessors are used in sensors to process and analyze data from various sources, such as temperature, pressure, and light. The microprocessor can then use this information to make decisions and provide control signals to other systems. Another application of microprocessors in external devices is in control systems. Microprocessors are used in control systems to provide intelligent control of various devices, such as motors and valves. These microprocessors can receive input from various sensors and provide output signals to control the device's operation. Moreover, microprocessors are also used in external devices such as displays and user interfaces. Microprocessors in these devices can process and display information in a variety of formats, such as text, graphics, and video. They can also provide user interface controls, such as buttons, sliders, and touch screens, which allow users to interact with the system. In addition to these applications, microprocessors are also used in external devices in the field of telecommunications. Microprocessors are used in modems, routers, and other networking devices to process data and provide connectivity to various networks. These devices are critical in ensuring that information can be transmitted and received efficiently and accurately. In conclusion, microprocessors play a vital role in external devices, providing intelligence and control to various systems. They are used in various applications, ranging from sensors to displays and telecommunications devices. As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see even more innovative applications of microprocessors in external devices, enabling even greater functionality and efficiency in a wide range of systems. Check point 5: 1. What are some external devices that use microprocessors? 2. What is the most common application of microprocessors in sensor systems? 3. What is the function of microprocessors in control systems? 4. What are some functions of microprocessors in displays and user interfaces? 5. What is the importance of microprocessors in telecommunications devices?
  • 8. LADO 8 Creating Display Microprocessors are often used to create displays, which are used in a wide range of applications, such as computers, smartphones, tablets, and other electronic devices. A microprocessor can control the display's brightness, contrast, and color, allowing for high-quality images and text to be displayed. One of the most common applications of microprocessors in displays is in computer monitors. Microprocessors are used to control the display's resolution, refresh rate, and other settings. These microprocessors ensure that the images and text displayed on the monitor are clear, accurate, and easy to read. Another application of microprocessors in displays is in smartphones and tablets. Microprocessors are used to control the display's touch sensitivity and resolution, allowing for smooth and responsive touch screen interaction. These microprocessors can also adjust the display's brightness and contrast based on ambient lighting conditions, providing optimal visibility and reducing eye strain. Moreover, microprocessors are also used in displays in the automotive industry. Microprocessors are used to control the displays in car dashboards, providing information such as speed, fuel consumption, and other vital data. These displays are designed to be easy to read, even in bright sunlight, and are critical in ensuring that drivers can operate their vehicles safely and efficiently. In addition to these applications, microprocessors are also used in displays for advertising and marketing purposes. Digital billboards and other advertising displays use microprocessors to control the display's brightness, contrast, and other settings, ensuring that the advertisement is visible and attractive to potential customers. In conclusion, microprocessors play a crucial role in creating displays, which are used in a wide range of applications, from computer monitors to smartphones, automotive dashboards, and advertising displays. Microprocessors provide control over the display's settings, allowing for high-quality images and text to be displayed, and ensuring that the display is visible and attractive to users. As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see even more innovative applications of microprocessors in display technology, providing even greater functionality and efficiency in a wide range of systems. Check point 6: 1. What are some common applications of microprocessors in displays? 2. What functions can a microprocessor control in a display? 3. What is the role of microprocessors in displays for automotive dashboards? 4. What are some advantages of using microprocessors in displays for smartphones and tablets? 5. How do microprocessors help in creating high-quality images and text in displays?
