2. Definition
English grammar is the way in which meanings are
encoded into wordings in the English language. This
includes the structure of words, phrases, clauses,
and sentences, right up to the structure of whole
texts.
One of the most fundamental claims of modern
linguistic analysis is that all languages have
a grammar It could not be any other way. If a
language is spoken, it must have a phonetic and
phonological system; since it has words and
sentences, it must also have a morphology and a
syntax; and since these words and sentences have
systematic meanings, there must obviously be
semantic principles as well.
3. Once you have a general idea of the basic
grammar rules for sentence structure, it is also
helpful to learn about the parts of speech:
O A noun names a person, animal, place, thing,
quality, idea, activity, or feeling. A noun can be
singular, plural, or possessive.
O A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a
noun, like “I”, “you”, or “they.”
O A verb shows action and can be a main verb or
a helping verb, like “were” or “has.” Verbs also
indicate tense and sometimes change their
form to show past, present, or future tense.
Linking verbs link the subject to the rest of the
sentence and examples are: “appear” and
“seem.”
4. O An adjective modifies a noun or a pronoun. It
adds meaning by telling which one, what kind,
or describing it in other ways.
O An adverb will modify a verb and tell more
about it, like how much, when, where, why, or
how.
O A preposition shows a relationship between
nouns or pronouns. It is often used with a noun
to show location, like “beside,” “in,” or “on”. It
can also show time, direction, motion, manner,
reason, or possession.
O Conjunctions connect two words, phrases, or
clauses. Common conjunctions are “and”,
“but”, and “or.”
5. Differents
O Different theories of language result in
different types of grammatical description
based on different premises and with different
purposes. The first complementary
grammatical description we are going to look
at is sometimes referred to as traditional or
structural grammar, a grammar that divides
language on the basis of parts of speech,
units such as nouns, verbs, and adjectives. In
looking at parts of speech, or word
classes as they are also called, grammarians
divide up sentences or smaller units into their
constituent parts.
6. Comparison
of the Grammar between English
and Spanish
O While Spanish may not be the most difficult second
language for a native-English speaker to learn,
there are definitely quite a few things that one
might find strange, contrary or hard-to-grasp at
first.
O When studying Spanish, first recognizing the
similarities and differences between English is a
good practice to figure out what you already know,
and what needs work
7. Differences Between
Spanish and English
O Spanish nouns have a gender.
O Adjectives come after the noun.
O Negation is much simpler in Spanish.
O Possessive nouns don’t exist in
Spanish.
O In Spanish, the subject of a sentence
often doesn’t have to be stated.
O In Spanish, the verb “to have” is often
used to express feeling.
