As the result of my field work conducted at the area, I come out with a full understanding of the matter and mineralization of the aea which include not only nickel but also graphite and Gold, as you can read in my slides. Leonidas Kairu

1. MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND MINERALS
MINERAL RESOURCES INSTITUTE
DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY AND MINERAL
EXPLORATION
Final year Project Presentation
May 2015
By:- LEONIDAS KAIRU
REG. No. 637MID12
Institute supervisor's name:- Eng: DICKSON NGOWI

2. Project title
General introduction
Problem statement
Project Objectives
Literature review
Methodology
Data analysis, discussion
&interpretation
Conclusion & recomendation.
OUTLINES

3. PROJECT TITLE
ASSESSMENT OF NICKEL
MINERALIZATION AT NTAKA
HILL IN NACHINGWEA

4. GENERAL INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
NTAKA HILL area was found to be mineralized by
sulfide mineral deposit, which head to the initiation
of Exploration activities for nickel, iron and copper
started in 2002 by international continental nickel
(ICN), then after shifted to IMX Exploration
company which on the late middle of 2013, IMX
Handled all activities to MMG Exploration
company for a year.

5. NACHINGWEA PROJECT SHOWING
IMX TENEMENT OUTLINE.

6. LOCATION & ACCESSIBILITY
 Ntaka Hill Nickel Sulphide Project is located in the
north -east area of the Nachingwea Exploration Project
and has been the focus of IMX’s exploration activity.
 The Area is favorably located in close proximity to road
and power infrastructure, with access to a deep water
port at Mtwara
 Nachingwea of (Lat.10022’45”S, Long. 38045’ 30’’E.)
Is 112kms west -south-west of Lindi on the coast, and
38kms north-north-west of Masasi.
 NTAKA HILL region extends from 26kms east to
81kms west of Nachingwea with a north-south breadth
of some 40kms.

7. GEOLOGY OF THE AREA
 The Ni-Cu mineralization at Ntaka Hill occurs
entirely within the Ntaka ultramafic intrusion
which cross-cuts the late Proterozoic
Mozambique mobile belt (MB) lithologies
consisting of mafic to felsic granulites,
gneisses and migmatites interlayered with
amphibolites and metasedimentary rocks.
 Ntaka ultramafic package is interpreted to be a
Proterozoic MgO-rich intrusion formed at a
continental margin. Structure appears to be the
predominant overall control on mineralization.
The mineralization identified to date occurs in
disseminated and massive nickel sulphide

8. MAPS SHOWING GEOLOGY OF
NTAKA HILL

9. PROBLEM STATEMENT
 Previous exploration of Nickel sulphide
mineralization at Ntaka-hill in NACHINGWEA
project which is under IMX and NGWENA Company
Ltd, didn’t give a clear picture of directional trending
strike length of a massive Nickel-sulphide
mineralization form, Although, a number of
mineralized zones discovered, two of which are
Sleeping Giant and Zeppelin That comprise the
NTAKA-HILL global mineral resource (nickel
sulphide) in two mineralized styles; disseminated
and massive nickel sulphide.

10. Cont……….
But still “the distribution of mineralization laterally
beneath the earth’s surface” And “the depth at
which these two styles were formed” were not
clearly pictured. This may be due to the “poor
surveying methods (Geophysical), instruments
employed”, and “geological process within the earth’s
layers/strata like; (undulation waves/earthquake)
during gravimetric survey.” “multi-layered folded
sequences of this mineralization which vary in depth”,
“Improper setup/configuration of DHEM survey
instruments”, and “Interference of EM waves during
data acquisition.”

11. PROJECT OBJECTIVES
MAIN OBJECTIVE
 To determine the concentration and
extension of nickel mineralization.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
 To determine lateral distribution of Ni-
sulphides ,
 To determine the trend of Ni mineralization,
 To identify electrical conductive plates of Ni
mineralization.

12. LITERATURE REVIEW
 In “Field geophysics, the geological field guide
series”(2003). John Milson discovered that;
“Geophysical anomalies take many forms. A
massive sulphide deposit containing pyrrhotite
would be dense, magnetic and electrical
conductive.”
 IMX’s previous exploration work at Ntaka Hill
has resulted in the discovery of a number of
mineralized zones, two of which – Sleeping
Giant and Zeppelin – comprise the Ntaka Hill
global mineral resource.