  • 9. LADO 9 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION Microprocessors play a vital role in wireless communication technology, enabling devices to communicate wirelessly with each other over long distances. Microprocessors provide the intelligence and control needed to operate various wireless communication technologies, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and cellular networks. One of the most common applications of microprocessors in wireless communication is in Wi-Fi technology. Wi-Fi relies on microprocessors to manage the communication between devices and the network, allowing for the exchange of data and information wirelessly. Microprocessors control the flow of data between devices, ensuring that packets of data are transmitted and received correctly. Another application of microprocessors in wireless communication is in Bluetooth technology. Bluetooth technology relies on microprocessors to manage the communication between devices, enabling devices to exchange data and information wirelessly over short distances. Microprocessors control the frequency hopping mechanism used in Bluetooth communication, ensuring that the communication is reliable and secure. Moreover, microprocessors are also used in cellular networks, which provide wireless communication over long distances. Cellular networks rely on microprocessors to manage the communication between devices and the network, enabling devices to transmit and receive voice and data signals wirelessly. Microprocessors provide the intelligence needed to ensure that the signal is reliable, and the connection remains stable even when the device is moving. In addition to these applications, microprocessors are also used in various other wireless communication technologies, such as satellite communication, RFID, and NFC. Microprocessors provide the intelligence and control needed to manage the communication between devices, enabling them to transmit and receive signals wirelessly over long distances. In conclusion, microprocessors play a vital role in wireless communication technology, enabling devices to communicate wirelessly over long distances. Microprocessors provide the intelligence and control needed to manage various wireless communication technologies, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and cellular networks. As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see even more innovative applications of microprocessors in wireless communication technology, providing even greater functionality and efficiency in a wide range of systems. Check point 7: 1. What role do microprocessors play in wireless communication technology? 2. What is one of the most common applications of microprocessors in Wi-Fi technology? 3. What is the role of microprocessors in Bluetooth technology? 4. How are microprocessors used in cellular networks? 5. What are some other wireless communication technologies that use microprocessors?
  • 10. LADO 10 Communicating using I2C and SPI Microprocessors are often used to communicate with external devices using various communication protocols, such as Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) and Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI). These protocols allow for fast and efficient communication between the microprocessor and other devices, such as sensors, displays, and memory modules. I2C is a synchronous serial communication protocol that allows for the exchange of data between devices using a two-wire interface. It is commonly used to connect multiple devices on a single bus, such as sensors and memory modules. Microprocessors can use I2C to communicate with these devices, reading data from sensors or writing data to memory modules. Similarly, SPI is another synchronous serial communication protocol that allows for the exchange of data between devices using a four- wire interface. It is commonly used to connect devices that require high-speed data transfer, such as flash memory and displays. Microprocessors can use SPI to communicate with these devices, reading and writing data at high speeds. In both I2C and SPI communication, microprocessors act as the master device, controlling the communication between the microprocessor and the external devices. The microprocessor sends commands and data to the external devices, and then waits for a response before sending the next command. One advantage of using I2C and SPI communication is that they allow multiple devices to be connected to the same bus, reducing the number of wires needed to connect the devices. This can make the system more compact and easier to manufacture. Another advantage of using I2C and SPI communication is that they are relatively simple protocols, requiring only a few lines of code to implement in software. This makes them ideal for use in embedded systems and other applications where space and power are limited. In conclusion, microprocessors can communicate with external devices using various communication protocols, such as I2C and SPI. These protocols allow for fast and efficient communication between the microprocessor and other devices, enabling the microprocessor to read data from sensors, write data to memory modules, and control displays and other devices. As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see even more innovative applications of microprocessors in communication technology, providing even greater functionality and efficiency in a wide range of systems. Check point 8: 1. What are some of the communication protocols microprocessors use to communicate with external devices? 2. What is the difference between I2C and SPI communication protocols? 3. What devices can be connected to a microprocessor using I2C and SPI communication? 4. What advantage does using I2C and SPI communication provide in terms of system design?
  • 11. LADO 11 5. Why are I2C and SPI communication protocols ideal for use in embedded systems and applications with limited space and power? Sending and Connecting Wireless Communication Microprocessors play a critical role in wireless communication technology, enabling devices to communicate wirelessly with each other over long distances. Microprocessors provide the intelligence and control needed to operate various wireless communication technologies, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and cellular networks. To send and connect wireless communication, microprocessors typically use radio frequency (RF) technology, which allows them to transmit and receive signals over the air. RF technology is used in a variety of wireless communication technologies, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and cellular networks. Wi-Fi technology is perhaps the most well- known application of microprocessors in wireless communication. Wi-Fi relies on microprocessors to manage the communication between devices and the network, allowing for the exchange of data and information wirelessly. Microprocessors control the flow of data between devices, ensuring that packets of data are transmitted and received correctly. Bluetooth technology is another popular application of microprocessors in wireless communication. Bluetooth technology relies on microprocessors to manage the communication between devices, enabling devices to exchange data and information wirelessly over short distances. Microprocessors control the frequency hopping mechanism used in Bluetooth communication, ensuring that the communication is reliable and secure. Cellular networks also rely heavily on microprocessors to manage wireless communication over long distances. Cellular networks use microprocessors to manage the communication between devices and the network, enabling devices to transmit and receive voice and data signals wirelessly. Microprocessors provide the intelligence needed to ensure that the signal is reliable, and the connection remains stable even when the device is moving. In addition to these applications, microprocessors are also used in various other wireless communication technologies, such as satellite communication, RFID, and NFC. Microprocessors provide the intelligence and control needed to manage the communication between devices, enabling them to transmit and receive signals wirelessly over long distances. In conclusion, microprocessors play a critical role in wireless communication technology, enabling devices to communicate wirelessly over long distances. Microprocessors provide the intelligence and control needed to manage various wireless communication technologies, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and cellular networks. As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see even more innovative applications of microprocessors in wireless communication technology, providing even greater functionality and efficiency in a wide range of systems.
