Conservation of environment

1. CONSERVATION
KRITIKA VATS &
SANYOGITA
JR. M.SC. RM & ID
CHAITRALI KHANDEKAR
JR. M.SC. RM & ED
SNDT(WU)
JUHU CAMPUS
PRESENTED BY:
A JOINT PRESENTATION ON TOPIC,

2. CONTENT
1.What is Environmental Conservation?
2.Need and Importance of Conservation
3.Methods of Environmental Conservation
(a) Methods of Forest Conservation
(b) Methods of Soil Conservation
(c) Methods of Waste Management
(d) Methods of Water Conservation
(e) Methods of Biodiversity Conservation
(f) Methods of Energy Conservation
(g) Methods of Natural Resources Conservation
4. Conclusion
2 12/8/2021 CONTENT

3. What is Environmental conservation?
It is the wise management and utilization of natural renewable resources in a sustainable manner to ensure
the maintenance of biodiversity.
It is a practice of protecting the natural environment on individual, organizational or government levels, for
the benefit of both the natural environment and humans.
It is the act of conserving or saving our natural resources through careful management, through: reducing
your waste, saving trees, recycling, using renewable resources that don’t deplete our natural resources.
3 12/8/2021 WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION?

4. WHY SHOULD WE CONSERVE ENVIRONMENT?
4 12/8/2021 WHY TO CONSERVE ENVIRONMENT?
HUMAN BEINGS ARE
CONSUMING
RESOURCES WITHOUT
GIVING TIME FOR
NATURE TO REPLENISH
THEM.

5. IMPORTANCE OF ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION
5 12/8/2021 IMPORTANCE OF CONSERVATION.
It has become inherently important to work towards environmental conservation in contemporary times. The
following pointers elucidate this crucial need to save the environment from further degradation:
•To reduce air, water and land pollution
•To ensure the protection of biodiversity
•To implement sustainable development
•To restore the ecological balance
•To save our planet from harmful
repercussions of global warming
•To facilitate the conservation of natural
resources for our future generations

6. METHODS OF ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSERVATION
6 12/8/2021 METHODS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATIONr
1. Methods of Forest conservation
2. Methods of Soil Conservation
3. Methods of Waste management
4. Methods of Water Conservation
5. Methods of Biodiversity Conservation
6. Methods of Energy Conservation
7. Methods of Natural resources
conservation

7. METHODS OF FOREST CONSERVATION
7 12/9/2021 METHODS OF FOREST CONSERVATION
• Controlled Deforestation
While deforestation cannot be avoided completely, we must look to
control it. Young and immature trees should not be felled as far as
possible. We must look to avoid large-scale commercial deforestation
as well. Adapting practices such as clear-cutting or selective cutting
will be beneficial in the long run.
• Protection against Forest Fires
Forest fires are the most common and deadly cause of loss of forests.
They can start due to natural causes or can be accidents caused by
man or even intentional in some cases. Once a fire spreads in a forest
it is very difficult to control. Precautions must be taken for such
incidents. Making fire lanes, spreading chemicals to control fire,
clearing out dry leave sand trees, etc.

8. METHODS OF FOREST CONSERVATION
8 12/9/2021 METHODS OF FOREST CONSERVATION
• Afforestation
This is the process by which we plant more trees in the area. We try
to increase the forest cover by manual transplantation, or fresh
plantation of trees. It is an attempt to balance our ecosystem to
reduce the effects of deforestation and environmental pollutions of all
types.
• Better Farming Practices
Slash and burn farming, overgrazing by cattle, shifting agriculture are
all farming practices that are harmful to the environment and
particularly to forests. We must keep all these practices under
control.
Jhoom farming is one such practice we can employ to combat forest
pollution. In the North-east areas of India, where the land is kept
barren after cutting the crops. Weeds and creepers and wild plants
grow on this land and make it fertile again in time. And then
the land is cultivated again

9. METHODS OF SOIL CONSERVATION
9 12/9/2021 METHODS OF SOIL CONSERVATION
Soil Conservation is a combination of practices used to protect the
soil from degradation. First and foremost, soil conservation involves
treating the soil as a living ecosystem. This means returning organic
matter to the soil on a continual basis.
• Conservation tillage : In conservation tillage, at least 20 to 30
percent of the soil surface is covered in the previous year's crop
residue after planting. The residue reduces wind velocity at the
soil surface and breaks the impact of raindrops. Root systems
hold the soil in place. If practiced across a slope, rows of stubble
act as small dams to slow water as it runs down hill.
• Contour farming involves tilling and planting along the contour,
rather than up and down the slope. The furrows and rows of
plants act as dams which slow down the flow of water moving
down the slope. Unless some type of contour farming is used,
particularly on long slopes, serious field erosion can result..

