Hong Kong is a special administrative region on the eastern side of the Pearl River estuary area. It was a British colony until 1997 but now has a high degree of autonomy as part of China. Hong Kong has a very high population density and is a global financial center. It uses Hong Kong dollars and has a simple tax system to support its economy, which is dominated by the tertiary sector. Hong Kong has a sub-tropical climate with hot summers and mild winters. The educational system is modeled after the UK system and Mandarin is incorporated into some schools.

1. HONG KONG

2. Hong Kong literally “ Fragrant harbor” or “Incense Harbour”,
officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s
Republic of China, is an autonomous territory south to Mainland China at
the Pearl River Estuary of the Asia Pacific. With a total land area of 1,106
square kilometers (427 sq mi ) and a population of over 7.3 million of various
nationalities, it ranks as the world’s fourth most densely populated most
sovereign state or territory.
After the First Opium War (1839-42), Hong Kong became a British
Colony with the perpetual cession of Hong Kong Island, followed by the
Kowloon Peninsula in 1860 and a99-year lease of the New territories from
1898. Hong Kong was later occupied by Japan during the Second World War
until British control resumed in 1945. In the early 1980’s, negotiations
between the United Kingdom and China resulted in the 1984 Sino-British
Joint Declaration, which paved way for the transfer of sovereignty of Hong
Kong in 1997, when it became a special administrative region ( SAR ) with a
high degree of autonomy.
Under the principle of “one country, two systems”, Hong Kong
maintains a separate political system from China. Except in military defence
and foreign affair, Hong Kong maintains its independent executive,
legislative and judiciary powers. In addition, Hong Kong develops relations
directly with foreign states and international organisations in a broad range
of appropriate fields.

3. Nicknamed the Pearl of the Orient”, Hong Kong is one of
the most significant global financial centres. It has the highest
Financial Development Index score and is ranked as the world’s
most competitive and most laissez-faire economic entity in the
World Competitiveness Yearbook.
Hong Kong uses Hong Kong dollar, the 13th most traded
currency, as legal tender. Hong Kong’s economy is characterized
by simple taxation with a competitive level of corporate tax and
supported by international confidence in its independent judiciary
system where the rule of rule, not rule by law, applies to legal
contractual proceedings. The tertiary sector of its economy is its
most dominant. While Hong Kong has one of the highest per
capita incomes in the world, it suffers from the most severe
income inequality among developed economies.
Hong Kong is renowned for its deep natural harbor, which
provides international cargo ships ready access, and its skyline,
with a very high density of skyscrapers, the territory boosts the
second largest number of high rises of any city in the world. Over
90% of population make use of well-developed public
transportation.

4. Regions and Districts
Hong Kong comprises three geographical regions, which
coincided with its historical expansion by the British colonial
government: Hong Kong Island, Kowloon (1860 ) and the New
Territories and Outlaying Islands (1898 ). The first establish
settlement is the City of Victoria on Hong Kong Island.

5. Geography
Hong Kong is located on China’s south coast, 60 km ( 37 mi ) east of Macau
on the opposite side of the Pearl River Delta. It surrounded by the South China Sea on
the east , south and west, and borders the Guangdong City of Shenzhen to the North
over the Shenzhen River. Hong Kong claims territorial waters to a distance of 3 nautical
miles ( 5.6 km ). Its land area makes Hong Kong the 167th largest inhabited territory in
the world.
As much of Hong Kong’s terrain is hilly to mountainous with steep slopes, less
than 25% of the territory’s landmass is developed, and about 40% of the remaining land
area is reserved as country parks and nature reserves.
Climate
Hong Kong has a sub-tropical climate with distinct seasons. The only
predictable weather events that could have a significant impact on your travel plans are
typhoons.
Typhoon season begins in May and ends in November. When a typhoon is
approaching, warnings are broadcast on television and radio. There are various degrees
of warning signals issued by the Hong Kong Observatory, but when the no.
8 signal is in place, most businesses and shops close down and flights may be
cancelled. There is a separate warning system for heavy rain.

