1. PA204
THEORY AND PRACTICE IN PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION
GROUP 1
JADEN C. GALEA
CRISLYN A. JAEN
JENNICA T. PORRAS
2. I. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT:
AN INTRODUCTION
1. THE STUDY OF ADMINISTRATION
2. THE MEANING OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
3. CONCEPTS,PRINCIPLES, PRACTICES AND REALITIES
OF PUBLIC ADMINITRATION
4. ADMINISTRATION/MANAGEMENTAND POLITICS
5. PUBLIC ADMINSTRATIONVS. PRIVATE
ADMINISTRATION
REPORT OUTLINE:
3. JADEN C. GALEA
THE STUDY OF
ADMINISTRATION
"The Study of Administration" is an
article by American politician,
academic, and university
administrator Woodrow Wilson in
1887 promoting the study of public
administration in American
universities and arguing for the
implementation of administrative
methods in American government.
The purpose of this article is to bring
awareness that the government
systems in place, need to be re-
evaluated and improved.
4. JADEN C. GALEA
WHAT IS PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION ?
Woodrow Wilson - public
administration is a detailed and systematic
application of law. One can also say that
public administration is nothing but the
policies, practices, rules and regulation etc, in
action.
Frederick K Lane - defines
administration as organizing and maintaining
human and fiscal resources to attain a group’s
goals.
Leonard Dupee White - consists of
all those operations having for their purpose
the fulfillment or enforcement of public
policy.
5. JADEN C. GALEA
Leonard Dupee White - consists of
all those operations having for their purpose
the fulfillment or enforcement of public
policy.
Felix A. Nigro - essentially a
cooperative group effort in public setting.
Secondly, it covers all the three branches of
government machinery, the executive, the
legislative and the judicial. He further added
that since public administration plays a
crucial role in formulation of policies
therefore it is a part of the political process
as well (for e.g. Bills and Acts).
7. CRISLYN A. JAEN
CONCEPTS, PRINCIPLES, PRACTICES AND REALITIES OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
- is one aspect of broader field of
administration. It exists in a political system to
fulfill the goals and objectives set by the political
decision makers. It is also known as a government
public administration because the adjective
‘public’ in public administration means
‘government’. Thus the focus of public
administration is on the public bureaucracy, that is
the bureaucratic organization(or administrative
organization)of the government.
8. CRISLYN A. JAEN
CONCEPTS, PRINCIPLES, PRACTICES AND REALITIES OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
CONCEPT OF PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION
- Today public administration is often
regarded as including also some
responsibility for determining the policies
and programs of governments. Specifically,
it is the planning, organizing, directing,
coordinating, and controlling of
government operations.
9. CRISLYN A. JAEN
CONCEPTS, PRINCIPLES, PRACTICES AND REALITIES OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
NEW CONCEPT OF PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION
The new Public Administration approach call for
small, flexible, and less hierarchical structures in an
administration interface that could become more
flexible and comfortable. The organizational structure
should be in tune with the socially relevant condition.
Reorganization of the bureaucracy has always been an
initiative of nay Philippine President throughout the
years. Reorganization programs have been mainly
ensuring the effectiveness, efficiency, affordability, and
accountability of government; that is government effort
must be focused on its core functions, the realization of
service delivery support system and right staffing,
rationalizing government funds, and ensuring
transparency, respectively.
To achieve a government that works better but costs
less, the government must streamline and reengineer
the redundant and bloated Philippine Bureaucracy. As
per the latest 2008 Inventory of Government Personnel
Data, the Philippine bureaucracy has a total of 1,313,538
government personnel compared to the last inventory
conducted by the civil service in 2004, the number of
government personnel decreased by 11% from
1,475,699 to 1,313,538 in 2008.
10. CRISLYN A. JAEN
CONCEPTS, PRINCIPLES, PRACTICES AND REALITIES OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
PRINCIPLES AND
PRACTICES OF PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION IN
THE PHILIPPINES
11. CRISLYN A. JAEN
CONCEPTS, PRINCIPLES, PRACTICES AND REALITIES OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
12 PRINCIPLES OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
TRANSPARENCY aims at keeping public servants in check as far
as their operations is concerned
EQUITY Public servants deal with people fromdiverse
backgrounds and all deservetheir service.
ECONOMY When researching the pillars of public
administration, economy comes in under the
banner ‘efficiency and effectiveness.
SUBSIDIARITY Due to public administration’s concern with
efficiency, effectiveness and improvement,
focus has been placed on question of formal
organization in service delivery
PLURALISM places emphasis on the disperseof power
among differenteconomic and ideological
groups
ACCOUNTABILITY As societies became moreorganized and the
controlof resources wentinto the hands of
elected governmentstructures, thepublic
became dependent on these governments for
services and quality is of importance
PARTICIPATION Public administration accepts that all people
are equal irrespectiveof their backgrounds,
ethnicity, gender and/or affiliations.
