2. GENDER VALUES IN THE
PHILIPPINE
BUREAUCRACY
A
Dexie Mae B. Alcazar
3. Philippines Initiatives on Gender
– Responsive Governance
In the Philippines, efforts to make
governance gender responsive are
promoted through legislation, such as
magna carta of women (MCW) which
mandates non-discriminatory and pro-
gender equality and equity measures
to enable women‟s participation in the
formulation, implementation, and
evaluation of policies, plans, and
programs for national, regional, and
local government
6. MAGNA CARTA OF WOMEN
Affirms the role of women in nation building
Ensures the substantive equality of women and
men
Condemns discrimination against women, in
keeping with CEDAW and other International
Instruments, consistent with Philippine Law
Affirms women’s rights as human rights
7. WHAT IS MAGNA
CARTA OF WOMEN?
A comprehensive women„s
human rights law that seeks to
eliminate discrimination against
women by recognizing,
protecting, fulfilling and
promoting the rights of Filipino
women, especially those in the
marginalized sector.
9. RIGHT of WOMEN to
protection from all
forms of violence (Sec.12)
Giving priority to
• The defense and
protection of women
against violence
• Helping women attain
justice and healing.
1
10. RIGHT to
protection and security in
times of disasters,
calamities, and other
crisis situations
Especially in all phases of relief,
recovery, rehabilitation and
reconstruction efforts,
including protection from
sexual exploitation
2
11. Participation and
representation of
Women (sec. 11)
Ensuring women‟s equitable
participation and
representation in 3rd level civil
service (50-50 gender balance
within 5 years), development
councils and planning bodies
(at least 40% women) and
other policy and decision-
making bodies.
3
12. Equal Treatment before
the Law
Requires review and, if necessary, amendment or repeal of
laws that are discriminatory to women (Family Code:
Decision Making Art. 14,96,124,211,225 and 55); (Penal
Code: Concubinage vs Adultery –Art 333-334); (Premature
marriage (Art.351); RA 8353- Anti-rape law)
LGUs shall review existing ordinances and policies and repeal
or amend them accordingly.
4
13. Equal access of women and
elimination of discrimination of
women in education,
scholarships, and training
Use of gender-sensitive language
Revision of gender stereotypes in educational and training
materials
Capacity development on GAD, peace and human rights
of all teachers and trainers
5
14. “Flip open a typical textbook used in many Philippine
schools and you will likely find images of women
illustrating verbs such as „cook‟ or „clean the house‟ but
hardly appearing anywhere much in economics and
history textbooks.”
- Kara Santos, Philippines: Women‟s
College Correct Gender Miseducation
15.
16. Equal participation of
women in sports
Removing gender-based
discrimination in sports
LGUs‟ should increase
women‟s participation in
sports by forming women‟s
and girls‟ teams in various
sporting events that they
organize or sponsor.
6
18. Non-discriminatory and non-
derogatory portrayal of women
in media and film
Raise the consciousness of the general public…
through the strategic use of mass media
Formulate policies and guidelines
8
Gender Equality Guide
Code of Ethics for Media
Guidelines to Protect Women from the discrimination
in Media and Films
19. RIGHT to Health
Provide comprehensive health
services, health information
and education covering all
stages of a woman‟s life cycle,
including access to maternal
care (from womb to tomb)
9
21. Equal rights in ALL MATTERS
RELATING TO MARRIAGE AND
FAMILY RELATIONS.
The State shall ensure the same rights of women and men to:
• enter into and leave marriages
• freely choose a spouse
• decide on the number and spacing of their children
• enjoy personal rights including the choice of a profession
• own acquire
• administer their property acquire
• change, or retain their nationality.
11
22. The MCW also guarantees the civil, political, and economic
rights of women in the marginalized sectors including but
not limited to :
o small farmers
o fisher folks
o urban poor
o indigenous people
o moro
o Children
o migrant workers,
o persons with disabilities
o solo parents, and senior citizens, particularly the:
23. Right of women to Food
Security and Productive
Resources
including equal right in the titling of
the land and issuance of
stewardship contracts and patents.