  • 12. LADO 12 Check point 9: 1. What role do microprocessors play in wireless communication technology? 2. What is RF technology? 3. What is Wi-Fi technology? 4. What is Bluetooth technology? 5. What are some other applications of microprocessors in wireless communication technology? NETWORKS Microprocessors are a key component of network technology, providing the processing power and intelligence needed to manage and control data communication between devices. Microprocessors are used in a variety of network applications, including routers, switches, and gateways. Routers are one of the most common network devices that use microprocessors. Routers are used to direct network traffic between different devices, enabling devices to communicate with each other over a network. Microprocessors in routers manage the routing table, which is used to determine the best path for data packets to travel through the network. Switches are another network device that uses microprocessors to manage communication between devices. Switches are used to connect devices on a local area network (LAN), allowing them to communicate with each other directly. Microprocessors in switches manage the flow of data between devices, ensuring that packets of data are transmitted and received correctly. Gateways are another network device that uses microprocessors to manage communication between devices. Gateways are used to connect different types of networks together, such as a local area network (LAN) and a wide area network (WAN). Microprocessors in gateways manage the communication between the different types of networks, enabling devices to communicate with each other across the different networks. Microprocessors also play a critical role in network security. Microprocessors in firewalls and intrusion detection systems (IDS) are used to monitor network traffic, identifying and blocking unauthorized access attempts and other security threats. Microprocessors in
  • 13. LADO 13 security appliances are used to enforce security policies and control access to the network. In addition to these applications, microprocessors are also used in various other network devices, such as load balancers, network attached storage (NAS), and network interface cards (NIC). Microprocessors provide the processing power and intelligence needed to manage and control data communication between devices, enabling devices to communicate with each other reliably and securely over a network. In conclusion, microprocessors are a critical component of network technology, providing the processing power and intelligence needed to manage and control data communication between devices. Microprocessors are used in a variety of network applications, including routers, switches, gateways, and security appliances. As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see even more innovative applications of microprocessors in network technology, providing even greater functionality and efficiency in a wide range of systems. Check point 10: 1. What is the role of microprocessors in network technology? 2. What are some network devices that use microprocessors? 3. How do microprocessors in routers manage network traffic? 4. What is the role of microprocessors in network security? 5. What are some other network applications of microprocessors?
  • 14. LADO 14 Setting, Requesting and Handling Web Servers through Ethernet and Networking Microprocessors are widely used in networking applications, enabling devices to connect to the internet and communicate with web servers. Microprocessors are used to set up, request, and handle web servers through Ethernet and networking protocols, such as TCP/IP. To set up a web server, microprocessors are used to configure the device's network settings, such as IP address, subnet mask, and gateway. Microprocessors are also used to set up the web server software, such as Apache or Nginx, which enables the device to respond to HTTP requests from clients. Once the web server is set up, microprocessors are used to handle requests from clients, such as web browsers. Microprocessors receive the HTTP request from the client, process it, and return the appropriate response, such as a web page or data file. Microprocessors are also used to handle network communication between the device and the web server. Microprocessors use Ethernet and TCP/IP protocols to send and receive data packets between the device and the web server, ensuring that the communication is reliable and secure. In addition to handling web server requests, microprocessors are also used to handle other networking tasks, such as DNS resolution, network routing, and network security. Microprocessors can perform these tasks using a variety of networking protocols, such as UDP and ICMP. Overall, microprocessors play a critical role in setting up, requesting, and handling web servers through Ethernet and networking protocols. Microprocessors provide the processing power and intelligence needed to manage and control network communication, enabling devices to connect to the internet and communicate with web servers reliably and securely. As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see even more innovative applications of microprocessors in networking technology, providing even greater functionality and efficiency in a wide range of systems. Check point 11: 1. What are microprocessors used for in networking applications? 2. How are microprocessors used to set up a web server? 3. What tasks are microprocessors used for in handling web server requests? 4. How do microprocessors handle network communication between the device and the web server? 5. What other networking tasks can microprocessors handle?
