oral communication

1. Articulation
Modulation
Stage presence
Facial Expressions
Gestures
Movements
Rapport with the
Audience

2. • It refers to how well you pronounce the
words which includes the proper
production and formation of the vowel
and consonant sounds
• It is the result of the movement of the
articulators (movable parts of the mouth)
towards the point of articulators (fixed
points)

3. • Consonants are formed by interrupting,
restricting or diverting the airflow in
variety of ways.
• There are three ways of describing the
consonant sounds:
- Manner of Articulation
- Place of Articulation
- Force of Articulation

4. • Plosive/Stop-Involves a complete closure of the articulators thus total
blockage of airflow e.g. /p/
• Affricate-A complete closure is made in the mouth and the soft palate is
raised. Air pressure increases behind the closure, and is released more
slowly than the plosive. e.g. /t/
• Fricative-When two vocal organs come close enough together for the movement
of air between them to be heard e.g. If/
• Nasal-A closure is made by the lips, or by the tongue against the palate,
the soft palate is low-ered, and air escapes through the nose. e.g. /m/
• Lateral-A partial closure is made by the blade of the tongue against the
alveolar ridge. Air is able to flow around the sides of the tongue. / r/
• Approximant-Consonants with a greater opening in the vocal tract than
fricatives but not so close as to cause audible friction e.g. /i/

5. • Bilabial-Using closing movement of both lips. e.g. /b/
• Labio-Dental-Using the lower lip and the upper teeth e.g. /f/
• Dental-The tongue tip is used either between the teeth or
close to the upper teeth e.g. soft th
• Alveolar-The blade of the tongue is used close to the
alveolar ridge e.g./n/
• Palato-Alveolar-The blade (or tip) of the tongue is used just
behind the alveolar ridge. e.g. /r/
• Palatal-The front of the tongue is raised close to the hard
palate. e.g. li/
• Velar-The back of the tongue is used against the soft palate.
e.g. /k/
• Glottal-The gap between the vocal cords is used to make
audible friction. e.g. /h/

6. • Voiced-when the vocal cord are
closed, the flow of air produces
friction. It produces vibration
• Unvoiced- when the vocal cords are
open. The air flows freely, there is
no vibration.
• Vowels- are produced with little or
no obstruction of the air