12
25. Right to Decent Work
Includes the right to:
Support services and gears to protect
women from health hazards taking into
account their maternal functions
Support services that will enable work and
family life balance
Membership in organizations and unions
Observance and sensitivity of Indigenous
People‟s practices in workplace
14
26. Right to Livelihood, Credit,
Capital, and Technology
15
16
Right to education,
training and
scholarships, especially
in research and
development aimed
towards women-friendly
farm technology
27. Right to representation and
participation in policy-making or
decision-making bodies
17
18
Right to information regarding
policies on women
28. Right to Social
Protection
19
LGUs shall institutionalize policies and
programs that enhance the social
status and right of the marginalized
women
LGU shall mainstream all programs
and services on poverty reduction
and include Occupational safety
and health (OSH)
29. Recognition and
Preservation of Cultural
Identity and Integrity
Develop materials produced in
indigenous languages containing
information on the rights, programs,
and services available to
indigenous women;
Remove stereotypes and
discriminatory characterization of IP
women in educational materials
20
30. Peace and Development
21
Participation of women in decision-making
in the peace process
Inclusion of women‟s concerns in the
peace agenda
Consideration of women‟s needs in the
protection of civilians in conflict areas
Recognition and support for women‟s role
in conflict-preventions
31. Services and
Interventions for women
in especially difficult
circumstances (WEDC)
WEDC are victims and
survivors of sexual and
physical abuse (rape and
incest, illegal recruitment,
prostitution, trafficking,
armed conflict, women in
detention, etc.) which have
incapacitated them
functionally.
22
33. Protection of Women
Senior Citizens
from neglect, abandonment,
domestic violence, abuse,
exploitation and discrimination
24
34. The Philippine Framework Plan for Women (FPW) indicated actions planned
for gender-responsive governance to be undertaken by government
agencies, LGUs, and civil society as follows:
On mainstreaming Gender and Development (GAD) in the bureaucracy:
1.Enforce compliance with GAD mainstreaming policies.
2.Enhance existing structural mechanisms to accelerate mainstreaming of
GAD.
3.Localize GAD mainstreaming efforts
4.Enhance the capability of local and regional GAD practitioners/trainers to
deliver GAD programs
5.Strengthen linkages and partnerships among various partners.
36. IMPROVING PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY:
Experiences and Challenges better service through the INTRNET (e-Government)
E-government is the use of information and communication technology
(ICT) to promote more efficient and cost effective government, more
convenient government services, greater public access to information,
and more government accountability to citizens.
Example:
37. ICT DEVELOPMENT IN THE
PHILIPPINES:
E-COMMERCE ACT
On 14 June 2000, President Joseph E. Estrada signed into law R.A. 8792 “An Act
Providing for the Recognition and Use of Electronic Commercial and Non
Commercial Transactions, Penalties for Unlawful use thereof and other
purposes also known as the “Electronic Commerce Act”
38. NATIONAL INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY PLAN 2000
The National Information Technology Plan 2000 documents an overall strategy to
spur the country to global competitiveness through Information Technology
diffusion. NITP2000 is a comprehensive plan of action with the twin strategies of
IT Use and IT Production.
39. Government Information
System Plan (GISP)
it means bringing government closer to our people. The GISP set vision
where our citizens anywhere in the country, as well as fellow Filipinos,
foreigns and potential investors anywhere in the world would have direct
access to government information and services.
40. COMMISSION ON INFORMATION AND
COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (CICT)
was the primary policy, planning, coordinating,
implementing, regulating and administrative entity of
executive branch of the Philippine Government
42. E-Governance in Local
Government Unit eLGU Project
This project is to revolutionize local governance by making the LGUs electronically
enabled thereby improving the delivery of public service, promoting
transparency in government transactions and increasing public access to
government information services, among others. Specifically, the objectives of
the project are:
◦ To increase public access to information and services thru assistance in establishing
interactive citizens-centric web presence and setting up community e-centers
(CCs) in selected pilot LGUs;
43. E-Governance in Local
Government Unit eLGU Project
◦ To improve assessment, billing and collection of real property
and business taxes;
◦ To build capability of LGU personnel to operate and maintain
applications systems;
◦ To institutionalize ICT use in LGUs;
44. E-Governance in Local
Government Unit eLGU Project
◦ To ensure smooth transition from the current state-manual
transactions- to the desired state-electronic governance; and
◦ To showcase successful strategies and practices in LGUs.
45. Community E-Centers (CeCs)
The program seeks to establish new CeCs in municipalities where there are no shared internet access
facilities, transform existing school computer laboratories and Internet cages, where feasible, to
become CeCs and enhance and strengthen existing CeCs.
