This document provides 30 multiple choice questions from the Strayer-University HAS 535 Final Exam Part 1. The questions cover topics in epidemiology including definitions of key terms like risk factors, proportions, incidence rates, and investigating disease outbreaks. They also include questions about specific diseases and conditions like anthrax, atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetes, malaria, and contraceptive use.

1. Strayer-University HAS 535 Final Exam
Part 1
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HSA535 Final Exam Part 1
• Question 1
Physical, biological, social, cultural, and behaviors that influence health are known as ____.
• Question 2
The course of a disease, if left untreated, is referred to as ____.
• Question 3
The first step in any epidemiological investigation is to ____.
Selected Answer:
describe the population demographically by age, race, sex, education, and other relevant indicators

2. Correct Answer:
describe the population demographically by age, race, sex, education, and other relevant indicators
• Question 4
Identifying diseases prior to the clinical stage means that prevention efforts can begin
immediately. Because the disease is already present, this is an example of ____ prevention.
• Question 5
James Lind (1716-1794) observed the effect of time, place, weather, and diet on the spread of
disease by ____.
• Question 6
0 out of 5 points
Risk factors or exposures that we think might affect the outcome are known as ____.
• Question 7
5 out of 5 points
A proportion measured over a period of time is known as a ____.
• Question 8

3. Consider a food borne illness that is being investigated from a restaurant during a one week
period. Anyone who ate at that restaurant, and had vomiting and diarrhea during that week, could
be considered a(n) ____ even if they had not gone to see their doctor.
• Question 9
The number of new cases of disease in a specified time (usually one year) divided by the
population “at-risk” to develop the disease is known as ____.
• Question 10
There is ____ in the overall crude death rate in the United States from the year 1900 until
1996.
• Question 11
The probability of death due to infectious disease in sub-Saharan Africa is ____%, but only
____% in developed countries, such as the United States.
• Question 12
How many new cases of HIV infection were reported in the United States for the year 2009?
• Question 13

4. The ultimate goal of an outbreak investigation is to control existing disease and ____, as well
as to find the cause of the problem.
• Question 14
One of the most common errors in an outbreak investigation is the failure to ____.
• Question 15
Once the population at risk has been identified, it’s finally time to develop a(n) ____ about
the suspected cause of the outbreak and then test it.
• Question 16
Which first generation vaccine was introduced in 1935?
• Question 17
Which sub-group is considered at the highest risk for anthrax infection?
• Question 18
5 out of 5 points

5. Anthrax is caused by ____.
• Question 19
It is now well documented that atherosclerosis, or “hardening of the arteries,” has its
beginning in ____ and therefore the public health emphasis on prevention and public policies need
to focus on earlier intensive interventions.
• Question 20
As the incidence and mortality of infectious diseases declined from the early 1900s onwards,
the incidence of cardiovascular disease ____.
• Question 21
The brain consists of two major hemispheres, the right and the left, which are joined by
tissue called the corpus callosum. The right hemisphere controls movements of which part of the
body?
• Question 22
What is the overall case fatality rate of lung cancer in the United States (men and women
combined)?
• Question 23

6. Cancer in the ____ is the second most common cancer when considering men and women
combined.
• Question 24
What is the strongest risk factor for developing cancer?
• Question 25
Where is the incidence of Type 1 diabetes mellitus highest?
• Question 26
What is the primary sugar in the blood?
• Question 27
Diabetes mellitus was the ____ leading cause of death in the United States in 2007.
• Question 28

7. Although malaria, spread by mosquitoes, occurs worldwide, 90% of all cases are found
mostly among children in what region?
• Question 29
The proportion of women in developing countries who report using contraceptives increased
from 50% in 1990 to ____ in 2005.
• Question 30
Although the life expectancy for most developing countries is lower than for developed
countries, much of the excess mortality is due to ____ mortality and ____ mortality rather than
diseases of old age.
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