10. METHODS OF SOIL CONSERVATION
10 12/9/2021 METHODS OF SOIL CONSERVATION
• Strip cropping involves alternating strips of small grain (e.g.
rye) or forage crops (e.g. clover) with row crops like corn. It is
used to control erosion by reducing the velocity of wind and
water. The forage and cereal grain rows tend to trap sediment
that may otherwise end up in watercourses.
• A windbreak or shelterbelt is a vegetation barrier designed to
reduce or eliminate the velocity of the wind and hence reduce
wind erosion. Crop quality and livestock performance are
improved due to less abrasion from blowing soil. Tree and shrub
rows significantly increase the aesthetics of the landscape which
is proven by higher land values. They also trap snow in the
winter and thus provide a higher moisture content for the
growing season.

11. METHODS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT
11 12/9/2021 METHODS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT
• Recycling: refers to both the direct reuse of used products and material
recycling, that is the recovery of raw materials from waste (e.g. production
of new glass from fragments). Downcycling refers to the transformation of
waste to materials of lower quality than the initially used material.
• Incineration: Combustible waste from households and waste wood that is
not suitable for recycling undergo thermal treatment in waste incineration
plants or waste wood furnaces. The heat released in the process is used to
generate electricity and heat buildings. Waste with a high calorific value
and low level of pollutant contamination can be used in industrial plants,
e.g. cement plants, as an alternative to fossil fuels. Waste that is
contaminated with organic pollutants undergoes separate thermal
treatment

12. METHODS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT
12 12/9/2021 METHODS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT
• Chemical-physical and biological treatment: The objective of both
chemical-physical and biological treatment is to enable the removal of
pollutants from waste or its safe landfilling. Wastewater and polluted
excavated material are typical of the types of waste that are managed
in this way.
• Landfills: Residues from waste incineration or waste that is not
suitable for material recycling or thermal treatment are deposited in
landfills that are compliant with the legal requirements. If the waste
does not fulfil the requirements for landfilling, it must be pre-treated.
• Collection and logistics: The collection of waste at source (industry,
commerce and households) in suitable transport containers, its
intermediate storage and handover to waste disposal operations. The
treatment of waste is often based on a cascade of specialized plants.
In all cases, smooth logistics are a precondition for the efficient
management of waste. In the case of hazardous waste, in accordance
with the Ordinance on Movements of Waste, the handover must
be documented.

13. METHODS OF WATER CONSERVATION
13 12/9/2021 METHODS OF WATER CONSERVATION
● Rainwater Harvesting: In this method of conservation of water, the rain
water is collected and allowed to percolate into a deep pit or a reservoir,
so that it seeps down and improves the ground water table.
● Water Metering: Install water meters and measure the amount of water
that is being used in residential and commercial buildings. The volume of
water is calculated and charged accordingly. Always monitor the water
bills for unusually high usage. It can help detect any leakage.
● Grey-water Recycling: Greywater recycling is a method of saving used
and waste water from kitchen sinks, washing machines and showers,
which is then recycled for usage in toilets, for watering plants, etc.
Environmentalists have demonstrated that the usage of this recycling
system has reduced almost 70% of domestic water usage.
● Pressure reducing Valves: They basically controls the amount of
pressure in a hydraulic system. These valves ensure a pre-set level of
water that is to be used. In this way, downstream components used in the
water system last longer and water consumption is also reduced. This is a
very efficient solution for water conservation in industrial, residential,
commercial and institutional buildings.

14. Simple Tips for Water Conservation
14 12/9/2021 METHODS OF WATER CONSERVATION
IN KITCHEN
● Avoid using running water instead, soak the vegetables
in a bowl of water for some time and wash it later.
● When buying a dishwasher, select the one with light-
wash.
● If you have to wash a few vessels by hand, turn off the
water while you are not rinsing.
● Reuse the wastewater from RO water purifiers for
washing cars or watering your plants. You can also use
this water for mopping or pre-rinse laundry.
● Do not drain the leftover water in water bottles. It can
be used for watering plants or filling up water bowls for
birds.
● Do not defrost frozen foods with running water. You
can keep frozen things outside overnight, for defrosting
them.
● Switch to water-efficient appliances at home.
IN BATHROOM
● Install water-efficient showers and taps, to reduce
water usage.
● Turn off the water when you brush your teeth or
shave.
● About 20 to 40 gallons of water is spent during a four-
minute shower. Take shorter showers. You can also
install water-saving showerheads and shower timers.
● Frequently check for leakages in the toilet flushing
systems. This could be simply done by placing dye
tablets or adding drops of food colouring into the tank
and if colour appears in the bowl one hour later, your
toilet is leaking.
● Install dual flush toilet systems in the house, which
have two mechanisms to flush different amounts of
water.

