Facts About Fossil Fuels_DEPA

Working for you in DC
• Professional lobbyists
• Non-Partisan
• Taxes – IDC’s, Percentage Depletion
• Crude Oil export ban
• Regulatory

• DEPA is advocating that U.S. gas pipeline permitting be federal permit by rule.
• DEPA supports the expansion of natural gas, NGL and crude oil pipelines to transport domestic
products to markets.
• Expedite the DOE/FERC permitting of new installations of LNG export facilities.
• DEPA supports the administration in its efforts to mitigate resistance and threats to strategic domestic
energy infrastructure projects.
• Through the efforts of DEPA, and others, CFIUS reform was recently signed into law. DEPA supports
rulemaking that follows outlining the specific protection of critical energy infrastructure in America.
Vital U.S. Infrastructure
Improvements

• DEPA recommends that all federal permitting processes be consolidated under one cooperative
multi-jurisdictional agency.
• DEPA supports granting states primacy on any federal permit process that is currently being
duplicated.
• Eliminate federal permitting requirements for wells drilled on private or state surface.
• DEPA has recommended that The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) be modernized to
accommodate activities associated with the drilling of unconventional horizontal oil and gas
wells.
Streamlined Permitting
Process for Energy
Exploration and Recovery

• 45Q-Carbon capture tax credits should apply to domestic energy development.
• Prohibit states from condemning the development of oil and gas resources on private
property without due process or just compensation.
• Address and review EPA greenhouse gas endangerment findings and where such
findings are flawed, revise or rescind all subsequent rules and regulations resulting from
such findings.
• DEPA has asked that the EPA review its enforcement process and create a program that
treats the regulated community with objectivity, reasonableness and equitably.
• DEPA encourages modernization of royalty valuation regulations by eliminating outdated
concepts which do not reflect the realities of today’s energy marketplace.
Returning to Common Sense
Regulatory Policy

• Remove the 5-year SEC limit on reporting reserves, which leads to grossly underestimating the
available supply of U.S. oil and gas undermining energy security and independence.
• DEPA has provided testimony on a modernized financial reporting mechanism that focuses on
longer term shareholder value rather than short-term quarter by quarter growth.
• Incentivize, by regulatory streamlining, the expansion and retrofitting of U.S. refineries and petro
chemical plants so they may more efficiently process domestically produced oil and gas.
• Establish a consistent regulation for venting and flaring royalty evaluation on federal lands.
• Protect and preserve energy rich U.S. territorial and international waters from foreign incursion.
Domestic Asset Development
and Utilization

• Stop Picking Winners and Losers in energy, let the market work. Federal energy and
tax policy should treat all energy sources equally, allowing market demand to drive
efficiencies.
• Nullify state mandated renewable portfolio for electric generation as a violation of
interstate commerce.
• DEPA has urged the Administration to conduct a comprehensive review of the
Renewable Fuel Standards (RFS) and other similar programs to determine what is
appropriate in light of America’s energy abundance and reduce or eliminate outdated,
burdensome and costly requirements.
Free Markets for
All forms of Energy

In 2016
‘Keep It In the Ground Act’ to Prohibit New Fossil
Fuel Extraction on Public Lands
UPDATE!
GREEN NEW DEAL!!
Climate Change Committee

Strategic philanthropy in the post‐Cap‐and‐Trade years: Reviewing U.S. climate and energy
foundation funding
Matthew C. Nisbet
First published: 22 May 2018

Sierra Club . . .
• “The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) was established to protect America's
drinking water from being contaminated. However, the Energy Policy Act of
2005 -- also known as the "Halliburton Loophole" – exempted fracking
from SDWA oversight, leaving drinking water sources in the 34 oil-and-gas-
producing states unprotected from the host of toxic chemicals used during
fracking, while exempting the industry from being held accountable for its
pollution.”

You Need FACTS
• Arm Yourself and be ready at
anytime to use your FACTS
• You will most likely know much
more about the issue than others
• Try to be calm and professional

UC study finds no evidence of drinking water
contamination from fracking
The three-year study found no relationship between methane concentrations in groundwater and
proximity to natural gas wells.
“Some people had elevated concentrations of methane in their groundwater, but the isotopic composition
showed it wasn’t from natural gas. It was from a different source,” Townsend-Small said. “What we found is in
most cases it was probably from underground coal in the area or biological methane produced in groundwater.”
UC researchers collected 180 groundwater samples in total at homes in the three counties. Some of the sites
were sampled multiple times. In particular, researchers looked for evidence of methane, the primary compound
in natural gas. They also studied changes in the acidity or pH of the water, and changes to its conductivity.
They found no increase in methane concentration or composition in groundwater over the four years of the
study, despite the presence of new shale gas wells drilled in the study area. Likewise, they did not find higher
methane levels in closer approximation to shale drilling.

