PPT

2. MADE BY: AHMAD
AURANGZEB

3.  Data communication refers to the exchange
of data between a source and a receiver via
form of transmission media such as a wire
cable. Data communication is said to be local if
communicating devices are in the same
building or a similarly restricted geographical
area.

5.  Message.
 Sender.
 Receiver.
 Medium (Communication Channel)
 Encoder & Decoder.

6.  MESSAGE: A verbal, written, or recorded communication sent to
or left for a recipient who cannot be contacted directly.
 SENDER: A person who sends or transmits a message, letter,
email, etc.
 RECEIVER: In the communication process, the "receiver" is the
listener, reader, or observer—that is, the individual (or the group
of individuals) to whom a message is directed.
 MEDIUM: In the communication process, a medium is a channel
or system of communication—the means by which information
(the message) is transmitted between a speaker or writer
(the sender) and an audience (the receiver)

7.  ENCODER & DECODER:

8.  Encoding is the process of turning thoughts into
communication. The encoder uses a ‘medium’ to send the
message — a phone call, email, text message, face-to-face
meeting, or other communication tool. The level of
conscious thought that goes into encoding messages may
vary. The encoder should also take into account any ‘noise’
that might interfere with their message, such as other
messages, distractions, or influences.
 The audience then ‘decodes’, or interprets, the message for
themselves. Decoding is the process of turning
communication into thoughts. For example, you may realize
you’re hungry and encode the following message to send to
your roommate: “I’m hungry. Do you want to get pizza
tonight?” As your roommate receives the message, they
decode your communication and turn it back into thoughts
to make meaning.

10.  1: SIMPLEX: It is only unidirectional. Only one
of the devices on the link can transmit, the
other can only receive. Eg, keyboards, monitor
 2: HALF-DUPLEX: In this both can send and
receive data But not at the same time. When
one device is sending other can only receive
and vice versa. Eg, Walkie Talkies
 3: FULL DUPLEX: In this both stations can
send and receive data simultaneously. Eg,
Telephone Lines.

12.  The first telephone call was made on March
10, 1876 by Alexander Graham Bell. Bell
demonstrated his ability to "talk with
electricity" by transmitting a call to his
assistant, Thomas Watson. The first words
transmitted were "Mr. Watson, come here.

13.  Using a dial-up line to transmit data is
similar to using the telephone to make a
call. A modem at the sending end dials
the telephone number of a modem at the
receiving end. When the modem at the
receiving end answers the call,
a connection is established and data can
be transmitted.

15.  Broadband started to replace dial-up in the
early 2000s, with half of all Internet users
possessing a broadband connection by
2007. Broadband allows a significantly higher
volume of data to be transferred at faster
speeds by using an DSL (Digital Subscriber
Line) connection.

16.  Wireless broadband is telecommunications
technology that provides high-
speed wireless Internet access or
computer networking access over a wide area.
The term comprises both fixed and
mobile broadband.

17.  Is broadband and Wi-Fi the same thing?
 Broadband internet is typically anything faster than dial-up
(cable, DSL, etc.) and in other words it provides high speed
internet. Wi-Fi is a technology that uses radio waves to
provide network connectivity. ... The
modern broadband high-speed internet is a faster version of
the traditional dial-up access method
 Broadband vs. Wi-Fi. Wi-Fi offers high speed
internet and the ability to connect multiple devices
instantly and freely, whereas Broadband is a
wired connection meaning that your system must
be physically connected with the broadband cable.
... Broadband provides a much more secure
connection

18.  Broadband includes several high-speed
transmission technologies such as:
 Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
 Cable Modem.
 Fiber.
 Wireless.

19.  The process of sending and receiving signals
through wireless networks involves two
devices, the transmitter and the receiver. The
receiver picks up the waves with its antenna or
aerial and turns the electric signal back into
sound where it can be heard.

20.  By 2050, humans will ditch speech
and communicate using nothing but their
thoughts. They'll do this through a 'collective
AI consciousness' that is part of the very fabric
of the human brain and can reveal what
anyone is thinking.