presentation

1. Regions in the
Philippines
CAGAYAN VALLEY
REGION

2. Cagayan Valley
• Cagayan Valley (Ilocano: Tanap ti Cagayan; Filipino: Lambak ng
Cagayan), designated as Region II, is an administrative region in
the Philippines. Located in the northeastern section of Luzon,[5] it is
composed of five Philippine
provinces: Batanes, Cagayan, Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya,
and Quirino. The region hosts four chartered
cities: Cauayan, Ilagan, Santiago, and Tuguegarao.

3. • Most of its land area lies in the valley between the Cordilleras and
the Sierra Madre mountain ranges. The eponymous Cagayan
River, the country's largest and longest, runs through the region,
flows from the Caraballo Mountains, and ends in Aparri. Cagayan
Valley is the second-largest Philippine administrative region by land
area.[7] According to a literacy survey in 2013, 97.2% of Cagayan
Valley's citizens (ages 10 to 64) are functionally literate, which is
the highest out of the seventeen regions of the Philippines.

4. History
• Archaeology indicates that Cagayan has been inhabited for half a million years,
though no human remains of any such antiquity have yet appeared. The earliest
inhabitants are the Agta, or Atta, food-gatherers who roam the forests without
fixed abodes. A large tract of land has lately been returned to them.[citation
needed] The bulk of the population are of Austronesian origin. For centuries before
the coming of the Spanish, the inhabitants traded with Indians, Malays, Chinese,
and Japanese. In the nineteenth and 20th centuries, the prosperity found in
tobacco cultivation caused many Ilokano people to settle here, it was only in this
large-scale Ilocano settlement that made Ilocano language replace Ibanag as
the lingua franca of the region. Tobacco is still a major factor in the economy of
Cagayan, though a special economic zone and free port has been created to
strengthen and diversify the provincial economy.

5. • During the Spanish era, Cagayan Valley had a larger territory than today,
then named Provincia de Cagayan. Then it included the territories of the
above-mentioned provinces and the eastern parts of
the Cordillera provinces of Apayao, Kalinga, Ifugao and Benguet, and the
north part of Aurora. Historian and missionary Jose Burgues said, "The
old Cagayan Valley comprises the province of Cagayan, Isabela and
Nueva Vizcaya as well as the military Districts of Apayao, Itaves,
Quiangan, Cayapa and Bintangan, plus the area of the Sierra Madre to
the Pacific Ocean in the said trajectory.

6. • During World War II, at Balete Pass in Nueva Vizcaya, the
retreating Japanese Imperial Army under General Tomoyuki
Yamashita dug in and held on for three months against the
American and Filipino forces who eventually drove them out; the
pass is now called Dalton Pass in honor of General Dalton, USA,
who was killed in the fighting.

7. Geography
• Cagayan Valley is the large mass of land in the northeastern region
of Luzon, comprising the provinces of Cagayan, Isabela, Nueva
Vizcaya, Quirino, and the Batanes group of islands. It is bordered to
the west by the Cordillera mountain range, to the east by the Sierra
Madre, to the south by the Caraballo Mountains, and to the north
by the Luzon Strait.

8. • The region contains two landlocked provinces, Quirino and Nueva
Vizcaya, which are ruggedly mountainous and heavily forested. Nueva
Vizcaya is the remnant of the southern province created when Cagayan
Province was divided in two in 1839. They are ethnically and linguistically
diverse, with a substrate of Agtas, Negritos who are food-gatherers
with no fixed abodes, overlaid by Ilongots and others in a number of
tribes, some of whom were fierce head-hunters (they have given up the
practice), with the latest but largest element of the population being
the Ilocanos, closely followed by the Ibanags.

9. Administrative divisions
• Cagayan Valley comprises five provinces, one independent city,
three component cities, 89 municipalities, and 2,311 barangays.

10. Languages
• Ilocano is the main lingua franca (orally) of the region. Other
languages include Ibanag and Ivatan, the main language
of Batanes. The use of Tagalog and English also serve as the
region’s language in education, governance, tourism, popular
culture, and commerce inside and outside the region.

11. Economy
• The province of Isabela and the city of Santiago[22] are notably the
most progressive province and richest city in the region,
respectively.[23][24][25] Isabela was the 9th richest province in
the Philippines in 2021, being the only province from the region to
be included in the list.

12. • The city of Tuguegarao is the center of excellence in education,
commerce, trade and culture and as the economic center of the region,
the city continuously aims for outstanding performance and competence
in administration, citizen participation, community and economic
development, cultural arts, education, fiscal management, infrastructure,
intergovernmental cooperation, planning, public safety, recreation and
leisure services, social services, and technology. Its economy gradually
shifted from agriculture to secondary/tertiary economic activities such as
trading, commerce and services. The shift was ushered by city's role as
the Regional Government Center and Center of Commerce in Northern
Luzon.