46. iSchools (Internet in Schools)
The Internet has immense potential to improve the quality of education, which is
one of the pillars of sustainable development. This Internet Society briefing
outlines ways in which policymakers can unlock that potential through an
enabling framework for access to the Internet. It sets out five priorities for
policymakers: infrastructure and access, vision and policy, inclusion, capacity,
and content and devices. Together these represent key considerations for
unlocking access to the Internet in support of education.
47. iSkwela Program
Under this project, community-based e-Learning Centers or eSkwela Centers are being
established in major centers around the country to conduct information and
communication technology (ICT )-enhanced alternative education programs to re-
engage free of charge, out-of-school youth and adults.
It likewise aims to help reduce the digital divide and enhance the capacity of these
individuals to be successful participants in a global and knowledge-based economy. ⁃
The initiative responds directly to a national development priority and brings e-learning
opportunities and ICT for learning to mobile teachers/instructional managers and out-of-
school learners in the Philippines in an exciting, innovative, and locally meaningful way.
48. STAGES OF e-Government
TRANSACTIONAL WEB PRESENCE
Users will be able to conduct complete and secure transactions
online
The government website will allow users to customize a portal in
order to directly access services based on specific needs and
priorities
Sites will be ultimately secure
Public User Log-in and password (NOT exclusive for internal use)
Online payment
Confirmation request (email confirmation/acknowledgement
receipt)
Display of Security and Privacy Policy
50. o the central human resource agency mandated to manage the
entire public sector workforce and to promote morale,
efficiency, integrity, responsiveness, progressiveness, and
courtesy in the civil service.
o As of June, 2022, there is 1,820,457 personnel (career service
and non-career service) in the Philippine Civil Service with
various leanings and inclinations, beliefs, and practices, spread
over 3,600 agencies all over the country (CSC, 2022)
CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION
51. o According to Jones and Bartlett Learning, Human
Resource Management is defined as a system of activities
and strategies that focuses on successfully managing
employees at all levels of an organization to achieve
organizational goals.
o Human Resource Management (HRM) is the application
of principles, systems, and processes that facilitate the
engagement (optimal acquisition, maintenance, and
utilization) of the people in accordance with Civil Service
laws and rules towards organizational integrity and
excellence. (CSC Definition of HRM)
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
52. Main Activities of HR
o Recruitment, selection and placement
o Learning and development
o Performance management
o Rewards and Recognition
o Career planning
o Function evaluation
o Industrial relations
o Employee participation and
communication
o Health and safety
o Personal wellbeing
o Administrative responsibilities
53. Modernization in the Philippines is focused on creating a responsive and future-
ready civil service with a workforce that has a citizen-centric focus and is digitally
literate, collaborative, creative, innovative, and culturally intelligent.
Driving modernization efforts are numerous national strategies that focus on
improving workforce capabilities and leveraging emerging technologies to
improve service delivery.
The implementation and management of civil service reform are conducted by
the Civil Service Commission (CSC).
MODERNIZATION OF HR IN CIVIL
SERVICE
54. o Strategic Performance Management System (SPMS)
o Program to Institutionalize Meritocracy and Excellence in Human
Resource Management (PRIME-HRM)2
o Honor Awards Program
MODERNIZATION OF HR IN CIVIL
SERVICE
HUMAN RESOURCE INITIATIVES
o Competency-based Recruitment and Qualification
Standards
o Competency-Based Learning and Development Program
55. Competency-based Recruitment and Qualification Standards
Eligibility Education Experience Training Competencies
QUALIFICATION STANDARDS COMPETENCIES
+
Recruitment and Selection
56. Why Competency-Based Recruitment?
o Competencies serve as objective guides in the assessment of candidates;
hence improving accuracy in assessing a candidate‟s fitness for a particular job.
Recruitment and Selection
o Competency-based recruitment minimizes hiring
errors as it helps prevent interviewers and selectors
from assessing interviewees on the basis of
characteristics that are not relevant to the job or
from making hasty decisions.
o Competency-based recruitment leads to a
standardized or structured selection process since the
same metrics are used to assess all applicants for the
same position.
o Competency-based recruitment provides clarity for
the recruiters and candidates as well about the
requirements for the vacant position to be filled.
57. o delivers training to staff with learning
outcomes directly linked to
competency requirements of their roles
o allows for the identification of gaps in
the skills and competencies of civil
servants more broadly so that these may
be filled by upskilling current staff or
through recruitment
o Learning and development are offered
through formal training, on-the-job
training, and self-development through
mentoring and coaching.