13. METHODOLOGY
Both qualitative and quantitative data were
required so as to attain project objectives,
where by Geophysical exploration method
were used basing on:-
 Gravity survey and,
 Down hole electromagnetic survey.
>>>In Gravity survey, data such as bouguer
anomalies were collected in the field by using
gravimeter and other equipments such as GPS
control, radio transmitter, receiver

14. METHODOLOGY Cont…
>>> In DHEM survey the electric conductivity of bed
rocks (strength of EM response) were measured in
different depths stations and in different diamond
drilled holes, by using a set of equipments
comprise of:-
 Zonge type transmitter,
 Probe,
 Generator &voltage regulator,
 Receiver,
 Motored winch,
 Coated wires,
 GEOVISTA winch controller,
 tough book installed with SMARTem24 software
for data acquisition.

15. DATA COLLECTION, ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION
AND DISCUSSION
•DATA COLLECTION
•GPS Controller raw data
Survey_Name Longitude Latitude Easting Northing Elevation
Block5 38.605609 -10.1787 456800 8874800 327.017
Block5 38.607433 -10.1823 457000.3 8874401 322.732
Block5 38.604696 -10.1787 456700 8874800 324.549
Block5 38.602865 -10.1823 456499.9 8874402 315.648
Block5 38.603779 -10.1823 456600 8874403 314.396
Block5 38.604689 -10.1824 456699.7 8874400 318.195
Block5 38.606523 -10.1824 456900.6 8874400 325.339
Block5 38.601955 -10.1823 456400.2 8874402 321.063
Block5 38.603786 -10.1787 456600.3 8874801 320.56
Block5 38.60104 -10.1823 456300.1 8874401 323.162
Block5 38.600138 -10.1823 456201.2 8874403 323.819
Block5 38.601954 -10.1787 456399.7 8874801 311.531
Block5 38.602871 -10.1787 456500.2 8874801 315.957
Block5 38.601044 -10.1787 456300 8874801 311.213
Block5 38.599207 -10.1823 456099.3 8874400 320.901
Block5 38.600131 -10.1787 456200 8874800 314.371
Block5 38.599217 -10.1787 456099.9 8874800 311.742
Block5 38.598306 -10.1787 456000 8874802 312.709
•Gravity meter raw data
LINE-----STATION-----ALT.------GRAV.---SD.--TILTX-
-TILTY-TEMP---TIDE---DUR-REJ-----TIME----
DEC.TIME+DATE--TERRAIN---DATE
999.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000 1872.895 0.011 -1.1
-0.1 -3.66 0.041 120 0 08:21:08 41782.34745 0.0000
2014/06/24
999.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000 1872.935 0.011 0.6
0.7 -3.78 0.049 120 0 08:33:28 41782.35600 0.0000
2014/06/24
999.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000 1872.910 0.009 -1.3
0.9 -3.83 -0.058 120 0 08:39:39 41782.36029 0.0000
2014/06/24
999.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000 1872.949 0.011 2.0
4.3 -3.85 0.056 120 0 08:43:05 41782.36267 0.0000
2014/06/24
999.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000 1872.956 0.011 6.5
-3.0 -3.86 0.058 120 0 08:47:03 41782.36542 0.0000
2014/06/24
999.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000 1872.955 0.009 -0.1
-2.1 -3.87 0.060 120 1 08:50:29 41782.36780 0.0000
2014/06/24

16. DATA COLLECTION Cont….
•DHEM Raw data profile view by SMARTem24 Software
Positive Vector
Orientation
A - Parallel to hole
trajectory
U - In the vertical
plane containing A
V - Perpendicular to A
and U in a right hand
coordinate system
A,U,V vector
directions are relative
to local hole
trajectory.
•Component Vector Orientation
A+
Section

17. Data collected by both ground gravity survey and bore
hole electromagnetic survey were analyzed and processed
to remove noises, where by gravity data processed in
gBase gravity processing software using a bulk density of
2.67g/cm3 and gridded in surfer imaging software using a
grid spacing of 25m where by coordinates and elevations
collected by GPS controller combined with bouguer
anomalies from gravimeter. free air correction, theoretical
&observed gravities deduced using gBase. As well as to
bore hole electromagnetic, data collected were processed
in Geosoft then to leapfrog software in which the data
were processed so as to come up with a clear trace with
modeled EM plates, lithology log and known nickel
mineralization with its strike direction beneath the earth’s
surface.
•DATA ANALYSIS

