nomenclature is the system of naming og organisms

1. GURU NANAK INSTITUTE OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY
TOPIC : NOMENCLATURE
NAME OF THE STUDENT: PIYUSH KARAN
UNIVERSITY ROLL NUMBER: 31308421024
ACADEMIC SESSION : 2022-2023
PAPER NAME: BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY AND
TAXONOMY
PAPER CODEM: GEMC 302
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology

2. INTRODUCTION
B. Sc./ SEM 3/2022-23/ /Biological Diversity And Taxonomy/ GEMC302/Presentation_1
Nomenclature is a system of naming organisms in which the species to which the
organism belongs is indicated by two words, the genus and species names, which
are Latinized words derived from various sources. This system, which is called
the Linnaean system of binomial nomenclature, was established in the 1750s by
Carolus Linnaeus.
There are strict international rules for how bacteria should be named and these
rules are published in a book named: "International Code of Nomenclature of
Bacteria". In order to get a proposed name accepted, a scientific paper on the
proposed species must be published and approved by an international taxonomy
committee.
Known as the
“Father of
Modern
Taxonomy” Carl
Linnaeus was
the
first to
consistently
name plants
and animals
using the
binomial
system of Latin
names for genus

3. DIFFERENT SOURCES OF NAMING MICROORGANISM
B. Sc./ SEM 3/2022-23/ /Biological Diversity And Taxonomy/ GEMC 302 /Presentation_1
Today, microorganism names originate from four different sources :
Descriptive – For example Staphylococcus aureus (grape-like cluster of spheres, golden
in color).
Scientist’s names – e.g., Escherichia coli (Theodor Esherich),Erlichia (Paul Erlich),
Neisseria (Albert Neisser), Listeria(Joseph Lister).
Geographic places – e.g., Legionella longbeachiae (Long Beach, California), Pasturella
tularensis (Tulare County, California), Pseudomonas fairmontensis (Fairmount Park,
Pennsylvania).
Organizations – e.g., Legionella (American Legion), Afipiafelis (Air Force Institute of
Pathology), Cedecea spp. (Centers for Disease Control), Bilophila wadsworthia (VA
Wadsworth Medical Center in Los Angeles).

4. BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE
B. Sc. / SEM 3/2022-23/ /Biological Diversity and Taxonomy/ GEMC302/Presentation_1
Binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), or binary nomenclature, is a formal
system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts
Rules of Binomial Nomenclature:
The names are written into two parts where the first part of the name – the generic name –
identifies the genus to which the species belongs, whereas the second part – the specific
name or specific epithet – distinguishes the species within the genus.
The genus name (and above) is always capitalized, the species name is never capitalized,
e.g. Bacillus anthracis
Names of all taxa (kingdoms, phyla, classes, orders, families, genera, species, and
subspecies) are printed in italics and should be underlined if handwritten.
e.g. Escherichia coli
A specific epithet must be preceded by a generic name, written out in full the first time it is
used in a paper. Thereafter, the generic name should be abbreviated to the initial capital
letter (e.g., E. coli),

5. CONCLUSION
SUMMARY
B. Sc./ SEM 3/2022-23/ Biological Diversity And Taxonomy/ GEMC302/Presentation_1
Nomenclature refers to the naming of microorganisms. The nomenclature of microorganisms is
governed by the International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology and published as Approved List
of Bacterial Names in the International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. This confers and
maintains uniformity for use of names of microorganisms accepted internationally. Similarly, the
nomenclature and classification of viruses are governed by the International Committee on
Taxonomy of Viruses. Two kinds of names are usually given to bacteria—common name and
scientific name:

6. REFERENCE
B. Sc. / SEM 3/2022-23/ /Biological Diversity And Taxonomy/ GEMc302/Presentation_1
• McNeil et al. 2011, Recommandation 60C
• International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999, Chap. 7, Article
3.1.2
• McNeil et al. 2011, Article 60.12
• Peter J. Russell; Stephen L. Wolfe; Paul E. Hertz & Cecie Starr (2007), "Species
Concepts and Speciation", The Linnaean System of Taxonomy, vol. 2, Cengage
Learning,