Learning and Development
Competency-Based Learning and
Development Program (CBLDP)
Kirkpatrick’s Training Evaluation Model
58. Leadership and Coaching Program
o The LCP aims to maximize employees‟ potential
through a culture of coaching in the workplace.
o Coaching is a process that allows an individual to
discover their own „best fit‟ and own „best self‟.
o The coach does not provide solutions but assists the
staff/individuals find the solutions themselves to
perform better, improve their craft, meet or even
yet exceed their targets toward the delivery of
efficient and effective public service.
Learning and Development
GROW Model
59. Strategic Performance Management System (SPMS)
o The Strategic Performance Management System (SPMS) is a
mechanism that links employee performance with organizational
performance to enhance the performance orientation of the
compensation system.
o It ensures that the employee achieves the objectives set by the
organization and the organization, on the other hand, achieves
the objectives that it has set as its strategic plan.
Individual Performance Commitment And Review (IPCR)
Office Performance Commitment And Review (OPCR)
o complements with the Results-Based Performance Management
and Performance-Based Incentive System (PBIS)
Performance Management
60. o It is a mechanism that empowers government
agencies by developing their human resource
management competencies, systems, and
practices for HR excellence
o Aims to elevate public sector human resource
management to a level of excellence through
the assessment, assistance, and awarding
processes of HRM Systems, Practices, and
Competencies using HRM maturity level
indicators that are at par with global HRM
standards.
Program to Institutionalize Meritocracy and Excellence in Human
Resource Management (PRIME-HRM)
Performance Management
61. Honor Awards Program
o an annual undertaking of the Civil Service
Commission that recognizes government officials
and employees who have displayed outstanding
work performance.
Presidential Lingkod Bayan
CSC Pagasa
Dangal ng Bayan
o The conferment of honor awards aims to motivate or
inspire government employees to improve the
quality of their performance and instill deeper
involvement in public service.
Rewards and Recognition
63. What are NGOs?
● The World Bank, for example, defines NGOs as private
organizations that pursue activities to relieve suffering, promote
the interest of the poor, protect the environment, provide basic
social services, or undertake community development
● In wider usage, the term NGO can be applied to any non-profit
organization which is independent from the government. NGOs
are typically value-based organizations which depend, in whole
or in part, on charitable donations and voluntary service.
● Different sources refer to these groups with different names, using
NGOs, Civil Society Organizations (CSOs), Private Voluntary
Organizations (PVOs), charities, non-profit charities/charitable
organizations, third sector organizations, and so on.
64. What are NGOs?
● These terms encompass a wide variety of groups, ranging
from corporate-funded think tanks to community groups,
grass root activist groups, development and research
organizations, advocacy groups, operational,
emergency/humanitarian relief focused, and so on
● A non-government organization (NGO) is a social
organization motivated to work in sectors like religion,
socio-cultural, economics, education, environment,
women, and children, irrespective of any political
ideology and belief. It is a no-profit social institution
established formally after registering at the Chief District
Officer's Office and affiliated with the Social Welfare
Council (SWC) to work for socially and economically
backgrounds people.
65. What are NGOs?
● NGOs provide the potential to raise
funds from local businesses, individuals,
government, and locally generated
income. To do these, NGOs must have
strong governance and accountability
mechanisms, clear strategies, and local
credibility.
66. E. ISSUES AND PROBLEMS IN GO-NGO
COLLABORATION IN THE PHILIPPINES
The biggest challenges the NGOs in the Philippines
faces:
○ NGO state dynamics and governance
○ Accountability, transparency, and
legitimacy
○ Efficiency and effectiveness
○ Financial Management and Sustainability
○ Advocacy
67. ISSUES AND PROBLEMS IN GO-NGO
COLLABORATION IN THE PHILIPPINES
TAINTED IMAGE
○ Politicians, for example, have used foundations technically,
NGOs as conduits for laundering money or for keeping
political and electoral financial contributions
ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY
○ NGOs various networks and coalitions have developed
their own conduct or code of ethics which can serve to
deter abuses and misbehavior
68. ISSUES AND PROBLEMS IN GO-NGO
COLLABORATION IN THE PHILIPPINES
EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS
○ A lack of financial incentives for NGO people to perform efficiently. Related to this
is the low pay received by NGO personnel.
FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY
○ The sustainability of NGO operations is threatened by the continuing decline of
development assistance from donor governments and private donor institutions.
ADVOCACY
○ The relationship between the state and NGOs is quite complex. The common view
is that in the Philippine context, the relationship is oppositional and fractious.
