NDTE- UNIT-I PPT.pptx

1. UNIT I
OVERVIEW OF
NDT
www.edubuzz360.com
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360

2. • OBJECTIVE:
• To study and understand the various Non Destructive Evaluation and Testing methods, theory
and their industrial applications.
• UNIT I OVERVIEW OF NDT [9]
• NDT Versus Mechanical testing, Overview of the Non Destructive Testing Methods for the
detection of manufacturing defects as well as material characterization. Relative merits and
limitations, Various physical characteristics of materials and their applications in NDT., Visual
inspection – Unaided and aided.
• UNIT II SURFACE NDE METHODS [9]
• Liquid Penetrant Testing - Principles, types and properties of liquid penetrants, developers,
advantages and limitations of various methods, Testing Procedure, Interpretation of results.
Magnetic Particle Testing- Theory of magnetism, inspection materials Magnetization methods,
Interpretation and evaluation of test indications, Principles and methods of demagnetization,
Residual magnetism.
• UNIT III THERMOGRAPHY AND EDDY CURRENT TESTING (ET) [9]
• Thermography- Principles, Contact and non contact inspection methods, Techniques for applying
liquid crystals, Advantages and limitation - infrared radiation and infrared detectors,
Instrumentations and methods, applications. Eddy Current Testing-Generation of eddy currents,
Properties of eddy currents, Eddy current sensing elements, Probes, Instrumentation, Types of
arrangement, Applications, advantages, Limitations, Interpretation/Evaluation.
• UNIT IV ULTRASONIC TESTING (UT) AND ACOUSTIC EMISSION (AE) [9]
• Ultrasonic Testing-Principle, Transducers, transmission and pulse-echo method, straight beam
and angle beam, instrumentation, data representation, A/Scan, B-scan, C-scan. Phased Array
Ultrasound, Time of Flight Diffraction. Acoustic Emission Technique – Principle, AE parameters,
Applications
• UNIT V RADIOGRAPHY (RT) [9]
• Principle, interaction of X-Ray with matter, imaging, film and film less techniques, types and use
of filters and screens, geometric factors, Inverse square, law, characteristics of films - graininess,
density, speed, contrast, characteristic curves, Penetrameters, Exposure charts, Radiographic
equivalence. Fluoroscopy- Xeray-Radiography, Computed Radiography, Computed Tomography
ME8097 -NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTING AND EVALUw
Aw
Tw
I.e
Odu
Nbuzz360.com
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360

3. • In the fast challenging world, newer materials and
products are being developed very rapidly.
• They developments taking place in view of,
• Increasing demand
• Better quality of products
• Greater efficiency
• Increased service life
• Cost effective
• Better design
www.edubuzz360.com
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360

4. TESTING
• Destructive Testing Or Mechanical Testing
• Non Destructive Testing
www.edubuzz360.com
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360

5. Destructive Testing Or Mechanical
Testing
• Properties can be studied
• Damaged and distracted
• Cost
• Not reused
www.edubuzz360.com
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360

6. Some destructive testing methods are
• Tensile test
• Hardness test
• Bending test
• Compression test
• Impact test
• Fatigue test
www.edubuzz360.com
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360

7. Non Destructive testing
•NDT techniques results in better understanding of the
material behavior and its allows the separation of defect
free and defective materials / products.
•In this method primarily meant for evaluation of
composites, tensile strength, fatigue behavior, material
properties, grain size, defects etc..
• Without destroying
• Disturbing the properties
• Reusable
• Low cost
www.edubuzz360.com
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360

8. Types of defects
• Inherent defect
- Manufacturing defect
• Processing defect
- Processing defect
• Service defect
- During service period
www.edubuzz360.com
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360

9. Some Non destructive testing methods are
• Penetrant Testing
• Magnetic Particle Testing
• Ultrasonic Testing
• Radiography Testing
• Eddy Current Testing
• Infrared Testing
• Vibration Analysis or Acoustic
• Neutron Radiography
www.edubuzz360.com
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360

10. Purpose of NDT
• To avoid failures, prevent accidents and save
human life
• To make profit for the user
• To ensure customer satisfaction and maintain
manufacture reputation
• To aid in better product design to control
manufacturing process
www.edubuzz360.com
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360

11. Selection of NDT
• Type and orgin of discontinuity
• Material manufacturing process
• Accessibility of component to perform NDT
• Type of equipment available
• Time available
www.edubuzz360.com
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360

12. Discontinuity
• Accepted or rejected
• Nature and size of defect
• Criteria (acceptance or rejection)
• Imperfection
• Cracks, porosity, inhomogeneity etc
• Evaluation of inspector is final
www.edubuzz360.com
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360

13. Types of discontinuity
• Inherent discontinuity
• Primary processing discontinuity
• Secondary discontinuity
• Service discontinuity
www.edubuzz360.com
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360

14. INHERENT DISCONTINUITY
(manufacturing)
• Cold shut
• Shrinkage
• Hot tear
• Blow holes
• Porosity
• Non metallic inclusion
• Segregation
www.edubuzz360.com
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360

15. • Seams
• Lamination
• Stringers
• Cupping
• Cooling cracks
• Forging and rolling laps
• Bursts
• Slugs
• Gauging
• Flakes
PRIMARY PROCESSING DISCONTINw
Uww.
Ied
Tu
b
Yu
z
z
360.c
o
m
(Standardization)
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360

16. SECONDARY DISCONTINUITY
• Grinding cracks
• Heat treatment cracks
• Machining tears
• Plating cracks
• Pickling cracks
www.edubuzz360.com
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360

17. SERVICE DISCONTINUTIES
• Fatigue cracks
• Creep cracks
• Stress corrosion cracks
• Hydrogen cracks
www.edubuzz360.com
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360

18. WELDING DEFECTS
• Cracks
• Porosity
• Solid inclusion
• Imperfect shape
• Miscellaneous defect
• Swell
www.edubuzz360.com
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360

19. VISUAL INSPECTION
• Oldest and most common method
• Low cost
• Surface level
• Low time consuming
• Inspectors vision and decision (experience and skill)
www.edubuzz360.com
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360

20. EQUIPMENTS
• Gauges
• Boroscopes
• Magnifying glasses
• Micrometers
• Mirrors
• UV Lights
www.edubuzz360.com
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360

21. TYPES OF VISUALINSPECTION:
1. Unaided Visual Inspection.
2. Aided Visual Inspection.
Unaided Visual Inspection:
• It is also known as direct visual inspection.
• It can be accomplished with the help of naked eye.
• Inspection can be done without using any optical aids.
• Defects Detected:
• Presence or absence of cracks, corrosion layer, position of the
cracks.
• Unfilled craters and contour of the welded parts.
• Surface porosity and general condition of the component.
• Misalignment of mated parts.
www.edubuzz360.com
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sss.edubuzz360