13. • Tuguegarao City was included to be one of the digital cities for
2025 to sustain the rapid growth of the Information Technology and
Business Process Management and to promote development in the
city. The program (Digital Cities 2025) was created through a
partnership between the DICT, the IT and Business Process
Association of the Philippines (IBPAP), and Leechiu Property
Consultants (LPC).

14. • Cauayan is a component city in the province of Isabela. It is dubbed as
the Ideal City of the North and the host city for the proposed Isabela
Special Economic Zone and the Regional Agro-Industrial Growth
Center.[35] It is the home of Cosmos Bottling Corporation, now acquired
by the giant multinational business conglomerate San Miguel Corporation
manufactures soft drinks in the area and the Mega Asia Bottling
Corporation with its newly built plant for RC Cola brand. It is also here
where the regional sales offices of several multi-national companies are
located. As a young city, it has enormous potential for small to large
enterprises and its real estate industry is just beginning. Medium size
commercial centers or subdivisions are the appropriate ventures to put
up.

15. • Ilagan is a component city and the capital of the province of Isabela. The city is the Corn
Capital of the Philippines and has been considered as the Primary Growth Center of Region
2.[38][39][40] Most of the industries in the city are agri-based. Over the past decades, there has
been a great number of local investments in poultry and hog raising. There are several poultry
contract growers and small and medium scale hog raisers in the city. Other support facilities,
warehouses and small and big rice mills, strategically located in the different barangays of the
city to address the storage needs of farmers during the harvest season. Of all cities in the
country, Ilagan ranks as the top producer of corn.[41] As an agriculture-based city, it produces
ample supply of corn, rice, vegetables and legumes. Fruits like the banana are year-round
products especially in the mountainous areas of the city. Ilagan also produces seasonal fruits
such as mangoes and pomelo. Commerce and trade is considered to be the city's second
economic-based income. It is also the hub of the Coca-Cola FEMSA Philippines, Inc., one of
the industrial complexes in the region.

16. • Solano is a first class municipality and the main commercial and financial
center of the province of Nueva Vizcaya. It also has the most fast food
restaurants chains and the most banks among the municipalities in the
entire region. According to the 2016 Cities and Municipalities
Competitiveness Index conducted by the National Competitiveness
Council, Solano took the 25th spot overall and ranked 30th among the
first class and second class municipalities in the Philippines. This further
solidified the status of Solano as the undisputed premier town of Cagayan
Valley being the premier town in Nueva Vizcaya and the fastest-growing
municipality in the region.

17. • Cagayan has several attractions which include beaches, swimming,
snorkeling, skin-diving, fishing in the river and the sea, hiking in
primeval forest, mountain-climbing, archaeological sites, the
collection of the provincial museum, the Callao Caves, and many
churches. The Cagayan Economic Zone Authority (CEZA) is
situated in Santa Ana, Cagayan.

18. • Quirino is the youngest province in the region. With its agricultural based nature,
the vast vegetative agricultural covers reveal the major source of living of the
people. Farming has been the main industry in the province, with rice and corn
as major crops as with other provinces in the region. Virgin forest and wealthy
bodies of water have been great contributors in its development. Small scale
industries like furniture making, basketry, rattan craft, and dried/fossilized flower
production, where the province was famously known, are prevalent. Banana
products also sold in and out the province and also for export purposes. The
small scale business and associations also make their own products like banana
chips, peanuts, patupats and others. The province also produces a substantial
amount of fruits/crops like mango, citrus, pineapple, coffee, coconut,
papaya, lanzones, rambutan and vegetables

19. • The province of Nueva Vizcaya has basically an agricultural
economy with commerce, trade, and industry contributing to its
growth and development. Among other major economic activities
are farming and cattle and swine raising. Primary crops
are palay and corn. The province produces quality onions and
vegetables often sold in Metro Manila. Oranges and mangoes are
now major crops being exported fresh to other Asian countries;
earning its title as the Citrus Capital of the Philippines.

20. • Batanes is the northernmost and smallest province in the region as
well as in the whole Philippines. It is the only province located
outside the mainland Cagayan Valley. Due to its geographical
location, fishing is considered as a major industry and source of
livelihood for the people. Garlic and cattle are major export crops.
Ivatans also plant camote (sweet potato), cassava, gabi or tuber
and a unique variety of white uvi. Sugarcane is raised to
produce palek, a kind of native wine, and vinegar. Tourism also
contributes to the province's thriving economy.[