JST Sakura Program

1. 19 days JST Sakura program, an
overview.
Student members
Jyoti Khatiwada , Engineering Geology , TU
Aditya Dhungana, Engineering Geology , TU
Milan Bhusal, Engineering Geology , TU
Amit Prajapati, Earthquake Engineering , PU
Samjhana Manandhar, Earthquake Engineering , PU
Ishwor Raj Regmi , Earthquake Engineering , PU
Team leader . Asso. Prof Kiran Chandra Kawan, Khwopa Eng. College.
Guidance at Ehime University : Asso. Prof Netra Prakash Bhandary , Ehime University

2. Learning by seeing
Obviously Learning by seeing and observing in field is far more better
than text memorising.
In 19 days program , we did best utilize the time in gaining something
every moment. Prof. Dr. Bhandary and Dr. Tiwari helped us in every
way possible so that we could complete our program soundly.
Following task are main highlights of our program.

3. Learning by seeing
Micro tremor data
acquisition and its
interpretation
Visit to Kumamoto
earthquake disaster
area
Lab test . Triaxial
compression test
Ring shear test
Centrifuge machine
for soil test.
Visit to Beppu , Hot
spring area.
Students interactive
seminar (including
the students of
Ehime University)
Learning various
disaster mitigation
techniques.
Visit to Shimanami
Kurushima Bridge
system
Base Isolation
Technique

4. What we learnt beyond the
academics and practices
Japanese Culture
Hospitality and honesty of Japanese people
Time management
Traffic management
Solid waste segregation and management.
And of course some Japanese words .

5. Some Photographic interpretation
Photo Taken after Welcome party at Ehime University with faculty members.

6. Some Photographs in our program
Photo taken at Mt. Aso region. ( Volcanic Zone)
All the students prefer to be in line every where.
( here for lunch)

7. Contd…
All system are automatic. So least
human power is needed
Hot spring at Beppu

8. Best example of waste
management(Recycle)

9. Lecture class
Asso.Prof Bhandary taking
class prior to soil tests

10. Centrifuge model, for soil property analysis.
Dr. Bhandary telling How
centrifuge machine works.
Group Photo after observing the
Centrifuge machine.

11. Centrifuge machine
The scale model is typically constructed in the laboratory and then loaded onto the
end of the centrifuge, which is typically between 0.2 and 10 metres in radius. The
purpose of spinning the models on the centrifuge is to increase the g-forces on the
model so that stresses in the model are equal to stresses in the prototype.
A prototype is an early sample, model, or release of a product built to test a concept or process or to act as a thing to
be replicated or learned from.
For example, the stress beneath a 0.1-metre-deep (0.3 ft) layer of model soil spun
at a centrifugal acceleration of 50 g produces stresses equivalent to those beneath
a 5-metre-deep (16 ft) prototype layer of soil in earth's gravity.
The machine is worlds smallest centrifuge model which can increase the g-factor up
to 70 times.

12. A specimen is placed in a shear box which has two stacked rings to
hold the sample; the contact between the two rings is at
approximately the mid-height of the sample.
A confining stress is applied vertically to the specimen, and the
upper ring is pulled laterally until the sample fails, or through a
specified strain
The consolidated specimen should have at least height of 10 mm ; 7
mm at the bottom from the predetermined failure plane and 3 mm
above the shear surface.
Several specimens are tested at varying confining stresses to
determine the shear strength parameters, the soil cohesion (c) and
the angle of internal friction, commonly known as friction angle (phi
). The results of the tests on each specimen are plotted on a graph
with the peak (or residual) stress on the y-axis and the confining
stress on the x-axis. The y-intercept of the curve which fits the test
results is the cohesion, and the slope of the line or curve is the
friction angle.
Ring Shear Test
Fig. Ring Shear apparatus
Placing the clay sample in ring Shear machine

13. Highly sophisticated workshop
Visit to University workshop of mechanical engineering. Students can prepare
their designed model shape by themselves.

14. Manufactured materials in workshop and paper
models.

15. Microtremor survey on Ground
Learning how to conduct micro
tremor survey on ground.
Setting the apparatus
ready for survey.

16. Triaxial compression test
Learning Triaxial test technique.
Sample ready for the test

17. X ray diffraction
X ray diffraction machine and online graph obtained from the test

18. Samples for X ray diffraction test
Powder method
and Sediment
method

19. Base Isolation System for earthquake mitigation measure
This technique is very useful for the earthquake prone countries like Japan and Nepal too.
Fig : Base Isolated Building, ( part
of the Base of Building)

20. Rock Shade, effective measure for rock fall
protection.
Rock shed technique can be applied in case of Nepal too which
can be very effective for small dia rock fall .

21. Natural calamities
Flooding in south western Japan. More than 150 lost their life due to flooding

22. Kumamoto Earthquake
disaster area visit
Fig: Bridge damaged by Kumamoto
Earthquake.
The other traces of the
earthquake could be hardly seen.
All the demolished buildings and
other structure had been cleared
up .
But we lack to clear and
reconstruct the damage due
to Gorkha earthquake 2015
which is more than a year
older earthquake than
Kumamoto earthquake.

23. Visit to Shimanami Kurushima Bridge system
These structures are amazingly beautiful. The bridge
connects the Ehime Prefecture and Hirosima prefecture.

24. How was it helpful in our research
work.
Here , we learnt different soil test techniques under guidance of Asso.Prof. Dr. Netra
Prakash Bhandary.
He guided us in using the lab instruments for triaxial test, consolidation test and Ring
shear test.
Though it was short practice , we gained a lot of ideas from him.
We want to thank him, Dr. RC Tiwari as well as the related personnels who were
supportive in our program.
Sincere Thanks goes to Asso. Prof Dr. Ranjan Kumar Dahal for giving us this opportunity.

25. Thank You for your Kind
attention.