This document discusses the different degrees of comparison for adjectives in English: positive, comparative, and superlative. It explains that the positive degree is used to describe one person or thing, the comparative degree is used to compare two people or things, and the superlative degree is used to compare more than two people or things. It provides rules for forming the comparative and superlative degrees for different types of adjectives ending in -e, -y, vowels, or consonants. It also notes some adjectives that are irregular in their forms and gives examples to illustrate the different degrees of comparison.

2. By changing their form, adjectives can be used to show
comparison between two or more people, animal or things.
These different forms of the adjective are called
degrees of comparison.

3. Positive
Adjectives are of three degrees
Comparative Superlative.

4. When we talk about one person, we
use the positive degree.

9. When we compare two people or things,
we use the comparative degree.

13. When we compare more than two people
or things, we use the superlative degree.

19. For most adjectives, we add er to make the comparative degree and est to
make the superlative degree.
For example,
Positive
great
sweet
Comparative
greater
sweeter
Superlative
greatest
sweetest

20. When the adjective ends in e, we add r to make the comparative degree
and st to make the superlative degree.
For example:
Positive
large
brave
Comparative
larger
braver
Superlative
largest
bravest

21. For an adjective that ends in a consonant and y, we replace y with ier
for the comparative degree and iest for the superlative degree.
For example
Positive
happy
lovely
Comparative
happier
lovelier
Superlative
happiest
loveliest

22. For an adjective that ends in a vowel and y, we add er for the comparative
degree and est for the superlative degree.
For example
Positive
grey
gay
Comparative
greyer
gayer
Superlative
greyest
gayest

23. For an adjective that has a consonant + vowel + consonant pattern, we double
the last consonant.
For example
Positive
big
sad
Comparative
bigger
sadder
Superlative
biggest
saddest

24. Adjectives that end in ed, ing, ful, ous, er, ive take more to form the comparative
degree and most for the superlative degree.
For example
Positive
learned
charming
famous
beautiful
Comparative
more learned
more charming
more famous
more beautiful
Superlative
most learned
most charming
most famous
most beautiful

25. Some adjectives do not follow any rule. For example
Positive
good
bad
little
much
many
far distance)
far
old
old
Comparative
better
worse
less
more
more
farther
further
older
elder
Superlative
best
worst
least
most
most
farthest
furthest
oldest
eldest

26. Read these sentences.
• Ravi is as clever as Sheela.
• Delhi is as hot as Jaipur.
• Dehradun is as congested as Delhi.
The comparative as...as expresses that two people or things are similar.
Now, read these sentences.
• Priya is not as clever as Sheela.
• Mussoorie is not as hot as Jaipur.
• Landour is not as congested as Delhi.
The comparative not as... as expresses that two people or things are not similar.

27. COMPARATIVE WITH
as.... as/ not as.... as
When comparing the attributes of two things, we use a
standard set of constructions.
WHEN ATTRIBUTES ARE EQUAL
Comparing equal attributes is simple. To compare the attributes of two things that
are equal, we use the pattern.
EXAMPLES
•Tom is as tall as his brother.
•I am as hungry as you are.
•Sally is as nice as Jane.
As+ adjective the attribute + as