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www.lumostech.training
@lumos_tech
Rick Radko Jasmine Vesque
@r3designforge @jasminevesque
Introduction to WordPress
June 16th, 2016

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Rick Radko – R-Cubed Design Forge
 Software, web and app designer/developer, trainer, speaker.
 Creating custom web sites since 1996, and WordPress sites
since 2008.
Jasmine Vesque – Digital & Design Officer, MI
 Digital marketer, teacher, speaker, web & graphic designer.
 Web evangelist helping people share their stories and ideas
online since 2009.
We're:
 Co-organizers of: WordCamp Ottawa 2013, 2014, 2016.
 Co-organizers of: The Ottawa WordPress Group.
 LumosTech - www.lumostech.training
Slides are posted at: slideshare.net/lumostech
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We are:

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WordPress is feature rich:
 Ask questions.
 Everyone was new to WordPress at one time.
 WordPress is the easiest CMS to use.
Goals for this session:
 Familiarization for WordCamp
 Terms
 Features
 Concepts
 Visual aspects
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Learning about WordPress

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1. About WordPress
2. WordPress site orientation
3. Posts and pages
4. The settings panel
5. Menus
Break
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Contents - Part 1

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6. Widgets
7. Resources
8. Plugins
9. Themes
10. Users
11. Maintenance
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Contents - Part 2

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About WordPress

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WordPress:
 Is a dynamic Content Management System. (CMS)
 A tool to help you build a website.
Like Google Docs, Microsoft Word, OpenOffice,
LibreOffice or Pages that help you create documents.
 Displays web pages (HTML) dynamically.
 Users need no knowledge of: HTML, PHP,
JavaScript etc. (for basic content)
 WYSIWYG editor to help create content easily.
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What is WordPress?

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Looks similar to a lot of word processing applications.
 This image shows the WordPress post editor with an
extended editor plugin added (TinyMCE Advanced)
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WordPress is WYSIWYG

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WordPress:
 The first version of WordPress was released May
27, 2003
 Is currently the most popular CMS in use on the
Internet.
 Runs millions of websites.
 Stats suggest that WordPress sites represent:
25% of the worlds websites.
60% of CMS based websites.
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What is WordPress continued…

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Sites using WordPress – wordpress.org showcase

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3 different WordPress versions:
 Hosted on wordpress.com
1. Single site
Often referred to as “.com” WordPress.
 Self Hosted from wordpress.org
2. Single site (default version)
3. Network or Multisite
 We need to be aware of which one we are talking
about, reading about or using, there are some
differences.
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WordPress versions

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Wordpress.com is a service (by Automattic)
 They provide:
 WordPress and hosting
WordPress needs a web server, PHP and MySQL to run.
 Free service restricted to URL's:
<somename>.wordpress.com
 Has limitations compared to self hosted:
 Added costs for customizing
 Limited ability to customize
Many things covered in this presentation you can’t do
on wordpress.com – like add plugins
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wordpress.com

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 Home of the open source version of WordPress.
 Free!
 Just download it
 Needs a web server with PHP and MySQL to run.
 Hosting service for public sites.
 Local server to run it on your pc/laptop
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wordpress.org

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 Costs! - Some things that may not be free:
 A web host (sever)
 A domain (your website address)
 Some WordPress / Web knowledge
 Add-on themes and plugins
 Limitations: None!
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wordpress.org - Is it really free?

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 You can add plugins to make your site:
 Multilingual. (numerous techniques & plugins)
 a social site like Facebook. (BuddyPress)
 You can add plugins to add:
 Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Flickr connections.
 a forum. (bbpress + others)
 much, much, more. (1000’s of plugins available)
 Add themes to change the look and sometimes add
function. (1000’s of themes available)
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wordpress.org customizing

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Caveat:
 The more extensive the customization, the more
WordPress knowledge that is required.
 Many free resources to help:
wordpress.org (more later)
Other online resources.
 Some low cost resources:
WordPress meet-ups.
WordCamps.
Books.
 May need to hire a WordPress expert.
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wordpress.org customizing