  • 15. LADO 15 REFERENCES Microprocessor Using Sensors Ahmad, M. S., Zaman, S., & Almogren, A. (2019). An IoT-based real-time health monitoring system for elderly people using wireless sensors and microcontrollers. Electronics, 8(2), 190. Microprocessor by Controlling Motors Khandelwal, V., Arora, A., & Jain, M. (2017). Arduino based intelligent industrial conveyor belt control and monitoring system. 2017 International Conference on Computing, Communication and Automation (ICCCA), Greater Noida, India. Microprocessor by Controlling Remote External Devices Ghosh, S., & Deb, A. (2018). Design and implementation of a remote controlled robotic vehicle using microcontroller. 2018 3rd International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN), Noida, India. Microprocessor by Creating Display Verma, M., & Singh, M. (2016). Automated weather station using microcontroller. 2016 3rd International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom), New Delhi, India. Microprocessor in Communicating using I2C and SPI Kim, D. H., Kim, H. J., & Kim, S. W. (2017). An optimized SOC for IoT applications based on I2C/SPI serial interface. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 13(4), 2074-2081. Microprocessor by Sending and Connecting Wireless Communication Sharma, V., Kaur, P., & Singh, K. (2017). IoT based health monitoring system using wireless sensor networks. 2017 International Conference on Inventive Computing and Informatics (ICICI), Coimbatore, India. Microprocessor by Setting, Requesting and Handling Web Servers through Ethernet and Networking Jangra, R., Sharma, N., & Arora, A. (2017). Real time IoT based health monitoring system using Raspberry Pi and ThingSpeak. 2017 International Conference on Recent Innovations in Electrical, Electronics & Communication Engineering (ICRIEECE), Jaipur, India. Microprocessor in Embedded Systems Patil, V. S., & Kulkarni, S. S. (2017). An embedded system based on ARM cortex M3 for agricultural application. 2017 International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (ICCS), Madurai, India. Microprocessor in Robotics Iqbal, M. T., Wang, L., & Nisar, K. S. (2018). Autonomous landmine detection and removal robot using microcontroller. IEEE Access, 6, 6418-6429. Microprocessor in Control Systems Santosh, B. M., & Pai, R. M. (2019). Design and implementation of PID controller using microcontroller. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 8(3), 314-319.
  • 16. LADO 16 Microprocessor in Real-time Systems Chaudhary, S. K., & Singh, B. P. (2017). Real- time face detection and recognition using Raspberry Pi and OpenCV. International Journal of Control Theory and Applications, 10(40), 127-134. Microprocessor in Automotive Applications Ali, M. A., & Masud, M. A. (2017). Design of a smart car security system using embedded system. 2017 International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Communication Engineering (ECCE), Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. Microprocessor in Power Electronics Kaur, A., & Verma, D. K. (2017). Grid connected solar photovoltaic system with maximum power point tracking using microcontroller. 2017 International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC), Erode, India. Microprocessor in Medical Applications Chandrakar, A. K., & Jain, R. (2018). Design and development of a microcontroller- based system for smart healthcare monitoring. Journal of Medical Systems, 42(12), 247. Microprocessor in Agriculture Vakulabharanam, V. R., & Singh, G. (2018). Design and development of a microcontroller-based autonomous irrigation system. 2018 International Conference on Current Trends towards Converging Technologies (ICCTCT), Guntur, India. Microprocessor in Education Kumar, S., & Sharma, S. K. (2018). Developing virtual labs for embedded system education. 2018 International Conference on Computing, Power and Communication Technologies (GUCON), Greater Noida, India. Microprocessor in Internet of Things (IoT) Kumar, N., & Sharma, N. (2018). Implementation of IoT using microcontroller for smart home automation. 2018 4th International Conference on Computing Sciences (ICCS), Phagwara, India.