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Introduction to WordPress
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Introduction to WordPress
1.
www.lumostech.training @lumos_tech Rick Radko Jasmine
Vesque @r3designforge @jasminevesque Introduction to WordPress May 1st, 2014
2.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Rick
Radko – R-Cubed Design Forge Software, web and app designer/developer, trainer, speaker. Creating custom web sites since 1996, and WordPress sites since 2008. Jasmine Vesque – Freelance Web Specialist Digital marketer, consultant, teacher, speaker, web and graphic designer. Helping people share their stories and ideas since 2009. We're: Co-organizers of: WordCamp Ottawa 2013, 2014. Co-organizers of: The Ottawa WordPress Group. Launching LumosTech - www.lumostech.training Slides are posted at: slideshare.net/lumostech 1 We are:
3.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training WordPress
is BIG, lots of features: Take small bites! Ask questions. Everyone was new to WordPress at one time. Goals for this session: Familiarization for WordCamp Terms Features Concepts Visuals 2 Learning about WordPress
4.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training 1.
About WordPress 2. WordPress site orientation 3. Posts and pages 4. The settings panel 5. Menus Break 6. Widgets 7. Resources 8. Plugins 9. Themes 10. Maintenance & SPAM 3 Contents
5.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
4 About WordPress
6.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training WordPress:
Is a dynamic content management system. (CMS) A tool to help you build a website. Like Microsoft Word, Open Office or Pages help you create documents. Creates web pages (HTML) dynamically For basic usage it requires minimal knowledge of web programming or markup languages (HTML, PHP, JavaScript etc.). Allows users to create website content easily WYSIWYG editor. 5 What is WordPress?
7.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Looks
similar to a lot of word processing applications. This image shows the WordPress post editor with an extended editor plugin added (TinyMCE Advanced) 6 WordPress is WYSIWYG
8.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training WordPress:
The first version of WordPress was released May 27, 2003 Is currently the most popular CMS in use on the Internet. Runs millions of websites. Stats suggest WordPress sites represent as much as 25% of the worlds websites. Needs a web server with PHP and MySQL to run. Hosting service for public sites. Local server to run it on your pc/laptop. 7 What is WordPress continued…
9.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
8 Sites using WordPress – wordpress.org showcase
10.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training WordPress
is free: The core WordPress software is free: As in open source. Freedom to use it as you want, even to change it. As in $$$. But that does not necessarily mean a free website. Possible expenses: Domain names. Hosting. Plugins. Themes. 9 Is it really free?
11.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training 3
different WordPresses: WordPress.com 1. Often referred to as “.com” WordPress. Note: This not at all related to using or not using “.com” domains for your website. WordPress.org 2. Regular 3. Network or Multisite We need to be aware of which one we are talking about, reading about or using, there are some differences. 10 WordPress versions
12.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training WordPress.com
is a service (by Automattic) They provide WordPress AND hosting Free for basic site: somename.wordpress.com Has limitations compared to self hosted: Added costs for customizing Limited ability to customize Many things covered in this presentation you can’t do on WordPress.com – like add plugins 11 WordPress.com
13.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
Home of the open source version of WordPress. Free! – Just download it Related things that may cost: A web host (self-hosted) A domain Some WordPress / Web knowledge Limitations: None! 12 WordPress.org
14.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
You can add plugins to make your site: Multilingual. (numerous techniques & plugins) a social site like Facebook. (BuddyPress) You can add plugins to add: Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Flickr connections. a forum. (bbpress + others) much, much, more. (1000’s of plugins available) Add themes to change the look and sometimes add function. (1000’s of themes available) 13 WordPress.org customizing
15.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Caveat:
The more extensive the customization, the more WordPress knowledge that is required. Many free resources to help: WordPress.org (we’ll talk about today) Other online resources. Some low cost resources: This and other WordPress meet-ups. WordCamps. Books. May need to hire a WordPress expert. 14 WordPress.org customizing
16.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training The
third version of WordPress is multisite (network). Was once known as WPMU, a separate program. Allows multiple websites on one install. It need not be obvious to users that it is one install. Limited version of what WordPress.com runs. Needs some knowledge to set-up. 15 WordPress.org networks or multisite
17.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
16 Install WordPress
18.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training WordPress
needs to be installed on a web server in order to use it: Lots of install guides – not going to cover installing here, it’s a whole session in itself. http://codex.wordpress.org/Installing_WordPress This presentation is based on a .org install. Some of what we do will work on wordpress.com but many things may look/be different. Things like installing plugins and themes will not work. 17 Installing WordPress
