NIOSOMES: A REVIEW

1. NIOSOMES
A NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Presented By
Mahboob Alam
Student of M.PHARM 1ST SEM.
(Pharmaceutics)
ISFCP,MOGA

2. CONTENT
 INTRODUCTION
 GENERAL CHRACTERSTIC
 TYPES
 METHOD OF PREPRATION
 EVALUATION PARAMETERS
 ADVANTAGES
 DISADVANTAGES
 MARKETED PRODUCTS
 APPLICATION

3. INTRODUCTION
 Definition; Non-ionic surfactant based vesicles.
Nios = Non ionic surfactant
Somes = vesicles
 Very small & microscopic in size.
 Vesicles are prepared from self assembly of hydrated non ionic surfactant molecule.
 Different types of surfactants at variable combinations and molar ratios are used to form
niosomes. Examples of surfactants include alkyl ethers, alkyl glyceryl ethers, sorbitan fatty
acid esters, and polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters.
 It delivers drug directly to the site of action, leading to reduction of drug toxicity with no
adverse effects.

4. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
 Biocompatible
 Biodegradable
 Non-toxic
 Non immunogenic
 Non carcinogenic
 High resistance to hydrolytic degradation
The properties of niosomes depends on both composition of the bilayer & on method of
their production.

5. STRUCTURE
 Hydrophobic drugs localized in hydrophobic lamella.
 Hydrophilic drugs localized in encapsulated
aqueous region.

7. METHOD OF PREPARATION

8. HAND SHAKING METHOD

9. SONICATION METHOD

14. EVALUATION PARAMETERS
 % Entrapment efficiency (%EE)
 Size, Shape, Morphology
Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM)
Freeze Fractured Microscopy
Optical Microscopy Technique
 In Vitro Release Study
 Stability Study
 Number of Lamellae
 Membrane Rigidity
 Vesicular Surface Charge

15. ADVANTAGES
 Targeted drug delivery.
 Reduction in dose.
 Decrease in side effects.
 Both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs can be encapsulated.
 Improve therapeutic efficacy.
 Osmotically active and stable.
 Improve oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drug.
 Enhance the skin permeability when applied topically.
 Can be use through various routes eg. oral, parentral, topically, ocular etc.
 The bilayer of niosomes protect the enclosed drug from various factors present both
inside and outside the body.

16. DISADVANTAGES
 Physicochemical instability
 Time consuming
 Requires specialized equipment
 Insufficient drug loading
 Aggregation
 Fusion

17. MARKETED PRODUCT
 Lancome has come out with a variety of anti-ageing products which are based on noisome
formulations.
 L ”Oreal is also conducting research on anti-ageing cosmetic products.

18. APPLICATION
 Leishmaniasis
 Oncology
 Immunological adjuvants
 Oral drug delivery system
 Transdermal
 Diagnostic imaging