Deficiency diseases caused by the deficiency of vitami s and minerals - Class VI

1. Deficiency Diseases are caused by lack of vitamins and minerals in the diet.
Deficiency Diseases

2. Deficiency of Vitamins
Vitamin Type Functions Deficiency Diseases/ Disorders and its Symptoms
Vitamin A
Sources: Green leafy
vegetables, fruits, carrots, egg
yolk, fish.
Keeps eyes, hair, skin healthy
Color blindness, Night blindness - poor visibility at
night.
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)
Sources: Eggs, Whole grains,
Sprouts
Enables cells to turn carbohydrates into
energy(aids in digestion), maintains
nervous system
Beriberi - loss of appetite, loss of weight,
inflammation of nerves, digestion problems
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)
Sources: Eggs, milk, and green
leafy vegetables
Keeps skin and mouth healthy Skin disorders, Cheilosis-breaking of lips
Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin)
Sources: Meat
Helps in maintenance of central nervous
system and RBCs
Pale skin, lack of RBC, Less stamina and less
appetite.
Vitamin C
Sources: Citrus fruits like
lemon, orange, tomatoes
Promotes healthy gums and teeth Scurvy i.e. gum disease (gingivitis).
Vitamin D
Sources: Milk, fish, eggs,
sunlight
Necessary for the healthy development of
bones and teeth
Rickets– weakening and softening of bones.
Vitamin E
Sources: Almonds, Eggs
Helps in processing vitamin K and formation
of RBCs
Muscle weakness and transmission problems in
nerve impulses
Vitamin K
Sources: Spinach , Cabbage
Essential for blood coagulation Excessive bleeding from wound.

3. Deficiency of Minerals
Mineral Type Functions Deficiency Disease
Calcium
Sources: Milk, Eggs,
Green leafy vegetables
Essential for efficient functioning of
nervous system and strengthen bones
and teeth
Rickets-Weak bones, tooth decay, lower than
normal bone density and stunted growth
Phosphorous
Sources: Cereals, pulses,
milk
Essential for the maintenance of acid-
base balance in body, Strenthens bones
and teeth
Rickets, Loss of appetite, bone fragility,
muscle weakness, poor physique
Iodine
Sources: Iodized salt,
sea food
Formation of thyroid hormone and
proper functioning of thyroid hormone
Goitre - Enlargement of thyroid gland, mental
disability.
Sodium and Potassium
Sources: Salt and most
food items
Maintains body’s water balance
Nausea, irritability, Body and muscle
weakness, Paralysis
Iron
Sources: Green leafy
vegetable, cereals,
pulses, meat
Essential for haemoglobin formation and
Red Blood Cells.
Anaemia – weakness, fatigue, shortness of
breath