19.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
18 WordPress site orientation 464646
20.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
The part of the site that your site visitors see. "public" part of your site. Default Twenty Fourteen theme. 19 WordPress front-end WordPress has 2 interfaces for users: the front-end
21.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
20 WordPress Twenty Thirteen theme
22.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
21 WordPress Twenty Twelve theme
23.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training WordPress
back-end or “dashboard” Where you manage the site. 22 WordPress back-end, admin or “dashboard”
24.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training How
do we get to the dashboard? login at: <your-domain>/wp-login.php 23 Logging in
25.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training After
logging in you will arrive at the dashboard. The dashboard, with welcome, on a brand new site. 24 Welcome message
26.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Many
pages have options for what is shown. Click on the “screen options” tab (upper right). 25 Screen options tab
27.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Select
what you want to see, un-tick the rest. In the case of the main Dashboard page, you can even bring back the welcome screen here. Look for screen options on each admin page: Options change for each page. 26 Screen options
28.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Beside
the screen options tab there is a “help” tab on every page – again it is context sensitive. 27 Help tab
29.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training The
drop down help tab has: On the left side: General WordPress help. May have added help from plugins and/or themes. On the right side: links to the official WordPress documentation and support areas. 28 The help tab
30.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training On
the left side of the admin screen is the main navigation menu: Access all your content. Control WordPress settings. 29 Main navigation
31.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training The
admin tool bar: 30 The tool bar
32.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Front
end tool bar Very similar to admin tool bar, most items are the same. Only shows if you are logged in. 31 The tool bar
33.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
32 Posts and pages
34.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Posts
and pages are the basic content holders for a WordPress site. Posts: Individual pieces of a collection of content. Usually used for blogs or similar types of content. Each content piece is associated with a date: URL: your-domain/2008/11/30/post-title. Posts have categories and tags. 33 Posts and pages
35.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
Can be displayed many ways (dynamic): Usually listed in reverse chronological order. Sticky posts. (show at the top, need theme support) Archives, by date, by author. Categories and tags. Many different sidebar widgets can be used to create lists and indices to posts, or collections of posts indexed in various manners. 34 Posts
36.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
35 Post display
37.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
Sidebar here is the same as the listing page, but it could be different. Comments are shown with box to add a new comment 36 Single post display
38.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Pages:
Are individual static stand alone content blocks. Good for things like an About page. (any web site pages) Usually in site menus. Do not use tags or categories. Not tied to date. URL: domainname.com/page-title/ 37 Pages
39.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
Only one way to display the page. May have sidebar. No date, tags or category information on page. May have comments section. 38 Page display
40.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training In
the dashboard -> select “Add New” from the Posts menu item. 39 Creating a post (or a page) is really easy
41.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
40 Create a new post: 1, 2, 3!
42.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
41 A new post!
43.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training We
can also: Add categories and tags to the posts. 42 Other post related items
44.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training We
can also change publishing options: 43 More post related items (and pages too) Published/Review/Draft Publishing dates and future publishing. Visibility and passwords.
45.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training We
can also: Add images and other media including videos. Click the add media button to upload images As of 3.9 you can simply drag an image onto the editor area and the image uploader will launch. 44 Pictures and videos
46.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
Just drag a file on to the page. If you dragged an image onto the editor, this step is skipped. 45 Insert Media
47.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training The
image uploader has a few options: Add or change the title, alt text and captions. Change what it links to. Change the image size and the alignment. 46 Image options
48.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Uploaded
image is now in editor 47 The added image
49.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Go
to YouTube: Get the share link. 48 Add a YouTube video
50.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Paste
the share link in your post or page. 49 Add a YouTube video
51.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
50 A post with videos and images If you want more control over the video display, you can add the embed code in the TEXT view. The bottom video was added by using the embed code.