18. Survey_NameEasting Northing ElevationgObs gTheory FreeAir BA_2p67
Block5 455399.7 8876799.8 313.012 980002.516 978193.374 1905.779 1872.895
Block5 455199.4 8876398.6 301.152 980005.006 978193.487 1904.495 1872.935
Block5 455199.5 8876799.9 308.964 980003.359 978193.374 1905.372 1872.91
Block5 455100.3 8876401.6 304.136 980004.504 978193.486 1904.915 1872.949
Block5 455201.5 8875999 306.056 980004.258 978193.6 1905.147 1872.956
Block5 455099.1 8876003.7 301.395 980005.254 978193.599 1904.706 1872.955
Block5 454999.3 8876400.5 304.806 980004.476 978193.487 1905.094 1871.629
Block5 454600.2 8875596.4 297.293 980006.229 978193.714 1904.299 1871.639
Block5 454898.5 8875601.9 295.003 980006.681 978193.713 1904.045 1871.645
Block5 454898.9 8876400.3 304.669 980004.609 978193.487 1905.184 1871.649
Block5 454698.8 8876004 299.3 980005.788 978193.599 1904.594 1872.709
Block5 454799.3 8875604.4 294.933 980006.777 978193.712 1904.121 1872.709
Block5 454798.8 8876400.7 304.479 980004.681 978193.486 1905.197 1872.255
Block5 455099 8876802.5 308.625 980003.776 978193.373 1905.686 1872.254
Block5 454699.2 8876401 303.046 980005.013 978193.486 1905.087 1872.562
Block5 454602.6 8876003.8 295.875 980006.552 978193.599 1904.3 1872.565
Block5 454798.1 8876001.8 300.431 980005.658 978193.599 1904.812 1873.665
Block5 454698.3 8875603.4 293.533 980007.144 978193.712 1904.055 1873.666
Block5 454799.6 8876801.1 303.504 980004.847 978193.373 1905.176 1874.413
Block5 454699.1 8876800.6 301.321 980005.323 978193.373 1904.978 1874.412
Block5 454899.9 8876003.7 302.078 980005.438 978193.599 1905.1 1874.168
Block5 454596 8876801.2 298.39 980005.952 978193.373 1904.702 1874.17
Block5 454597.7 8876398.7 302.101 980005.366 978193.487 1905.147 1873.128
Block5 454899.5 8876800.8 305.105 980004.693 978193.373 1905.515 1873.13
Block5 454999.2 8876802.3 306.739 980004.376 978193.373 1905.704 1872.762
Block5 452200.7 8874403.1 307.487 980004.691 978194.052 1905.571 1872.763
Block5 452302 8874404.2 309.842 980004.242 978194.051 1905.849 1872.675
Block5 452003.9 8874400.8 303.913 980005.513 978194.052 1905.289 1872.674
Block5 452099.8 8874403.1 302.441 980005.846 978194.052 1905.168 1873.449
Block5 451900.7 8874401.6 306.436 980005.184 978194.052 1905.739 1873.45
Block5 452800.2 8874400.5 312.408 980004.401 978194.053 1906.799 1875.38
Block5 452600.7 8874400.8 312.914 980004.323 978194.053 1906.877 1875.385
Block5 452700 8874401.3 312.873 980004.419 978194.052 1906.96 1874.746
Block5 452400.3 8874403.9 311.246 980004.209 978194.052 1906.249 1874.748
Block5 452500.5 8874402.7 312.412 980004.148 978194.052 1906.548 1875.145
Block5 453199.9 8874400.4 305.19 980005.665 978194.053 1905.835 1875.15
Block5 453300.9 8874400.1 301.884 980006.358 978194.053 1905.506 1875.02
Block5 453000.7 8874401.8 309.76 980004.814 978194.052 1906.395 1875.022
Block5 453100 8874400.9 307.686 980005.264 978194.053 1906.204 1874.163
Block5 452900 8874401.6 311.272 980004.609 978194.052 1906.656 1874.164
•3D PLATES IN RESPONSE TO DHEM DATA
COLLECTED IN THE FIELD
The top blue conductor is related to
known nickel mineralization, the middle
conductor is related to graphite rich
sedimentary unit which drilled through,
and the deeper conductor is most likely
related to nickel mineralization but in
trace amount
GPS+Grav.meter processed data

19. •DATA INTERPRETATION
Data were interpreted using bouguer anomaly maps, showing the variations of bouguer
anomaly in the surveyed area and trace electromagnetic models with lithology logs and
modeled down hole Electromagnetic conductive plates. Viewing direction of the nickel
mineralization. Here down are those maps and models:-

20. NAD14-394 drill hole trace with modelled EM plates,
lithologies’ log, known nickel mineralisation(02%Ni) and
Viewing its trending direction is SSE (500m long).