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The third version of WordPress is multisite
(network).
 Was once known as WPMU, a separate program.
 Allows multiple websites on one install.
 It is not obvious to users that it is one install.
 What wordpress.com runs.
 Needs some knowledge to set-up.
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wordpress.org networks or multisite

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Install WordPress

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WordPress needs to be installed on a web server in
order to use it:
 Lots of install guides – not going to cover installing
here, it’s a whole session in itself.
 codex.wordpress.org/Installing_WordPress
This presentation is based on a .org install.
 Some of what we do will work on wordpress.com
but many things may look/be different.
 Things like installing plugins and themes will not
work.
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Installing WordPress

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WordPress site orientation
464646

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 The "public"
part of the
site that
your site
visitors see.
 Default:
Twenty
Sixteen
theme.
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WordPress front-end
WordPress has 2 interfaces for users: the front-end

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WordPress back-end or “dashboard”
 This is private space where you manage the site.
To see the dashboard:
 login at:
<your-domain>/login
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WordPress back-end, admin or “dashboard”

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After logging in you will arrive at the dashboard.
 On a brand new site, you will see the welcome box.
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Welcome message

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Many pages have options for what is shown.
 Click on the “screen options” tab (upper right).
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Screen options tab

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Select what you want to see, un-tick the rest.
 In the case of the main Dashboard page, you can
even bring back the welcome screen here.
Look for screen options on each admin page:
 Options change for each page.
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Screen options

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Beside the screen options tab there is a “help” tab
on every page – again it is context sensitive.
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Help tab

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The drop down help tab has:
 On the left side:
 General WordPress help.
 May have added help from plugins and/or themes.
 On the right side:
 links to the official WordPress documentation and
support areas.
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The help tab

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On the left side of the admin screen is the main
navigation menu:
 Access all your
content.
 Control
WordPress
settings.
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Main navigation

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The admin tool bar:
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The tool bar

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Front end tool bar
 Very similar to admin tool bar, some items are the
same.
 Only shows if you are logged in.
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The tool bar

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Posts and pages

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Posts and pages are the basic content holders for a
WordPress site.
 Posts:
 Individual pieces of a collection of content.
Usually used for blogs or similar types of content.
 Each content piece is associated with a date:
URL: your-domain/2008/11/30/post-title.
 Posts have categories and tags.
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Posts and pages

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 Can be displayed many ways (dynamic):
Usually listed in reverse chronological order.
Sticky posts. (show at the top, need theme support)
Archives, by date, by author.
Categories and tags.
 Many different sidebar widgets can be used to create
lists and indices to posts, or collections of posts
indexed in various manners.
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Posts

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Post display

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 Sidebar here is
the same as the
posts listing page,
but it could be
different.
 Comments are
shown with box
to add a new
comment
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Single post display

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Pages:
 Are individual static stand alone content blocks.
 Good for things like an About page.
 (any web site pages)
 Usually in site menus.
 Do not use tags or categories.
 Not tied to date.
 URL: domainname.com/page-title/
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Pages

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 Only one way to
display the page.
 May have
sidebar.
 No date, tags or
category
information on
page.
 May have
comments
section.
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Page display

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In the dashboard -> select “Add New” from the
Posts menu item.
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Creating a post (or a page) is really easy

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Create a new post: 1, 2, 3!

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A new post!

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We can also:
 Add categories and tags to the posts.
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Other post related items

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We can also change publishing options:
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More post related items (and pages too)
 Published/Review/Draft
 Publishing dates
and future publishing.
 Visibility and passwords.

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We can also:
 Add images and other media including videos.
 Click the add media button to upload images
 As of 3.9 you can simply drag an image onto the
editor area and the image uploader will launch.
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Pictures and videos

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 Just drag a file on to the page.
 If you dragged an image onto the editor, this step is skipped.
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Insert Media

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The image uploader has a few options:
 Add or
change the
title, alt text
and captions.
 Change what
it links to.
 Change the
image size
and the
alignment.
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Image options

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Uploaded image is now in editor
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The added image

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Go to YouTube:
 Get the share link.
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Add a YouTube video

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Paste the share link in your post or page
 and the video should automagically appear!
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Add a YouTube video

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A post with videos and images
 If you want more
control over the
video display,
you can add the
embed code in
the TEXT view.
 The bottom
video was added
by using the
embed code.

