pcnsdcno

1. M A D E B Y : I M A T S H O G U N I E V &
S O B I R S I N A V B A R O V
Nationalism
Ideas

2. What is nationalism(definition and theory)?
According to the nationalism philosophy
Each nation has a right to determine its
own destiny. The idea that the
boundaries of the country and the state
should coincide reflects this.

3. Nation V. State
 A State is a political entity that has sovereignty over its own
affairs.
 A Nation is a group with a common bond.
 Nation State
 Stateless Nation

4. Summary
The modern nation-state refers to a single or multiple nationalities joined together in a formal political
union. The nation-state determines an official language(s), a system of law, manages a currency system,
uses a bureaucracy to order elements of society, and fosters loyalties to abstract entities like "Canada,"
"the United States," and so on.
 What's the difference between these concepts?
 A nation-state differs from a "state" or a "nation" for a couple of important reasons:
 A nation refers only to a socio-cultural entity, a union of people sharing who can identify culturally
and linguistically. This concept does not necessarily consider formal political unions.
 A state refers to a legal/political entity that is comprised of the following: a) a permanent population;
b) a defined territory; c) a government ; and d) the capacity to enter into relations with other states.
 This distinction is an important one because we, as political scientists, must be able to account for both
political and socio-cultural factors in a political entity. Using the term nation-state, permits this
investigation.
The growth in the number of nation-states means that nation-states are going to have to cope with new
political, economic, and social realities. The new entrants in the political system bring with them new
opportunities for the international political system, but also bring new problems that the international
order must be able to approach and attempt to solve.

5. Ways to Create Nationalism
1. linguistic and cultural community
2. need primary education and a military conscription – both signs of
an advanced state.
 According to Anthony Smith, professor of Nationalism at LSE, the
preconditions for the formation of a nation are as follows:
i. A fixed homeland (current or historical)
ii. High autonomy
iii. Hostile surroundings
iv. Memories of battles
v. Sacred centers
vi. Languages and scripts
vii. Special customs
viii. Historical records and thinking

6. Nationalism ideologies from a political
perspective
 Cultural nationalism
 Liberal nationalism
 Conservative nationalism
 Chauvinistic or expansionist nationalism
 Anticolonial nationalism
 ‘Modernist’ approaches to nationalism

7. Cultural nationalism
As a type of ethnocentrism, cultural nationalism is the commitment to a
specific culture as a source of identity and a framework for explanation.
Q: What is the main difference between ethic group and a nation?
A: Ethnic groups are usually content to preserve their cultural identity
without demanding political independence. In reality, the distinction
between an ‘ethnic minority’ and a fully fledged ‘nation’ is often times
blurred
Which countries would fall into this category?
UK - founded on the union composed of four ‘cultural’ nations: the
English, the Scots, the Welsh and the Northern Irish. US - ‘land of
immigrants’; common allegiance to the liberal-democratic principles
expressed by the Declaration of Independence and the US Constitution.
France - the 1789 Revolution and the principles of liberty, equality and
fraternity serve as a foundation for French national identity.

8. Liberal nationalism
 Liberal nationalism is a sort of nationalism that is
based on the idea that all peoples have an equal right
to freedom and self-determination.
 On the other word liberal nationalism views
nationalism as a mechanism for securing a peaceful
and stable world order.
 Self-determination, tolerance, democracy and
individualism. Example Iran.

9. Conservative nationalism
 The promise of social cohesiveness and public order
that is expressed in the feeling of patriotism is what
conservative nationalism is concerned with.
 Conservatives see the nation as an organic entity
emerging out of a basic desire of humans to gravitate
towards those who have the same views, habits,
lifestyles and appearances as themselves.
 A significant example is South Tyrol, where the "national conservative"
movements speak for the region's majority of German-speakers and
identify with its German-speaking neighbors, particularly Austria, with
whom South Tyrol borders and which it has historical and cultural
links.

10. Chauvinistic or expansionist nationalism
 The foundation of chauvinistic or expansionist
nationalism is the idea that one's own country is
exceptional or unique, in some manner a "chosen
people," and that this superiority is frequently
manifested through militarism and aggressiveness.
 Such thinking is often linked to doctrines of racial
superiority or inferiority, other nations being viewed
as a source of fear or hatred.

11. Anticolonial nationalism
 While anticolonial nationalism and liberal
nationalism share certain similarities, anticolonial
nationalism aspired to combine national liberation
and social development and was frequently affiliated
with revolutionary Marxism-Leninism
 The most well-known anticolonial strategies used by
M.K. Gandhi's movement were those of nonviolent
resistance (ahimsa) against British Rule in India
(particularly Gandhi's Hind Swaraj).

12. ‘Modernist’ approaches to nationalism
 According to "Modernist" theories of nationalism,
rather than being historically rooted, nations
developed in response to socioeconomic
developments that eroded a sense of social identity.
 Gellner (1983) linked nationalism with the process
of industrialization: while pre-modern or ‘agro-
literate’ societies were structured by a network of
feudal bonds and loyalties, emerging industrial
societies promoted social mobility, self-striving and
competition, and so required a new source of social
solidarity. This was provided by nationalism,
especially through the device of the nation-state.