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1. Energy Audit and Commissioning
BY: KRITI SHARMA

2. PREFACE
• This report is full of observation and knowledge .This training
provided a chance to turn theoretical knowledge into a practical
form and I was also given the exposure to the latest technology in
the world ofWIRE AND FABRIKS.This report is a result of one
month training that I am having inWIRE AND FABRIKS , JAIPUR.
Being a trainee here it gave me a solid platform in the beginning
of my professional career.
• I show my gratitude to the company and their team for giving me
the opportunity to work with them.The most important virtue I
gained here is how to work with and for the team.

3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
• A training of such a comprehensive coverage cannot be
realized without help from numerous sources and
people in the organization.
• I like to take this opportunity to show my gratitude
towards Mr. R.L Makhija(Audit head ) , Mr. M.k.
satwani ( training head) and those who helped me in
bringing the project to its present able form.They have
been a motivator and a source of inspiration for me to
carry out the necessary proceeding required for
this project .

4. TABLE OF CONTENT
Company profile
Nature of work
Energy audit and commisioning
Aim of energy audit
Type of enrgy
PRELIMINARY ENERGYAUDIT METHODOLOGY
Detailed energy audit methodology
Steps for detailed energy audit
Areas of energy audit
Energy audit methodology
Conclusion
Refrence

5. Company profile
• Wires & Fabriks (S.A) manufacture a full range of Forming Fabrics and Woven Dryer
Screens & Spiral Link Dryer Screens for high-speed paper machines. Over 30% of
their production is exported to over 25 countries around the world. They also
manufacture woven fabrics for the Pulp section, paper machine clothing, technical
textiles, paperboard and the effluentTreatment Plants.
• Their manufacturing plant in Jaipur is equipped with the most modern machines
and equipment from Warping & Weaving to Finishing & Seaming. A highly qualified
and experienced team of professionals work with customers to provide solutions
for individual machines and paper making needs.
• They are in technical collaboration with Albany International Inc. USA, for the most
modern SSB Forming Fabrics which has enabled them to provide quality products
and services for the increasingly cost & quality conscious modern paper mills.

6. NATURE OF
WORK
• Wires & Fabriks (S.A) manufacture a full range of Forming Fabrics. A Forming
Fabric is a high precision woven mesh with a unique weave structure made out
of Polyester Monofilament yarns having special properties. In the forming
section (also called the "wet-end") of a paper machine, pulp (which is 95% +
water and balance cellulose fibre) is released over a moving fabric and while the
water is drained through this fabric through gravitational and vacuum forces,
the fibres are left behind to form a wet sheet of paper.The mechanical
dewatering which commences in the forming section plays an important role in
the final paper quality as any non-uniformities arising in this section cannot be
corrected later in the paper machine. This wet sheet is then transferred on to a
Felt and then on to a Dryer section for making this "wet" sheet of paper into a
"dry" sheet of usable paper.
• Since 1995,Wires & Fabriks is an important supplier & manufacturers of
Specialty fabrics and Performance chemicals for paper making & paper machine
clothing.They offer total machine clothing and equipment & other paper
making products. Paper making chemicals are a source of value addition for
paper makers and have a significant impact on the quality and cost of various
paper and board grades.

7. Energy Audit and
Commissioning
An energy audit is an inspection survey and an analysis
of energy flows for energy conservation in a building. It may
include a process or system to reduce the amount of energy input
into the system without negatively affecting the output. In
commercial and industrial real estate, an energy audit is the first
step in identifying opportunities to reduce energy expense and
carbon footprint.
As per the Energy ConservationAct, 2001, Energy Audit is defined
as “the verification, monitoring and analysis of use of energy
including submission of technical report containing
recommendations for improving energy efficiency with cost
benefit analysis and an action plan to reduce energy
consumption”.

8. AIM OF ENERGY AUDIT
To minimize cost for energy
To minimize operational
cost
To minimize cost for repair
and constructions
To increase quality of the
environment that
contributes to increased
work productivity.

9. TYPE OF ENERGY
AUDIT.
The type of Energy Audit to be performed depends on:
• Function and type of industry
• Depth to which final audit is needed, and
• Potential and magnitude of cost reduction desired
Thus, EnergyAudit can be classified into the following two types.
• PreliminaryAudit
• Detailed Audit

10. PRELIMINARY ENERGY AUDIT
METHODOLOGY
• Establish energy consumption in the organization
• Estimate the scope for saving
• Identify the most likely (and the easiest areas for attention
• Identify immediate (especially no-/low-cost) improvements/savings
• Set a ‘reference point’
• Identify areas for more detailed study/measurement
• Preliminary energy audit uses existing, or easily obtained data

11. DETAILED
ENERGY AUDIT
METHODOLOGY
It offers most accurate estimate of energy savings and cost.
This is based on an inventory of energy using systems, assumptions
of current operating conditions and calculations of energy use.
Detailed energy auditing is carried out in three phases: Phase I, II
and III.
Phase I - Pre-Audit Phase
Phase II - Audit Phase
Phase III - Post-Audit Phase

12. Steps for Detailed
Energy Audit
Methodology

13. Phase:1
Step 1- Initial meeting
• A meeting is scheduled initially between the auditors focussing primarily on
audit objectives, scope of work, rules to be followed, role of each team member
and briefed description of the whole process.
Step 2-Touring the facility
• Preceding the initial meetings, a visit is arranged to the organisation to view the
current operation and methods beforehand.The main focus of the visit is to
analyse the various architectural, lighting, mechanical, and process energy
systems.