52.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Use
TEXT view to: Embed HTML code like YouTube snippets. Change the HTML directly, sometimes needed to get things just right. 51 TEXT view
53.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training “kitchen
sink” button shows second row for editor: A few more editing options. 52 The kitchen sink
54.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
53 Editor size
55.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training You
can edit in MS Word or Excel and paste into WordPress, but: There can be issues with formatting – Word adds a lot of junk to it’s HTML. Use the paste as text mode. You may loose formatting, tables, lists etc – do final layout/formatting in WordPress. 54 Pasting from Word/Excel
56.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
Editing pages is almost the same as for a post. Some options on right side are different. 55 Pages
57.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Displays
a list of your pages or posts. Pages have hierarchy: Important for URL structure. (permalinks) Adds dropdown to menus. Posts have category and tag columns. 56 The "All posts" or "All pages" list
58.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
57 WordPress settings panel
59.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training How
do we change the site title or tagline? 58 Site title and tagline
60.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Change
the title and tagline in the Settings -> General page. There are quite a few other important options here. 59 General settings
61.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Permalinks
settings change the way the URL is displayed. Default sample page permalink: http://your-domain/?page_id=2 Default child page permalink: http:// your-domain/?page_id=36 Default post permalink: http:// your-domain/?p=4 Not very “pretty” or readable, Google does not like them either! No hierarchy for child page. 60 Permalinks
62.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
In this case, month and name is set. There is also a custom box where you can edit the permalink if you need something unusual. 61 Settings - permalinks
63.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training The
sample page is now: http://your-domain/sample-page The child page is now: http://your-domain/sample-page/sample-child-page It shows the hierarchy (if a page parent was set) Our post is now: http://your-domain/2012/05/hello-wpottawa 62 The URL’s with permalinks
64.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training You
can override permalinks – use edit If you change your title, you should consider updating the permalink. Note: if you change the permalink, you may want to add a redirect for the old url. 63 Permalink also shows in editor
65.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
64 Menus
66.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
Right now, the menus on the demo site are created from the page list. WordPress takes hierarchy and order from the page list, with home added at the start. 65 Menus
67.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
66 Menus
68.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Menus
if we add “Another Page”… 67 Menus
69.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
68 Updated menu
70.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
Changing the menu order requires numerically ordering the pages at each level. To change hierarchy, you change the page parent. You can edit these settings in the page editor. 69 Ordering menus
71.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
But, the quick editor is faster for reorganizing pages. The quick editor is an option on the page or post listing. 70 Quick editor
72.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
Note that you can change many of the page (and posts) settings here. Including the page order - much faster! 71 Quick editor
73.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Under
Appearance there is a Menus tab Need admin privileges. Need a theme the supports nav menus. 72 The menu system - the easier way to menus
74.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Create
a new menu 73 Create a new nav menu
75.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Drag
and drop items to change order and hierarchy 74 Rearrange the menu
76.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training After
you have created the menu, you may have some choices for menu location as some themes have many locations for placing menus. 75 Setting the theme location
77.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training A
completely new menu, independent of the page order and hierarchy. 76 The new menu
78.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
77 Widgets
79.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Widgets
are tools or content items that you can add, arrange, and remove from the widgetized areas of your theme. The most common widgetized area is the sidebars. 78 Widgets
80.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Originally
widgets were only in sidebars, but now themes can have many areas for them including headers, footers, sidebars and special front page spaces. 79 Widgets can be anywhere a theme defines them