6. • Spring (March to
May)
• Temperature and
humidity are rising.
Evenings can be
cool.
• Average
Temperature: 17oC
– 26 oC

7. • Summer (June to
August)
• Hot, humid and sunny,
with occasional
showers and
thunderstorms. The
temperature can exceed
31°C but high humidity
levels can make it feel
even hotter.
• Average Temperature:
26oC – 31 oC

8. • Autumn (September to
November)
• There are pleasant
breezes, plenty of
sunshine and comfortable
temperatures. Many
people regard these as
the best months of the
year to visit Hong Kong.
• Average Temperature:
19oC – 28 oC

9. • Winter (December to
February)
• Cool, dry and
cloudy, with
occasional cold
fronts. The
temperature can
drop below 10°C in
urban areas.
• Average
Temperature: 12oC
– 20 oC

10. Additional Info:
• Flag of Hong Kong
under British rule

11. • Flag of Hong
Kong SAR

12. TOURIST
SPOTS
IN
HONG KONG

13. The peak tower

14. Avenue of stars

15. Hongkong Disney land

16. Ladies market

17. Ocean park hongkong

18. CLOCK TOWER

19. Tsim Sha Tsui Promenade

20. Golden Bauhinia Square
(and HKCEC)

21. Repulse Bay and the
Beaches

22. Dragon's Back Hike

23. Victoria Central Business
District

24. Educational System
hong kong

25. Education in Hong Kong is
largely modeled on that of the
United Kingdom, particularly
the English system. It is
overseen by the Education
Bureau and the Social Welfare
Department.

26. Small village Chinese schools were
observed by the British missionaries
when they arrived circa 1843.Anthony
Sweeting believes those small village
schools existed in Chek Chue (modern-
day town of Stanley), Shek Pai
Wan, Heung Kong Tsai (modern-day
Aberdeen) and Wong Nai Chong on Hong
Kong Island, although proofs are no
longer available.

27. One of the earliest schools with reliable
records was Li Ying College established in
1075 in present-day New Territories. By
1860 Hong Kong had 20 village schools.
Chinese who were wealthy did not
educate their children in Hong Kong,
instead they sent them to major Chinese
cities, such as Canton, for traditional
Chinese education.

28. The changes came with the arrival of
the British in 1841. At first Hong
Kong's education came
from Protestant and Catholicmission
aries who provided social services.
Italian missionaries began to
provide boy-only education to British
and Chinese youth in 1843.

29. By 1861 Frederick Stewart would
become "The Founder of Hong Kong
Education" for integrating a modern
western-style education model into
the Colonial Hong Kong school system. In
1862, the first government
school, Queen's College (then
Government Central School) was set up,
with Stewart serving as the first
Headmaster.

30. One of the much contested debates was whether
schools should offer Vernacular education,
teaching in Chinese at all. Education was
considered a luxury for the elite and the rich. The
first school to open the floodgate of western
medical practice to East Asia was the Hong Kong
College of Medicine for Chinese. The London
Missionary Society and Sir James Cantlie started
the Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese in
1887 (although, the 'for Chinese' was later dropped
from the name).

31. In addition, the London Missionary
Society founded Ying Wa Girls' School in
1900. Belilios Public School was a girls'
secondary school founded in 1890 – the first
government school in Hong Kong that provided
bilingual education in English and Chinese. The
push for Chinese education in a British system
did not begin until the rise of social awareness
of the Chinese community following the
1919 May Fourth Movementand 1934 New Life
Movement in China

32. Educating the poor did not become a priority
until they accounted for the majority of the
population. Financial issues were addressed
in the 1970s. A small group of South
Asian Hong Kongers marched
through Centraldemanding more schooling in
the English language on 3 June 2007. In the
2013/14 school year, there are 569 primary
schools, 514 secondary day schools and 61
special schools.

33. Pre-school education in Hong Kong is not free
and fees are payable by pupils' parents.
However, parents whose children have the
right of abode in Hong Kong can pay for part
of their fees with a voucher from the
government under the Pre-primary Education
Voucher Scheme (PEVS). In 2013, the amount
of subsidy under the PEVS is $16,800
Pre-school education

34. School years

35. Age on
birthday
in school
year
Year Curriculum Stages Schools
2
N/A Pre-school Education
N/A
Kinderg
arten
3
Nursery School
4
5
6 Primary 1
Primary Education Primary School
or Junior School
Middle
School
7 Primary 2
8 Primary 3
9 Primary 4
10 Primary 5
11 Primary 6

36. 12 Secondary 1
Secondary
Education
Secondary
Education
Secondary
Education
Secondary
School, Six
th Form
College, or
High
School
ESFSecond
ary School
13 Secondary 2
14 Secondary 3
15 Secondary 4
Diploma of
Secondary
Education
GCSE / IGC
SE
16 Secondary 5
Internation
al
Baccalaure
ate17
Secondary 6
{HKDSE}
/ Lower Sixth
A
levels / Int
ernational
Baccalaure
ate
18
Local
undergraduate
programme
N/A N/A N/A N/A

37. Children receive primary education
usually from the age of 6 until 12. Six
subjects are studied, including English,
Chinese, mathematics, General Studies,
music, visual arts and physical education.
At schools with religious affiliations,
religious education or bible studies may
be studied as well.
Primary education