12 PRINCIPLES OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
ACCESS TO
SERVICES
For equity to be achieved, every citizen ought
to be afforded equal access to public services
such as health care, education among others.
REPRESENTATION The fundamental building block around the
principle of representation is the idea of “the
people’s will!” Itbecomes a question of, “Who
will representthe will of the people?” Are they
those who are elected by the people
themselves? Representation is not the
cornerstoneof public administrationbut it is
the cornerstoneof the entire government
system.
LEGITIMACY For legitimacy to be carried out, public
administrators should providea conducive
environmentfor adequate public involvement.
RESPONSIBILITY When looking at the pillar in the formof
Responsibility in the realmof Public
Administration, you will come across a myriad
of scholarly emphasis regarding theimportance
and reasons for responsiblecivil servants.
INTEGRITY Integrity as a principle in public administration
has more to do with one’s ethical conductmore
than anything else.
12. CRISLYN A. JAEN
CONCEPTS, PRINCIPLES, PRACTICES AND REALITIES OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
THE MAJOR
INSTITUTIONS THAT
PRACTICES PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION IN
THE PHILIPPINES
EDUCATION POLITICS
GOVERNMENT
14. ADMINISTRATION
ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND POLITICS
JENNICA T. PORRAS
- systematic process of administering the
management of a business organization, an
educational institution like school or college,
government office or any nonprofit organization.
15. MANAGEMENT
ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND POLITICS
JENNICA T. PORRAS
- is defined as an act of managing people
and their work, for achieving a common goal by using
the organization’sresources.
16. ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND POLITICS
JENNICA T. PORRAS
MANAGEMENT VS. ADMINISTRATION
BASIS FOR
COMPARISON
MANAGEMENT ADMINISTRATION
Authority Middle and Lower
Level
Top level
Concerned with Policy
Implementation
Policy Formulation
Area of
operation
It works under
administration.
It has full control over
the activities of the
organization.
Applicable to Profit making
organizations, i.e.
business
organizations.
Governmentoffices,
military, clubs,
business enterprises,
hospitals, religious
and educational
organizations.
BASIS FOR
COMPARISON
MANAGEMENT ADMINISTRATION
Decides Who will do the
work? And How will
it be done?
What should be
done? And When is
should be done?
Work Putting plans and
policies into actions.
Formulation of plans,
framing policies and
setting objectives
Focus on Managing work Making bestpossible
allocation of limited
resources.
Key person Manager Administrator
Represents Employees,who
work for
remuneration
Owners, who get a
return on the capital
invested by them.
Function Executive and
Governing
Legislative and
Determinative
17. ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND POLITICS
JENNICA T. PORRAS
POLITICS
-is derived from the Greek word polis, which
means "city.“
- the art or science concerned with winning
and holding control over a government
-way that people living in groups make
decisions
“Just because you do not take an interest in politics doesn’t mean
politics won’t take an interest in you!”
-Pericles
19. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION VS. PRIVATE ADMINISTRATION
JENNICA T. PORRAS
PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION
- is a field of study that is concerned with the
systematic application of public policies and programs
formulated by the state.
- It relates to the administrative functions
carried out by the government.
20. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION VS. PRIVATE ADMINISTRATION
JENNICA T. PORRAS
PRIVATE
ADMINISTRATION
- is defined as management and organization
of private business enterprises.
- It is an administrative function carried out
by the private individualsor a group, to earn a profit.
21. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION VS. PRIVATE ADMINISTRATION
JENNICA T. PORRAS
COMPARISON CHART
Parametersof
Comparison
Public
Administration
Private
Administration
Setup
Public
Administration is
set up by the
government
PrivateAdministration
is not set up by the
governmentinstead,
they are set up by a
group of individuals.
Approach
Public
Administration
follows a
bureaucratic
approach.
PrivateAdministration
follows an Egalitarian
approach.
Decision Making
Public
Administration
follows a Pluralistic
Approach while
decision making
Privateadministration
follows a monopolistic
approach while
decision making.
Motive/Vision
Public
administration has
a service and
welfaremotive.
Privateadministration
is profit-oriented
hence, its motive is to
maximise profits.
Parametersof
Comparison
Public
Administration
Private
Administration
Accountability
Public
Administration is
accountable to the
public within their
jurisdiction
PrivateAdministration
is accountableto its
employees.
Sourceof Revenue
Public
Administration
earns revenue
through taxes,
fines, fees, etc.
PrivateAdministration
earns revenuethrough
profits.
Remuneration of
Administrators
Administrators of a
public
administration are
paid salaries
Administrators of a
Privateadministration
earn their
remuneration through
profits
Type of Activity
Itis a political
activity.
Itis a business activity.
22. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION VS. PRIVATE ADMINISTRATION
JENNICA T. PORRAS
Which is better,
Public or Private
Administration?