81.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training The
Widgets admin is under the Appearance menu. 80 Managing widgets
82.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Add
a twitter widget to the sidebar. A plugin was added to get this widget. 81 Add twitter widget
83.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
82 Added twitter widget
84.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
83 Resources
85.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training WordPress.org,
the official source for all things WordPress. (http://wordpress.org) Theme repository – get free and commercial themes. Plugin repository – get plugins. The “codex”. (documentation) Support forums – get help. Also WordPress TV: WordCamp and other videos http://wordpress.tv/ 84 WordPress.org
86.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
WordPress icon on top left of the admin bar has several links to usefull WordPress help resources. 85 WordPress Help
87.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Search
for themes. 1000’s of themes available. Themes are reviewed before release. 86 WordPress.org – theme repository
88.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Search
for plugins. 1000’s of plugins. Currently plugins are not reviewed. 87 WordPress.org – plugin repository
89.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training The
“codex”: from basics to code documentation. 88 WordPress.org – documentation
90.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training The
“support” forums. Seek help with WordPress, theme and plugin issues. 89 WordPress.org – forums
91.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Google
WordPress + some topic Caution, many articles are out of date and may no longer be relevant. Books: Lots of books, make sure it’s current Digging into WordPress is a great book, covers WordPress in depth, but may not be for absolute beginners. Lots of articles on their blog. 90 Other help
92.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training WordCamps:
“WordCamp is a conference that focuses on everything WordPress.” – WordCamp Central Montreal: not set yet - June/July. Toronto: November 15-16. All sorts of WordCamps world wide: http://central.wordcamp.org/ 91 Other help
93.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
92 Plugins
94.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
Can't add plugins if you are using WordPress.com. You can only enable/disable which ones you are using, and change settings. 93 Adding and managing plugins
95.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Add
plugins from the Add New item under the Plugins menu item. Search for the plugin. Search for plugins based on keywords, or name. 94 Adding plugins
96.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training The
search results: Several similar plugins shown. Descriptions, ratings and version are shown. 95 Add plugins listing
97.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Install
TinyMCE advanced. Click the install. A good idea to back up first! 96 Install
98.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training A
screen similar to the update page, showing the install status. Some plugins will auto-activate, most you need to activate. 97 Install status
99.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training TinyMCE
Advanced installed and active 98 Plugin listing
100.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training The
Settings area A new menu item has been created for the settings page for TinyMCE advanced. 99 TinyMCE settings
101.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Plugins
usually (and are supposed to) create option pages under the Settings menu item. Some plugins create menu items in almost any other section. Tools, Dashboard, and sometimes Plugins are common spots for hiding settings pages. 100 Plugin Settings
102.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training ALWAYS
BACKUP FIRST!!! Updates are easy, just click the link. Updates can break your site, back-ups make it easy to undo. 101 Updating plugins
103.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
102 Plugin update status screen
104.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Can
also update plugins using the WordPress updater – Again BACKUP FIRST! 103 Update plugins in the WordPress updater
105.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Choose
plugins with: good download volume. recent updates. responses in the forums. high ratings. good compatibility ratings. Where do you find this information? Some of it was on the plugin search listing. 104 Finding/Choosing plugins
106.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training The
details view gives some of it. 105 Finding/Choosing plugins
107.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Details
view Some more plugin info, but still not all 106 Finding/Choosing plugins
108.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
All of the information is in the plugin repository. Look at the last updated date. Check compatibility. Is it popular? (downloads) 107 Choosing plugins
109.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Signs
there may be problems 108 A plugin with issues No support – 5 weeks no answer. There will always be some broken reports, but more broken than works is not good.