Report Finds U.S. Natural Gas Methane Emissions Have
Little Climate Change Impact
This data illustrates why a 2016 University of Oxford study found that many environmentalists
are overstating the contribution of methane emissions to climate change. Oxford climate
scientist and co-author Raymond Pierrehumbert told the Washington Post.
Notably, the United States has reduced carbon emissions 14 percent since 2005, with about
two-thirds of those reductions attributable to increased natural gas use made possible by
hydraulic fracturing technology. In fact, we are already halfway toward our Paris Climate Accord
commitments, even though the Trump administration plans to withdraw from the agreement.
The U.S. has also reduced methane emissions from natural gas development by 16 percent
since 1990 at the same time natural gas production has increased 50 percent.

What good are fossil fuels?
• Gasoline
• Diesel fuel
• Jet fuel
• Electricity
• Heating and cooling
• Lubricants
• Synthetic fibers
• Plastics
• Food preservatives
• Fertilizers
• Asphalt
• Shampoo
• Cosmetics
• Medicines
• Tires
• Shoes
• Glasses
• TV’s
• Cell Phones
• Computers
• Tennis Balls
• Basketballs
• Soaps
• Concrete
• Steel

Fossil Fuel Use and Life Expectancy in China and India

U.S. Air Pollution Goes Down
Despite Increasing Fossil Fuel Use

Health Trends Improving Across the Board
and Around the World
Infant mortality, children under 5, malnutrition and life expectancy at birth.

We can eliminate all fossil fuels
by 2050
100% Clean and Renewable Wind, Water and
Sunlight (WWS) vision from a report
by Jacobson, Delucci and others

Robert Lyman, an energy economist,
took a look at the claim –
• Some facts:
Fossil fuels represent 87.1% of all current
energy use
• Renewables currently represent 0.3%

A 1000-MW solar photovoltaic (PV) facility would require about
8,000 acres (14 square miles) according to U.S, DOE. Accounting for
range of capacity factors (17-28%) you would need 3,300-5,400MW
of PV capacity to = 1000MW. So, 45-75 square miles of land to = one
1000MW nuclear plant. Land surface needed for the 46,480 PV
plants the U.S. would need for the WWS would require 650,720
square miles! Almost 20% of the lower 48 (size of TX, CA, AZ, NV).
A 1000MW wind farm would require 85,240 acres or about 133
square miles according to U.S. DOE. Again accounting for range of
capacity factors (32-47%) you need 1,900-2,800MW of installed
capacity to = 1000MW nuclear plant. So land needed to = 1000MW
nuclear plant with wind would require 260-360 square miles.

Tom Tamarkin analyzed what would be required under
scenarios in which solar power were used to replace 440MW of
electricity generating capacity. Tamarkin concluded you would
need 29.3 billion solar panels and 4.4 million battery modules.
Which would require 18,226 square miles with zero space
between panels. Assuming you could build one panel per
second it would take 929 years.
According to U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory
study assuming no growth in demand for the next 35 years to
go completely solar would require 28-48GW of additional load
balancing by 2050, compared to 15.6MW in 2009, and installing
30-180 million new MW-miles in transmission lines.

In 2012 worldwide wind turbines produced 521Terawatt
hours of electricity. The U.S. has more wind capacity than
any other country about 60,000MW at the end of 2012. To
just keep pace with electricity demand growth the world
would need to install about four times as much wind
capacity as the U.S. has right now and do this every year!
How much land would all those wind turbines require?
375 billion square kilometers (about the size of Germany)
And you have to do this every year!

To replace 54 million barrels per day
(about 60%) of global oil production
with corn ethanol it would take a corn
field the size of the U.S., China and India
– Which is larger than the currently used
arable land in the world.
References for previous six slides
Why Renewable Energy Cannot Replace Fossil Fuels By 2050 – Robert Lyman
Avoiding Bioenergy Competition for Food Crops and Land
Killing Wildlife In the Name of Climate Change
Can Solar Energy Replace All U.S. Hydrocarbon Production
Land Requirements for Carbon-Free Technologies

DiCaprio calls for end of fossil fuel dependence at
World Economic Forum and Private Jet Parade
Leo, why not demand Hollywood
hypocrites end their dependence
on party superyachts owned by
leaders of the United Arab
Emirates?
This might also contribute to a
reduction in fossil fuel dependence.

