study and optimization of milli volt drop in electrode contact at cell house

1. Name: Mahesh Meena
Project Guide: Sunil Goswami
Department: Chemical Engineering
Period of Internship: 30days
Project Review Presentation

2. Brief Background
.
Educational
● B.Tech - chemical engineering (National Institute of Technology
Agartala)

3. Introduction of HZL
• Hindustan Zinc Limited (HZL) is an integrated mining and producer of zinc ,
lead , silver and cadmium.
• On 10th January 1966 Hindustan Zinc Limited was declared as a Public
Sector Undertaking.
• HZL is world’s lowest cost zinc producer.
• HZL operates world’s 3rd largest open pit mine and world’s largest zinc mine
in Rampura Agucha, Rajasthan.
• HZL annually produces 10,00,000 tonnes of refined Zinc and Lead.

4. Safety
• Always wear shoes, helmet, and seat belts.
• Always wear PPE
• Always take permits.
• Always not drink alcohol, And another weeds pan masala.
• Always report incidents accident.
• Always follow zebra crossing and yellow line.

5. Basic process of plant
1. Roaster Plant
2. Leaching Plant
3. Purification
4. Cell House
5. Melting And Casting

6. Cell House
Zinc is extracted from the purified zinc sulfate solution by electro winning, which is
a specialized form of electrolysis. The process works by passing an electric current
through the solution in a series of cells. This causes the zinc to deposit on the
cathodes (aluminum sheets) and oxygen to form at the anodes. Every 24 to 48
hours, each cell is shut down, the zinc-coated cathodes are removed and rinsed,
and the zinc is mechanically stripped from the aluminum plates.
Electrolysis:- the passage of a direct electric current through an ionic
substance that is either molten or dissolved in a suitable solvent, resulting
in chemical reactions at electrodes and separation of materials.

7. Cell house anode and cathode

8. PROJECT
study and optimization of mV
drop at electrodes contact in
cell house

9. Parameters affecting of Voltage
• Purity of Electrolyte
• High Electrolyte Temp
• Poor Flow Distribution
• Electrolyte Composition
• Acid/Zn Ratio
• Poor Current Distribution
• Poor Contact between Bus Bar and Electrodes
• Short Circuit
• Bent Electrode
• Electrode Contact with Anode Mud

10. Important definition and lows
Volt :-
The standard unit of potential difference and electromotive force in SI
units.
Its define to be the difference of electric potential between two point of
conductors at a constant current.
millivolt(mV) is sub unit of volt
Ohm‘s law can be used to verify voltage drop in a DC circuit,
V=IR
Kirchhoff‘s circuit laws state that in any DC circuit, the sum of
the voltage drops across each component of the circuit is equal to
the supply voltage.

11. Factor of millivolt Drop
1.Power Changing
•Dc current supply
• At high current supply in cell, Cell voltage is high
• At current is high, millivolt drop at electrode is high
Cell
no.
Current
(kamp)
Millivolt at
cathode
Millivolt at
anode
Cell voltage
18 B-5 15.7 48 17 3.25
21 A-3 15.2 37 7.1 3.24
18 B-5 12.9 36.5 10.1 3.1
21 A-3 12.9 20 5 3.09

12. 2.Temperature
The effect of temperature on voltage depends on two factors
1. Temperature variation
2. Material that acts as resistance
• Generally it is seen that the voltage decreases by increasing the
temperature and this is not a direct effect on voltage. The effect of
temperature on voltage is an indirect effect which is associated with
other properties of the material (conductor or semiconductor)
which changes accordingly with the temperature.
•Temperature increasing by the reaction of heat in cell

13. 3. Washing/cleaning
• When washing of electrode, millivolt drop decreases
• net cell voltage decreases
• temperature of solution also decrease
4. vacant electrode
• when absent electrode(normally one hanger) cell voltage decrease
and milli volt drop for electrode also decrease
• temperature of cell also decrease
Cascade
no.
washing mV at
anode
mV at
cathode
Cell volt
43 A-5 before 22.9 24.9 3.21
43 A-5 After 16.4 16.1 3.13

14. 5. Size:-
different size of base bar
• more the size of base bar, less the millivolt drop
at electrode contact
• Good contact between bas bar and electrode
different size of electrode
we have two sizes of electrode
1. 0.72 m2 2. 0.66 m2
• if more area of electrode, millivolt drop is more
Cell no Size of
Base bar
(cm)
21 A-1 1.6, 3.4, 1.9,
0.4
21 A-2 1.5, 2.7, 1.2
32 A-2 3.1, 3.4, 3.0

15. Contribution During the Internship
Project Assigned Action Plan Outcome Learning
Study and
optimization of mV
drop at electrode
contact in cell house
Daily basis go to cell
house and collect the
all data
Decrease the millivolt How to voltage drop
decreasing

16. Conclusion
• As the current increases , the MV drop increases & vice versa
cell 18-B (5) 1st cathode : current : 14.6Kamp. MV drop : 31.6
current : 15.7 kamp. MV drop : 48
• washing and cleaning significantly reduces the MV drop.
Cell 41-A(5) last cathode : Before washing MV drop : 49.4
After Washing MV drop : 24.9
Percentage increase = 49.59 %

17. Internship Experience
It was a wonderful experience with Mr.
Sunil Goswami. He guided me
throughout the project and helped me
in data collection. He helped me in
deep understanding about ZE process.

18. Thanks