The document describes 5 major terrestrial ecosystems: tundra, grasslands, tropical rainforests, deciduous forests, and deserts. Tundra is the coldest ecosystem located near the North Pole characterized by an absence of trees and presence of mosses, grasses, reindeer, arctic foxes, polar bears, and white wolves. Grasslands include savannahs in tropical areas and temperate grasslands in colder regions inhabited by elephants, giraffes, zebras, lions, coyotes, wolves, bison, prairie dogs, and antelopes. Tropical rainforests in warm, wet tropical areas contain evergreen trees, orchids, ferns,