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Use TEXT view to:
 Embed HTML code like YouTube snippets.
 Change the HTML directly, sometimes needed to
get things just right.
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TEXT view

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“Toolbar Toggle” shows second row for editor:
 A few more editing options.
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The Toolbar Toggle

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You can compose in MS Word or Excel and paste
into WordPress, but:
 There can be issues with formatting
 Word adds a lot of junk to it’s HTML.
 Use the paste as text mode.
 You may loose formatting, tables, lists etc
 do final layout/formatting in WordPress.
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Pasting from Word/Excel

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 Editing
pages
is almost
the same
as for a
post.
 Some
options
on right
side are
different.
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Editing pages

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 To change hierarchy, you change the page parent.
 Can be important for URL structure. (permalinks)
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Pages can have hierarchy

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Displays a list of your pages or posts.
 Pages listing shows hierarchy.
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The "All posts" or "All pages" list

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 Posts listing shows categories, tags and comment
count columns.
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The "All posts" or "All pages" list

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Change the number of items shown

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 The "Quick Editor" is a feature on the listing pages.
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Quick editor

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 You can change many of the page (and posts)
settings using the "Quick Editor".
 Can be much faster!
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Quick editor

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WordPress settings panel

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How do we change the site title or tagline?
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Site title and tagline

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Change the title and tagline
 Settings -> General page.
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General settings

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 There are quite a few other important options here.
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General settings

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Reading Settings have a section for setting the
front page display: "Home" page.
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Settings - Font Page Display

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Permalinks settings change the way the URL is
displayed.
 Default sample page permalink:
 http://your-domain/?page_id=2
 Default child page permalink:
 http:// your-domain/?page_id=36
 Default post permalink:
 http:// your-domain/?p=4
 Not very “pretty” or readable, Google does not like
them either! No hierarchy for child page.
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Permalinks

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 Here, month and name is set - common choice.
 There is also a custom box where you can edit the
permalink
if you need
something
unusual.
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Settings - permalinks

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The sample page is now:
 http://your-domain/sample-page
The child page is now:
 http://your-domain/sample-page/sample-child-page
 It shows the hierarchy (if a page parent was set)
Our post is now:
 http://your-domain/2012/05/hello-wpottawa
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The URL’s with permalinks

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You can override permalinks – use edit
 If you change your title, you should consider
updating the permalink.
 Note: if you change the permalink, you may want to
add a redirect for the old url.
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Permalink also shows in editor

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Menus

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 For some themes, default menus are created from
the page list.
 Hierarchy and order are taken from the page list,
with home added at the start.
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Menus

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Under Appearance there is a Menus tab
 Need admin privileges.
 Need a theme support.
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The menu system - the easier way to menus

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Build the menu

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Drag and drop items to change order and hierarchy
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Rearrange the menu

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There may be several choices for menu location.
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Setting the theme location

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The new menu
 Independent of the page order and hierarchy.
 Dropdown for the child page
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The new menu

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Widgets

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Widgets are tools
or content items
that you can add,
arrange, and
remove from the
widgetized areas
of your theme.
The most common
widgetized area is
the sidebars.
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Widgets

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Widgets started in sidebars…
 Now themes can have many areas for them:
 Sidebars
 Headers, footers
 Special page spaces.
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Widgets can be anywhere a theme defines them

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Twenty Ten had 6
widget areas.
 4 in the footer
 2 in the sidebar
 Empty areas
are usually
hidden
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Widget locations

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The Widgets admin is under the Appearance menu.
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Managing widgets

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Add a social links widget to the sidebar.
 A plugin (Follow Us Badges) was added to add this
widget to WordPress.
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Add a widget

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Added social link widget

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Resources

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wordpress.org, the official source for all things
WordPress. (wordpress.org)
 Theme repository – get free and commercial
themes.
 Plugin repository – get plugins.
 The “codex”. (documentation)
 Support forums – get help.
Also WordPress TV: WordCamp and other videos
 wordpress.tv
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wordpress.org

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 WordPress icon on top left of the admin bar has
several links to useful WordPress help resources.
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WordPress Help

