Chronic myelogenous leukemia is a pluripotent stem cell disease characterized by anaemia, extreme blood granulocytosis with immaturity, basophilia, thrombocytosis and splenomegaly.

1. CAUSES | SYMPTOMS |
TREATMENT

2.  Chronic myelogenous leukemia is a pluripotent stem
cell disease characterized by anaemia, extreme blood
granulocytosis with immaturity, basophilia,
thrombocytosis and splenomegaly.
 The haemtopoietic cell contain a reciprocal
translocation between chromosome 9 and 22 known as
the philadelphia choromosome.
 Occurs more often in men.
 Disease of firsts
 High doses of ionising radiation can increaser the
occurrence of CML.

3. Signs and symptoms of chronic myeloid leukaemia may
include:
 Easy bleeding
 Feeling run-down or tired
 Fever
 Losing weight without trying
 Loss of appetite
 Pain or fullness below the ribs on the left side
 Pale skin
 Sweating excessively during sleep (night sweats)

4. After you have shown the signs and symptoms of chronic
myeloid leukaemia, your doctor may suggest the following
tests and procedures:
 Physical exam: Your doctor will perform a
complete physical examination to check pulse and
blood pressure. He/she will also feel your lymph nodes,
spleen and abdomen for any irregularities.
 Blood tests: A complete blood count may reveal
abnormalities in your blood cells. Your doctor may also
perform blood chemistry tests to measure organ
function.

5.  Bone marrow tests: Bone marrow biopsy and bone
marrow aspiration are used to collect bone marrow
samples for laboratory testing. These tests involve
collecting bone marrow from your hipbone.
 Tests to look for the Philadelphia chromosome: A
detailed lab test of your genes, called fluorescence in
situ hybridization (FISH) is done to measure the
number of cells containing the Philadelphia
chromosome.

6.  Targeted drugs: Targeted drugs such as Gleevec, Sprycel,
Tasigna, and Bosulif are designed to attack cancer by
focusing on a particular aspect of cancer cells that allows
them to grow and multiply. In chronic myeloid
leukaemia, the target of these drugs is the protein
produced by the abnormal BCR-ABL gene.
 Bone marrow transplant: Also known as a blood stem cell
transplant, it offers the only chance for a definitive cure
for chronic myeloid leukaemia. In the process, high doses
of chemotherapy drugs are used to kill the blood-forming
cells in your bone marrow. They are then replaced by
blood stem cells from a donor which are infused into
your bloodstream.

7.  Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy drugs are typically
combined with other treatments for chronic myeloid
leukaemia. Often, chemotherapy treatment for chronic
myelogenous leukaemia is given as a tablet you take
orally.
 Biological therapy: Biological therapies strengthen your
body's immune system to help fight cancer. This option
is successful for those patients who can't take other
drugs or when other treatments fail.

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