38. Secondary education is separated into junior and
senior years. In junior years, the curriculum is a
broad one where history, geography and science
are studied alongside subjects that have already
been studied at primary schools. In senior years,
this becomes more selective and students have a
choice over what and how much is to be studied.
Almost all schools but PLK Vicwood KT Chong Sixth
Form College and its feeder junior secondary
college have both sessions.
Secondary education

39. Commerce stream in secondary schools are
considered vocational in nature. Students in the Commerce
stream would usually enter the workplace to gain practical
work experience by this point. Further education pursuit in
Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education or universities
abroad are common. The Manpower Development
Committee(MDC) advices the government on co-ordination,
regulation and promotion of the sector. In addition,
the Vocational Training Council (VTC) ensures the level of
standard is met through the "Apprentice Ordinance". The VTC
also operate three skills-centres for people with disabilities.
secondary schools in Hong Kong are going to be cut down to
only two years due to the switch in the government.
Further education

40. International institutions provide both primary and secondary
education in Hong Kong. International institutions like schools
within the English Schools Foundation, Li Po Chun United
World College, Hong Kong International School, American
International School Hong Kong, Chinese International
School, Victoria Shanghai Academy German Swiss International
School, Canadian International School, Hong Kong Japanese
School, French International School, Yew Chung International
School, Po Leung Kuk Choi Kai Yau School, Singapore
International School and Harrow International School Hong
Kong teach with English as the primary language, with some
sections bilingual in German, French and Chinese.
Alternative education options

41. International school students rarely take
Hong Kong public exams. British students
take GCSE, IGCSE and A-levels. US students
take APs. Increasingly, international schools
follow the International Baccalaureate (IBDP)
program, and enter universities through non-
JUPAS direct entry. International students
apply on a per school basis, whereas Hong
Kong local students submit 1 application for
multiple local universities as a JUPAS
applicant

42. Higher education remains exclusive in
Hong Kong. Fewer than 20,000 students
are offered places funded by the
government every year, although this
number has more than doubled over the
last three decades.
As a result, many continue their studies
abroad.
Tertiary and Higher education

43. The Education Bureau provides education services for
immigrant children from Mainland China and other
countries, as well as non-Cantonese-speaking Hong Kong
children. Free "Induction Programmes" of up to 60 hours
have been offered to NAC by non-government
organizations. The EMB also provides a 6-month full-time
"Initiation Programme" incorporating both academic and
non-academic support services, for NAC before they are
formally placed into mainstream schools. Hayes Tang
(2002) provided a good sociology of education thesis on
the NACs' adaptation and school performance.
Education for immigrant and non-Cantonese-speaking children

44. With the advent of education reform there is a greater
emphasis on group projects, open-ended assignments on top
of traditional homework. The current workload of a primary
student in Hong Kong includes approximately two hours of
schoolwork nightly. Along with extra-curricular activities, Hong
Kong's education has become synonymous for leaning towards
quantity. As early as March 1987, education advisory
inspectors became concerned with the excessive amounts of
"mechanical work and meaningless homework". In particular,
history education has been recognized as ineffective, with
critics claiming that the curriculum is not capable of delivering
a sense of identity. Not only that, students have to memorize
the whole history texts, thereby indicating that rote-learning
has greater priority than absorbing and understanding
material.
Education reform

45. Some have criticised the system for having too
narrow of a stream focus, too early
on. Legco Member Alan Leong of the pointed
out in a guest lecture at the Chinese University
of Hong Kong that secondary level science
students are incapable of participating in
meaningful discussions on history, arts, or
literature. Vice versa journalists of arts stream
background are incapable of accurately
discussing technological issues. The narrow
focus of education in Hong Kong has been a
concern.

46. EDUCATIONAL
FACILITIES IN
HONG KONG

47. Hong Kong Teachers' Centre

48. Pc work stations

49. Harrow international hong kong

50. Music room

51. fitness room

52. indoor room for pe lessons

53. Innovation center

54. General Education and Integrative Learning at City
University of Hong Kong

55. Hong kong innovative schools

56. The Hong Kong workshop teaching kids to make drones,
robots, wearable tech and 3D printers: MakerBay the new
high-tech haven for young innovators

57. Educational
Technology
HONG KONG

58. The Hong Kong Education Bureau has been
promoted electronic teaching and learning
in primary and secondary schools recently.
There is a three- year project – School E-
Learning Polite Project that has received
government funding of HK$ 60 million.
True Light Middle School of Hong Kong and
its three affiliate schools received about
HK$ 2 million from the project fund to buy
96 iPads for English teaching.

59. In the meantime, the City
University of Hong Kong
financed itself to buy 400 iPads
and iPod Touches for the newly
promoted “mobile- learning”
scheme.

61. In fact, technology is
transforming the way of
traditional teaching and
learning. In Hong Kong,
the educators are also
fans of technology.