21. •DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
According to the data interpretation above, Ntaka hill block
5A seems to have a minimum bouguer anomaly of
1869.2mGal and the maximum bouguer anomaly of
1871.9mGal which according to the minimum bulk density;-
2.67g/cm 3 (1872.2mGal) which were required by the
exploration company (MMG Company) the area is not
potential. But the Ntaka hill block 5B Seams to have
maximum or highest bouguer anomaly of 1881.432mGals at
0451995E8881679N STATION which seams to be distributed
evenly in all directions from this point, but decreases as you
go further towards SSE.
The Electromagnetic models shows that the nickel sulphide
mineralization trend in the SSE direction and the large
concentration of it is hosted within the pyrrhotite, pyroxinite,
gabbro, and pegmatite as shown in EM model of lithology log.

22. • SUMMARY OF FINDINGS.
NTAKA hill block 5B is much concentrated with sulphide
mineralization, although in the terrain map shows that the area with high
bouguer anomaly is of lower altitude, but this anomaly still distributed
evenly radial from the point this prove that this area is potential, and
should not be ignored but to be taken into account for further exploration
phases or stages which can lead to the mining of an ore at profit.
From Electromagnetic models, NAD14-394 found that Ni-Sulphide
mineralization is of disseminated form trending SSE direction due to the
scattering variation of red to yellow color, also the percentage of nickel
found to be 2% which is much greater compared to the previous
Measured and Indicated Resources of 20.32 million tons at which have
0.58% Ni & 0.13% Cu for 117,880 tones of contained Ni; and. Inferred
Resource of 35.93 million tons at 0.66% Ni and 0.14% Cu for 238,500
tones of contained Ni. Lastly, the 3D Plates model shows the occurrence
of massive graphite mineralization which drilled through in NAD14-394
Hole.

23. • CONCLUSIONS
The Ni-sulphide mineralization is laterally distributed in the
NNE direction due to the presence of highest bouguer
anomaly and tend to increase as you head on, regardless of the
change in terrain (lowering of elevation) of the area as you
heading NNE, the slightly change or difference in both
observed gravity and theoretical gravity as described in (data
analysis) prove the measured bouguer anomaly to be off
terrain or altitude influence but sulphide mineralization.
Also the nickel-sulphide mineralization form seems to be
formed from 70m below or beneath the earth’s surface where
by its percentage vary from 0.5% to 02% according to the
surveyed bore holes in which its extension beneath the surface
observed to cover out the designed loop which was of 250
km2 so the extension tends to cover 500m in one dimension.

24. • RECOMMENDATIONS
“The poor surveying techniques, instruments and bad configuration
or administration of surveying instruments” was the minor causes of
not identifying both concentration and lateral distribution of he nickel
sulphide mineralization at the area, where as the major cause were
“not to observe all surveying procedures and ethics”, where by in
previous some of gravity measurements were taken while there was
undulation waves (earthquake) in the earth’s strata some where, so due
to the behavior of not observing regularly the site’s earth movement
detector/sensor by the one who is responsible for this and
communicate the unusual situation to the gravity crew in the field.
I recommend to the current exploration company to observe those
parameters when exploring for nickel sulphide by using gravity survey
method to avoid utilization of much effort and expenses working on
data rich of noise and their wrong results, and to geophysics crew
especially gravity survey crew they should communicate immediately
to the site when abnormal readings of the gravimeter is observed for
information about the matter.

25. •REFERENCES
Gravity and Magnetic Exploration:Principles, Practice, and
Applications Hardcover (April 22, 2013) by Proffessor
William J. Hinze (Author), professor Ralph R. B. von Frese
(Author), Dr Afif H. Saad (Author)
sulphide deposits in mafic and ultramafic
Rocks:Proceedings of Nickel Sulphide Field by D. L.
Buchanan.
Geophysics for the Mineral Exploration Gioscientist (Jun
23, 2014) by Proffessor Michael Dentith and Stephen T.
Mudge
The geology of Ore deposits (feb 5, 2007 by John M.
Guilbert and Charles Frederick park.
Field Geophysics, The geological field guide series (2003)
by John Milson (author /writer).