14. Phase:2
Step 3 - Documentation
• A set standard of documents comprising of construction documentation, operating
documentation the major energy consuming processes in the facility is presented.
Also appropriate field measures are carried out in addition to the above documents.
Step 4 - Facility Inspection
• Furthermore, after the thorough investigation of documents provided, an
investigation of the most energy consuming processes of the industry is carried out.
The process also involves appropriate field dimensioning of the facility.
Step 5 - Staff Interviews
• After the facility inspection is completed the auditors once again call for a meeting
with the facility staff to review the findings and considerations of the audit.The
members of the facility may include in them the operators and maintenance teams of
the most energy consuming processes of the facility.

15. • Step 6 - Utility Analysis
One of the most important steps of the audit is the utility analysis involving the study of the utility bills of the
facility.The bills include various purchased consumable resources of energy like electricity, liquefied
petroleum gas and natural gas.The data is further normalised to facilitate the changing demands due to
changing weather. Analysing such variety of resources for the facility introduces to the auditors the most
energy efficient systems. When found suitable in some cases it may be advised to produce some of the
resources on-site.
• Step 7 - Identify/Evaluate Feasible ECMs
ECM’S or energy conservation measures may be defined and designed for the facility and with the
agreement of facility managers provisions may be made to set-up such ECM’S for the facility. Often it is
found that ECM’S offer a high payback to the facility luring the managers to take their services for them.
Step 8 - Economic Analysis
Models and simulations with software’s are built by the auditors to produce the base line against which
energy saving ECM’s is identified. Auditors then calculate the implementation cost and energy saving savings
for each ECM.
• Step 9 - Prepare a Report Summarizing Audit-Findings
The results thus obtained are finalised in a report including a description of the facilities and their operation,
a discussion of all major energy consuming systems, a description of all recommended ECMs with their
specific energy impact, implementation costs, benefits and payback.The report also incorporates the
summary of the whole procedure and certain recommendations to optimize energy.

16. Phase: 3
Step 10 - Review
Recommendations with Facility
Management
Formal presentation comprising
all recommendations is
presented to the facility
management.The presentation
includes in it data on decision
making for implementing the
suggested ECM’S

17. AREAS OF ENERGY AUDIT
Subject of energy consumption analysis are energy resources consumed in the industrial area:
• Electricity
• Natural gas
• Steam
• Coal
• Wood, wood chips/pellets
• Fuels (petrol, oil, propane-butane)
• Thermal-technical protection of buildings,
• Heating systems
• Hot water preparation
• Ventilation systems and air-conditioning (buildings and technology)
• Electric appliances (administrative and technological incl. electrical connection, transformation,
distribution network, el. switchboards, el. compensation)
• Gas or other energy resources consuming appliances (furnaces, cleaning devices)
• Indoor/outdoor lighting,
• Measurement and regulation

18. ENERGY AUDIT
METHODOLOGY
• Pre-audit presentation.
• Collection of data / information.
• Measurements and monitoring with instruments.
• Computation and in-depth analysis.
• Post-audit presentation to discuss the Energy
Conservation Opportunities identified by the audit team.

19. INTRODUCTIONTO
LIGHTING SYSTEMS
• Lighting is one of the most essential part of energy consuming domains
of an industry with the consumption varying between 2 to 10 % of the
total energy consumption of the organisation. Lightning as a domain has
a whole lot of potential to save energy for the industry by the use of
efficient lamps apart from good operational practices.
• A typical commercial building has many lighting requirements and each
normally has its own set of options for improving lighting efficiency.
Centuries ago people were able to read by the light of a candle but today
in typical office buildings a person often reads under thousand times the
energy.
• In a normal office, a person requires glare free surfaces for reading and
ambient lights around typically very less than the current available
lighting. Often lighting designers end up in producing a beautiful
building but consuming a lot more energy.The designers should
consider a host of other factors, including the effect of quality of light on
the visual comfort and health of the occupants. Small improvement in
lighting quality can improve productivity of the user substantially.
Correct type of lightning can be provided by using appropriate audits
and the use of day light.

20. • Sun light is a free light available to humans in which even humans are much more
comfortable in comparison to conventional lightings. Hence the usage of sun light in
offices can be very economical idea for the industry. By simple addition of a few
windows to the buildings at the appropriate places can end up in lighting of much
larger areas in desired manners.
• Day lighting is a mixture of art and science involving an essential key to allow only
required light in the building.
• Poorly designed day lighting may do more harm than benefits.
• Day lighting can be applicable even cloudy climates.
• Usage of daylight sensitive lighting systems can be very advantageous for the
organisation.
• Sun light produces less heat per lighting area hence it can be very much useful for
reducing cooling loads.
• Spectrally selective tints or coatings may be used by the organizations to improve the
quality of illumination.
• Lighting is one of the fastest developing industries with modernisation occurring very
swiftly and efficiently. Energy efficient T5 andT8 linear fluorescent lighting systems,
LED powered DC lighting systems are in much use nowadays. Selection of energy
efficient lamps should be the starting point of deciding how to illuminate a particular
space effectively and efficiently. It has been understood long ago itself that the
conventional incandescent lamp is much less efficient than the fluorescent
counterparts. Further improvement in the lighting industry can be of great value for
the organisations and for the nature around us.

21. CONCLUSION
• In this paper, I have focused on the energy audits.These audits are very
important for the society.The buildings, offices, rooms etc. are designed
without taking into consideration of the use of energy efficient lighting
system.These buildings consume more energy as the energy required by
energy efficient structure design for the same. So, energy audits should be
done for conservation of energy.

22. REFRENCE
www.wikipedia.com
www.slideshare.com
http://www.wirefabrik.com/
www.webopedia.com
www.academia.com