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 1000’s of
themes
available.
 Themes
are
reviewed
before
release.
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wordpress.org – theme repository

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 1000’s of
plugins.
 Currently
plugins
are not
reviewed.
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wordpress.org – plugin repository

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The “codex”: from basics to code documentation.
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wordpress.org – documentation

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The “support” forums.
 Seek help with WordPress, theme and plugin issues.
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wordpress.org – forums

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Google WordPress + some topic
 Caution, many articles are out of date and may no
longer be relevant.
Books:
 Lots of books, make sure it’s current.
 Print editions are usually not current.
 Tao of WordPress is a great ebook for beginners.
 Digging into WordPress is a also great ebook, but
may not be for absolute beginners. Lots of articles
on their blog.
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Other help

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WordCamps:
 “WordCamp is a conference that focuses on
everything WordPress.” – WordCamp Central
 Montreal: July 23-24, 2016.
 Toronto: Aug 6-7, 2016.
 All sorts of WordCamps world wide:
central.wordcamp.org
 WordPress Meetup Groups:
 Ottawa, Montreal, Toronto, and other cities.
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Other help

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Plugins

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The plugins page shows plugins installed on the site.
 Can't add plugins if you are using wordpress.com.
 You can only enable/disable which ones you are
using, and change settings.
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Plugins Page

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 Search wordpress.org for plugins based on
keywords, or name.
 Example: TinyMCE Advanced
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Adding plugins

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The search results:
 Plugins matching the keywords are shown.
 Descriptions, ratings, last updates and compatibility
are shown for each plugin.
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Add plugins search results

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Install TinyMCE advanced.
 A good idea to back up the site first!
 Click the install.
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Install

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A screen showing the install status will appear.
 Some plugins will auto-activate, most you need to
activate.
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Install status

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TinyMCE Advanced installed and active
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Plugin listing

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 A new menu item has been created for the settings
page for TinyMCE advanced.
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TinyMCE settings

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Plugins usually (and are supposed to) create option
pages under the Settings menu item.
 Some plugins create menu items in almost any
other section.
 Tools, Dashboard, and sometimes Plugins are
common spots for hiding settings pages.
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Plugin Settings

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ALWAYS BACKUP FIRST!!!
 Updates are easy, just click the link.
 Updates can break your site, back-ups make it easy
to undo.
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Updating plugins

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Can update plugins using the WordPress updater
 Again BACKUP FIRST!
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Update plugins in the WordPress updater

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Choose plugins with:
 good download volume.
 recent updates.
 responses in the forums.
 high ratings.
 good compatibility ratings.
Where do you find this information?
 Some of it was on the plugin search listing.
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Finding/Choosing plugins

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The details view gives more of it.
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Details view

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Details view
 Some more plugin
info, but still not
everything - use the
link to the repository
for full listing.
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Details display

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 All of the information
is in the plugin
repository.
 Look at the last
updated date.
 Check compatibility.
 Is it popular?
(downloads)
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Choosing plugins

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Signs there may be problems
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A plugin with issues
 No support – 5 weeks no
answer.
 There will always be some
broken reports, but more
broken than works is not
good.

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 A well respected
and rated and
popular plugin.
 Note there are still
issues…
 Look at over-all,
not absolutes
when evaluating.
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A good plugin

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Backup:
 Good ones automate off-server backups.
Google Analytics:
 Add options like excluding admin traffic from stats.
 Some have dashboard summaries of stats.
 Some add advanced tracking and tagging features.
Security:
 Block brute force login, and other attacks.
 Scan for malware.
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Suggested plugins

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There are many plugins not on the wordpress.org
repository.
 Many of those plugins are very good.
 Most good plugins not on the repository are
commercial.
 Many are not good, and may even contain malware.
 http://blog.sucuri.net/2012/02/new-wordpress-
toolspack-plugin.html
*plugins on the repository are not guaranteed to be
clean, but malware is usually spotted quickly by users
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Beware of unknown plugins

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 Remove all unused plugins from your site, they can
be a security issue.
 The Timthumb vulnerability did not need to have the
plugin be active in order to be exploited
 Keep plugins, even inactive ones up to date!
 Install a backup plugin AND USE IT!!!
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Plugin final notes