110.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training
A well respected and rated and popular plugin. Note there are still issues… Look at over-all, not absolutes when evaluating. 109 A good plugin
111.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Using
a Google Analytics plugin is highly recommended: Get features like excluding admin traffic from stats. Some have dashboard stats summaries. Some add advanced tracking and tagging features. 110 Google analytics plugin
112.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training There
are many plugins not on the WordPress.org repository. Many of those plugins are very good – most good plugins not on the repository are commercial. (not allowed on the repository) Many are not good, and may even contain malware. http://blog.sucuri.net/2012/02/new-wordpress- toolspack-plugin.html *plugins on the repository are not guaranteed to be clean, but malware is usually spotted quickly by users 111 Beware of unknown plugins
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Remove all unused plugins from your site, they can be a security issue. The Timthumb vulnerability did not need to have the plugin be active in order to be exploited Keep plugins, even inactive ones up to date! Install a backup plugin AND USE IT!!! 112 Plugin final notes
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113 Themes
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© 2014 www.lumostech.training A
theme defines the look and feel of your site. Sets the graphics, colors. Sets the widget locations. Defines column layout. Can be changed relatively easily. Beware lock-in. Cannot add themes on WordPress.com. You can enable which one you want to use, and you can change settings. 114 Themes
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© 2014 www.lumostech.training A
popular theme that used to come with WordPress: 115 Twenty Ten
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© 2014 www.lumostech.training Twenty
Ten had 6 widget areas, 5 are being used Empty areas are usually hidden 116 Lots of Widget locations
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© 2014 www.lumostech.training Twenty
Eleven also used to be included with WordPress, has sidebars on some pages. 117 Twenty Eleven
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© 2014 www.lumostech.training And
not on others... 118 Varied sidebars
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© 2014 www.lumostech.training This
is a very popular theme that still comes with WordPress. 119 Twenty Twelve
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© 2014 www.lumostech.training
Some themes: have layout options. have templates for layouts. You should use a child theme to modify themes. Not too hard to do, but does require some coding. It is STRONGLY recommended that you do not alter theme files!!! You will loose your changes if the theme is updated. 120 Page layouts
122.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training The
theme admin page: Go to Appearance in the main nav menu. Using the customize option, you can change the appearance of the theme. 121 Adding/managing themes
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© 2014 www.lumostech.training
122 Theme customization - live preview
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© 2014 www.lumostech.training The
theme admin page – select the add new. 123 Adding/managing themes
125.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Finding
a new theme: Featured themes. 124 Adding/managing themes
126.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Finding
a new theme: Feature filter Select some search parameters. 125 Adding/managing themes
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© 2014 www.lumostech.training
126 Feature filter results:
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© 2014 www.lumostech.training Keyword
search results Hover over image and click "Details & Preview" for more information. 127 Adding/managing themes
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128 Details view
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© 2014 www.lumostech.training As
with plugins: You get more detail on wordpress.org. But there is less info than for plugins. 129 Theme repository
131.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Choosing
themes is less clear than plugins. You need it: to look good for you. have the features you want. have support: check the forums. check the last update date. be good/reliable: check the ratings. 130 Adding/managing themes
132.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Install
the theme 131 Adding/managing themes
133.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Success 132 Installing
the theme
134.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Note
that the while the site looks different, the content and widgets are the same. 133 The theme
135.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Some
themes have very sophisticated home pages. Neither posts or pages are shown. All content is in options for the theme. 134 Theme driven front page
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© 2014 www.lumostech.training
Beware free themes not from WordPress.org Google “Free WordPress Themes” and you are guaranteed to find yourself some malware. Many good commercial themes are not on WordPress.org. iThemes WooThemes Studiopress Elegant Themes and more Freelance themes on Theme Forest 135 Final notes for themes
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© 2014 www.lumostech.training
Test on a trial site Local install or Subdomain on hosting 136 Final notes for themes
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© 2014 www.lumostech.training
137 Maintenance & SPAM
139.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Keep
your site up to date WordPress, Plugins and Themes All have bug updates, security patches and new feature releases. Not keeping up to date increases the risk of hacking substantially. Before you update anything – make a backup! Can’t emphasize this enough. Often neglected. 138 Maintenance
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© 2014 www.lumostech.training
How did he find it if it was so hard to find? Unsolicited third party recommendation? Seems to be trying to get a message to the site owner, rather than a real comment 139 REAL Examples - comment SPAM - SEO
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© 2014 www.lumostech.training
140 More comments - Link SPAM
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© 2014 www.lumostech.training
141 Mobile SPAM - email Not a fact at all! Ha! Your profits or theirs?
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© 2014 www.lumostech.training
142 The End
144.
© 2014 www.lumostech.training Rick
Radko email: rick@lumostech.ca twitter: @r3designforge Jasmine Vesque email: jasmine@lumostech.ca twitter: @jasmineVesque Slides at: www.slideshare.net/lumostech 143 Contact