He explains in brief about Intelligence ,It's test and importance in Life, Society. This Slide is Prepared by Amrit Sharma .

1. Presentation on
Intelligence
By Amrit Sharma

2. Intelligence
 Among millions of species on the earth,
humans are said to be superior and
exclusive
 Reasoning (distinguishing between right
and wrong)
 Ability to adopt to the environment and
master the situations
 Ability to carry on difficult tasks by
learning and using past experiences
 Intelligence- found in different degrees in
different humans

3. What is Intelligence?
 No concrete definition!
 Thorndike: It is the ability of an individual to
make profitable use of past experiences
 Garrett: It is the ability demanded in the
situations of problems, which require the
comprehension, and the use of symbols
 Brown: It is the ability of an individual to
adjust himself to the conditions that arise in
his environment

4. What is intelligence?
 Binet: It is the ability to adopt onself to
judge well, understand well, reason
(think) well and act well
 Skinner: It is the organization of abilities
to learn a group of facts with alertness
and accuracy to exercise mental control
and display flexibility in seeking the
solutions of problem

5.  According to Thorndike.
1. Abstract/cognitive intelligence
2. Concrete/ mechanical/ motor intelligence
3. Social intelligence/ social ability
Ideal person has all three types of
intelligence.
Intelligence is the product of heredity
and environment.
Three types of
intelligence:

6. Abstract/cognitive intelligence
 It has more importance over others and
considered to be accurate test
 Not physically existing e.g. alphabets,
numbers
 Ability to understand and deal with verbal
and mathematical symbols
 Also includes ability of manipulating ideas
and understanding abstract things
 Philosophers, and professionals have high
abstract intelligence e.g. vocabulary,
language, relational concepts etc.

7. Concrete/ mechanical intelligence
 Existing physically e.g. everyday objects,
physical skills
 Ability to understand and deal with the
concrete things
 Industrial and building traders are high in
problem solving skills and manual skills
 Everything in this category should have
physical implication

8. Social intelligence/ ability
 Ability to understand and deal with
persons
 Ability to apply psychological principles of
human relationships
 Salesmen, politicians, leaders possess this
intelligence e.g. association with people
and empathy

9. Factors affecting Intelligence
 Heredity and environment: 68% role
of heredity and 32% of the environment
(Newman)
 Age: max at 20 years and remains
stable if other factors do not interfere,
rapidly decreases after 70 years
 Health and physical development
 Gender: Not much difference

10. Contd..
 However, a/c to Crow and Crow, males are slightly more
superior than females in mathematical and scientific
reasoning and concepts/ tasks. Girls excel in humanities
(languages, literature, philosophy, fine arts, history etc.)
 Social and economic conditions
 I.Q. (Intelligence Quotient) = (MA/CA)*100
Where, MA= mental age
CA= Chronological age

11. I.Q level and character
 Below 20 : Idiot
 20 to below 70 : Feeble minded
 70 to 90 : Dull
 90 to 110 : Average or normal
 110 to 120: Superior
 120 to 140 : Very Superior
 140 to 200: Genius
 Above 200: Supreme Genius

12. Importance of intelligence in
extension
 Individual is the product of both heredity and
environment. And these factors are
responsible for the intelligence
 Gifted persons with higher intelligence can be
better utilized by offering broader
opportunities for accelerated growth
 Mentally retarded and less intelligent people
should be given special attention
 Different techniques need to be followed for
people with different intelligence. For e.g
using visual aids for Nepali farmers instead of
facts and statistical data

13. THANK YOU!
Have a wonderful time!!