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Themes

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A theme defines the look and feel of your site.
 Sets the graphics, colors.
 Sets the widget locations.
 Defines column layout.
 Can be changed relatively easily.
 Beware lock-in.
 Cannot add themes when using wordpress.com.
 You can:
Choose one of the installed themes.
Change settings.
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Themes

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Theme: Twenty Sixteen

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Theme: Twenty Fifteen

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Theme: Twenty Fourteen

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Note that the
while the site
looks different,
the content and
widgets are the
same.
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Theme: Travel Blogger (no longer available)

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Some themes have
very sophisticated
home pages.
 Neither posts or
pages are shown.
 All content is in
options for the
theme.
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Theme driven front page

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The theme admin page: (Appearance -> Themes)
 Click the add new button to add themes.
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Adding/managing themes

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Add Themes Page: Featured themes.
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Finding a new theme: Feature filter
 Select some search parameters.
 Searches all themes on wordpress.org
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Results

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Keyword search results
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Gives some
information
about the
theme, and
a preview of
what it looks
like.
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Details view

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Many themes
now need
setup to look
as expected,
and don't
work out of
the box.
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Details view

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As with plugins:
 You get more detail
on wordpress.org.
 But there is still
less info than for
plugins.
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Theme repository

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Choosing themes is less clear than plugins.
 You need it:
 to look good for you.
 have the features you want.
 have support:
check the forums.
check the last update date.
 be good/reliable:
check the ratings.
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Adding/managing themes

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Install a theme
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Adding/managing themes

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Success
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Installing the theme

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Live Preview
 See the
theme
before
activating on
site.
 Change
settings for
theme.
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Live Preview

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Customize option on the current theme
 Goes to same place as "Live Preview".
 Change theme, and other settings.
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Theme Options

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Theme Customizer

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Many good commercial themes are not on
wordpress.org.
 iThemes
 WooThemes
 Studiopress
 Elegant Themes
 Freelance themes on Theme Forest
 and more….
 Beware free themes not from wordpress.org
 Google “Free WordPress Themes” and you are
guaranteed to find yourself some malware.
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Themes not on wordpress.org

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For a theme that is not on wordpress.org
 Use the upload theme button.
 Upload a .zip of the theme to be installed.
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Upload theme

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If you need to modify a theme's code:
 You should use a child theme to modify themes.
 If you alter the theme files without a child theme:
 You will loose your changes if the theme is updated.
 Can't update to get security fixes.
 Not too hard to create a child theme:
 Write your own from examples.
codex.wordpress.org/Child_Themes
OR
 Add a plugin - there are several on wordpress.org.
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Final notes for themes

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Users

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Standard WordPress User Levels
Least to most powerful:
 Subscriber
 Can not edit or change anything
 Comment only
 Contributor
 Author
 Editor
 Admin - can do anything!
 Super Admin – Networks (multisite) only
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User levels

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Subscriber
 Can only manage their profile and comment.
Contributor
 Can write and manage their posts but not publish
them + all Subscriber capabilities.
Author
 Can publish and manage their own posts + all
Contributor capabilities.
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User roles

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Editor
 Can publish and manage posts and pages as well
as manage other users' posts, etc. + all Author
capabilities.
Administrator
 Access to all the administration features + all Editor
capabilities.
Super Admin
 Access to the blog network administration features
controlling the entire network + all Administrator
capabilities.
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User roles

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Remove any user called "admin" if you have one.
 Subject to brute force attacks
Do not use your administrator account on public
wifi if possible.
 Use a lower level account
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User security issues

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Maintenance

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Keep your site up to date
 WordPress, Plugins and Themes
 All have bug updates, security patches and new
feature releases.
 Not keeping up to date increases the risk of hacking
substantially.
 Before you update anything – make a backup!
Can’t emphasize this enough.
Often neglected.
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Maintenance

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The End

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© 2016 www.lumostech.training
Rick Radko
 email: rick@lumostech.ca
 twitter: @r3designforge
Jasmine Vesque
 email: jasmine@lumostech.ca
 twitter: @jasmineVesque
Slides at:
 www.slideshare.net/lumostech
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Contact