15. Different Traditional Methods of
Water Conservation In India
15
● Talab/ Bandhi
● Jhalaras
● Baoli
● Kund
● Bawari
KNOWLEDGE FACT

16. METHODS OF BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
16 12/9/2021 METHODS OF BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
It involves the in situ conservation where conserving and protecting the ecosystem will protect the entire
biodiversity. It includes ex-situ conservation, which involves conservation measures when an organism is
endangered. Therefore, this means that the conservation methods of biodiversity aim at preservation, maintenance,
conservation, recovery, and enhancement as discussed below:
● Maintain, restore, and increase ecological systems while promoting the implementation of better practices
● Establishing buffer zones to prevent any alteration in the balance of natural ecosystems
● Protection against degradation and destruction of natural ecosystems
● Science, Technology and Research-Tools for conserving biodiversity
● Identification and protection of endangered species
● Captive breeding and Gene banks

17. METHODS OF ENERGY CONSERVATION
17 12/9/2021 METHODS OF ENERGY CONSERVATION
Energy conservation is not about making limited resources last as long as they can, that
would mean that you are doing nothing more than prolong a crisis until you finally run
out of energy resources altogether. Conservation is the process of reducing demand on
a limited supply and enabling that supply to begin to rebuild itself. Many times the best
way of doing this is to replace the energy used with an alternate source.
● Lower the Room Temperature.
● Fix Air Leaks.
● Use Maximum Daylight.
● Get Energy Audit Done.
● Use Energy Efficient Appliances.
● Drive Less, Walk More and
Carpooling.
● Switch Off Appliances When Not
in Use.

18. METHODS OF NATURAL RESOURCES
CONSERVATION
18 12/9/2021 METHODS OF NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION
Natural resources are resources that occur in nature without any manmade
assistance. Any naturally occurring substance qualifies as a natural resource,
including animals, plants, water, oil, coal, minerals, timber, land, light, soil, and
energy. Natural resources can be renewable or nonrenewable
There are several ways to conserve natural resources in your very own home,
such as:
● Use less water.
● Turn off the lights.
● Use renewable energy.
● Recycle.
● Compost.
● Choose reusable goods.
● Manage your thermostat.
● Thrift shop.

19. Government Initiatives Towards Conservation
Governments have enacted Acts and regulations to diminish the rising danger of nature. Various schemes and
policies for the conservation of nature have been proposed by the Government. To make the process rapid, great
emphasis must be paid to environmental mental education, people’s participation, and population control.
World Nature Conservation Day is observed on July 28th every year across the world to create awareness of
natural resources conservation and protect nature. With the rise in the level of deforestation and losing wildlife,
conservation of nature has become a top priority. In India, due to the rise in urbanization, issues like loss of forest
cover, pollution, and loss of wildlife has increased. The government has taken initiative to reverse the situation. Here
are five Initiatives are taken by the Government of India:
● The vision of creating Nagar Van Udyan Scheme is to develop at least one City Forest in each city having
Municipal Corporation or Class 1 Cities to accommodate a wholesome health environment and contribute to
the growth of clean, green, and sustainable India. Its objective is to create 200 City forests in the country and
to create awareness about the plants and biodiversity.
● Waste management under Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, a mass movement initiated by the Prime Minister of
India, Mr. Narendra Modi, in the year 2014. The Abhiyan motives lie in the cleanliness of the environment. He
hopes to create a sense of responsibility among the citizens to help achieve Mahatma Gandhi’s aim for Clean
India. The main objective of the Abhiyan is to recover resources for utilization through recycling and creating
employment in the process.
19

20. Government Initiatives Towards Conservation
● Project Tiger has been the most successful environmental project by the Government. Project Tiger was
adopted in the year 1973 to improve the decreasing numbers of Tigers in India. It is a scheme sponsored by
the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change and assists the tiger states for tiger conservation.
The objectives of the projects are to protect and restore habitat, monitor them day-to-day, eco-development
for local people, and relocation of the people from the habitats of tigers.
● The Government of India initiated the National Wetland Conservation Programme (NWCP) to conserve
and make acute use of wetlands in the country, therefore, preventing its further degradation. The scheme
was introduced with the objectives of undertaking extensive conservation measures in the wetlands that
need immediate help.
● The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate change launched the Green Skill Development
Programme in June 2017. Green skills include conserving and protecting the green of nature alongside
creating awareness among the youth to develop skills and gain experience. In May 2018, during the launch
of the GSDP mobile app, Harsh Vardhan, the Union Minister for Environment, forest, and climate change
said that 2.25 lakh people will be employed through GSDP by the next year and about five lakh will be
employed by 2021.
20

21. CONCLUSION
We often take nature for granted. Once we realize that
the wilderness has a value of its own, this puts the man
in his rightful role as a custodian of nature rather than
the exploiter. Visit a wilderness area, a forest ,
lakeside, waterfall or seashore where man’s hand has
not made drastic change to the ecosystem and one
begins to add value to its beauty. Without the
wilderness, the earth would be a sad, bleak, human
dominated landscape. the problem is how much of the
wilderness can we preserve in the presence of an ever-
growing hunger for land and resources for its
utilitarian value. Unless we can begin to see the
ecological value of the wilderness, an ethnic for its
conservation cannot become part of our daily lives.
And without wilderness, the earth will eventually
become unlivable.
21

22. 22