So what’s the carbon footprint of a wind turbine
with 45 tons of rebar & 481m3 of concrete?
Its carbon footprint is massive – try 241.85 tons of CO2.
Here’s the breakdown of the CO2 numbers.
To create a 1,000 Kg of pig iron, you start with 1,800 Kg of iron ore, 900 Kg of coking coal 450 Kg of limestone. The blast furnace consumes 4,500 Kg of air. The
temperature at the core of the blast furnace reaches nearly 1,600 degrees C (about 3,000 degrees F). The pig iron is then transferred to the basic oxygen furnace to
make steel. 1,350 Kg of CO2 is emitted per 1,000 Kg pig iron produced.
Further 1,460 Kg CO2 is emitted per 1,000 Kg of Steel produced so all up 2,810 Kg CO2 is emitted.
45 tons of rebar (steel) are required so that equals 126.45 tons of CO2 are emitted.
To create a 1,000 Kg of Portland cement, calcium carbonate (60%), silicon (20%), aluminum (10%), iron (10%) and very small amounts of other ingredients are
heated in a large kiln to over 1,500 degrees C to convert the raw materials into clinker. The clinker is then interground with other ingredients to produce the final
cement product. When cement is mixed with water, sand and gravel forms the rock-like mass know as concrete.
An average of 927 Kg of CO2 is emitted per 1,000 Kg of Portland cement. On average, concrete has 10% cement, with the balance being gravel (41%), sand (25%),
water (18%) and air (6%). One cubic meter of concrete weighs approx. 2,400 Kg so approx. 240 Kg of CO2 is emitted for every cubic meter.
481m3 of concrete are required so that equals 115.4 tons of CO2 are emitted.
Now I have not included the emissions of the mining of the raw materials or the transportation of the fabricated materials to the turbine site so the emission
calculation above would be on the low end at best.
• August 2014 - Web site Stopthesethings.com

But wait . . .
It is hotter now than EVER!!!!

In 1999, NASA showed the US
cooling from 1930 to 1998.

That didn’t suit their funding needs,
so they changed the 1930-1998 cooling into warming.

Sea level has risen
400 feet in the last
20,000 years –
almost all of that
before 8,000 years
ago. It has
nothing to do
with humans.

ENERGY SOURCE GENERATION (MegaWatt Hours)
Coal 1,145,962,192
NaturalGas 1,468,726,624
Nuclear 807,084,477
Hydroelectric 292,523,989
Wind 272,649,789
Wood 41,005,309
Petroleum 25,225,639
Other Biomass 17,410,254
Geothermal 15,967,134
Other 12,973,204
Other Gases 13,462,749
SolarThermal – Photovoltaic 63,825,323
Coal includes anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and synthetic coal.
Other includes non-biogenic municipal solid waste, batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, tire-derived fuels, and miscellaneous technologies.
Other Biomass includes biogenic municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, agricultural byproducts, other biomass solids, other biomass liquids, and other biomass gases (including
digester gases and methane).
Other Gases includes blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil fuels.
Petroleum includes distillate fuel oil (all diesel and No. 1, No. 2, and No. 4 fuel oils), residual fuel oil (No. 5 and No. 6 fuel oils and bunker C fuel oil), jet fuel, kerosene, petroleum coke, and
waste oil.
Wood and Wood Derived Fuels includes paper pellets, railroad ties, utility poles, wood chips, bark, red liquor, sludge wood, spent sulfite liquor, and black liquor, with other wood waste solids
and wood-based liquids.
Source EIA 2018

Coal 690,386
NaturalGas 50,810,426
Nuclear 42,919,011
Wind 3,998,330
Wood 525,768
Petroleum 1,390,710
Geothermal 0
Other 873,145
Other Gases 0
SolarThermal – Photovoltaic 297,472
waste oil.
Source EIA 2018

ENERGY SOURCE GENERATION (Mega Watt Hours)
Coal 281,328
Nuclear 18,213,519
Wind 14,023,951
Wood 3,122,571
Petroleum 68,878
Geothermal 11,676,841
Other 828,768
Other Biomass includes biogenic municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, agricultural byproducts, other biomass solids, other biomass liquids, and other biomass gases (including digester gases and methane).
Petroleum includes distillate fuel oil (all diesel and No. 1, No. 2, and No. 4 fuel oils), residual fuel oil (No. 5 and No. 6 fuel oils and bunker C fuel oil), jet fuel, kerosene, petroleum coke, and waste oil.
Wood and Wood Derived Fuels includes paper pellets, railroad ties, utility poles, wood chips, bark, red liquor, sludge wood, spent sulfite liquor, and black liquor, with other wood waste solids and wood-based liquids.
Source EIA 2018

Coal 111,722,643
Nuclear 41,185,739
Wind 75,700,434
Wood 1,004,874
Petroleum 129,313
Other Biomass 585,208
Geothermal 0
Other 452,629
waste oil.
Source EIA 2018

Jerry Simmons, Executive Director
405-669-6646 info@depausa.org
www.depausa.org

Facts About Fossil Fuels_DEPA

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