Teknologi Mobil Hybrid

1. Apa itu Hybrid Vehicle /
Kendaraan Hybrid?
ID: HV_TT_P01_001_E0

2. What is a Hybrid Vehicle?
Mengapa kita butuh kendaraan Hybrid?
◦ Tumbuhnya jumlah dari pasar kendaraan roda empat
ID: HV_TT_P01_002_E0

3. What is a Hybrid Vehicle?
Mengapa kendaraan Hybrid dibutuhkan saat ini?
◦ Meningkatnya konsumsi energi di dunia saat ini
Energy
Consumption
(Mtoe)
1990 2000 2010 2020 2030
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
(Mtoe: Million Tonnes of Oil Equivalent)
ID: HV_TT_P01_003_E0
Year

4. What is a Hybrid Vehicle?
Mengapa kendaraan Hybrid dibutuhkan saat ini?
◦ Global warming yang disebabkan oleh gas CO2 (Karbon
Dioksida)
CO
2
Concentration
500
300
260
600
400
(ppmv)
1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
CO2
ID: HV_TT_P01_004_E0
tahun

5. What is a Hybrid Vehicle?
Mengapa kendaraan Hybrid dibutuhkan saat ini?
Kendaraan ramah lingkungan yang memiliki konsumsi
bahan bakar yang lebih rendah dan rendah emisi CO2
sangat dibutuhkan
ID: HV_TT_P01_005_E0

6. Hybrid Vehicle
Technology
What is a Hybrid Vehicle?

7. What is a Hybrid Vehicle?
Mengapa kendaraan Hybrid dibutuhkan saat ini?
◦ Hybrid technology sebagai dasar untuk mengembangkan
ultimate “Eco-car”.
•Low CO2 emission
•Clean emission
Plug-in
HV
FCHV
THS II
Ultimate eco-car
CNG
DPNR
Common-rail VVT-i
Lean Burn
D-4
EV
Diesel
Engine
Alternative
Energy
Gasoline
Engine
Electrical
Energy
Diesel
HV
Synthetic Fuels
Biofuels
Alternative
Fuel HV
ID: HV_TT_P01_006_E0

8. Jenis Hybrid System
1 | Sistem Hybrid Seri
Aliran energi listrik
Aliran energi kinetik
1
Mesin memutar generator.
1
Generator mengubah energi kinetik menjadi
energi listrik yang kemudian disalurkan ke
batere untuk disimpan.
2 2
4
Motor listrik memutar roda.
4
Batere memberikan energi listrik kepada
motor listrik.
3
3
Batere
Mesin
Motor Listrik
Generator

9. Jenis Hybrid System
2 | Sistem Hybrid Paralel
Mesin terhubung dengan transmisi
(seperti pada mobil biasa).
1
1
Batere memberikan energi listrik kepada
motor listrik.
2
2
Mesin (melalui transmisi) dan motor
listrik bersama-sama memutar roda.
3
3
Batere
Transmisi
Mesin
Aliran energi listrik
Aliran energi kinetik
Motor Listrik

10. Jenis Hybrid System
3 | Sistem Hybrid Seri-Paralel
Mesin memutar Power Split Device.
1
1
Power Split Device mendistribusikan energi
kinetik ke generator dan roda, atau ke
generator saja (tergantung kebutuhan).
2
2
5
Motor listrik memutar roda.
5
Generator mengubah energi kinetik menjadi
energi listrik yang kemudian disalurkan ke
batere untuk disimpan.
3
3
Batere memberikan energi listrik kepada
motor listrik.
4
4
Batere
Mesin
Generator
Power Split
Device
Aliran energi listrik
Aliran energi kinetik
Motor Listrik

11. Tipe dari Sistem Hybrid
◦ Perbandingan Hybrid System
System
Fuel Economy Improvement Driving Performance
Idling
Time
Reduction
Energy
Recovery
High-efficiency
Operation
Control
Total
Efficiency
Acceleration
Continuous
High
Output
Series      
Parallel      
THS
(Series-
parallel)
     
: Excellent : Very Good : Somewhat Unfavorable
ID: HV_TT_P01_010_E0

12. Fitur-fitur dari THS (TOYOTA Hybrid System)
◦ 4 fungsi utama
Idling Time
Reduction
Regenerative
Braking
Motor
Assist
EV
Drive
ID: HV_TT_P01_011_E0
THS

13. What is a Hybrid Vehicle?
Fitur-fitur dari THS (TOYOTA Hybrid System)
◦ THS Operation (Outline)
Starting from
Rest
Normal
Driving Acceleration Deceleration Stopped
Motor Only Motor and Engine Motor and Engine
(Additional Electricity
Extracted from
Battery)
Charging
Battery
Engine
Automatically
Stopped
ID: HV_TT_P01_012_E0

14. What is a Hybrid Vehicle?
Fitur-fitur dari THS (TOYOTA Hybrid System)
◦ Perbandingan conventional vehicle / Toyota Hybrid System
Item
Conventional
Vehicle
Hybrid Vehicle
(THS)
Note about THS
Sumber
Tenaga
Engine
•Engine
•Motor
•Generator
•Menggunakan motor apabila
memungkinkan (engine off)
•Tenaga mesin digunakan untuk
menggerakkan kendaraan dan
menghasilkan kelistrikan
Transmisi
•A/T
•M/T
•CVT
Power Splitting
Device
•Memisahkan mesin, motor, dan
generator tenaga.
•Berfungsi seperti CVT.
Pengere
man
Hydraulic
Brakes
•Hydraulic
Brakes
•Regenerative
Brakes
Penggunaan sistem pengereman
hidraulik dan regeneratif secara
terpadu.
Battery 12 V Battery
•12 V Battery
•201.6 V Battery
Tegangan tinggi digunakan untuk
menggerakkan kendaraan
menggunakan motor
Power-
train
Control
ECM
•HV ECU
•ECM
•Inverter
Komponen untuk mengontrol mesin,
motor, dan generator.
ID: HV_TT_P01_013_E0

15. ID: HV_TT_P01_001_E0
Hybrid System
Components

16. 16
Hybrid Identification
Emblem with Blue Accent
Front Emblem Rear Emblem
Hybrid Emblem

17. 17
Hybrid Identification
Part with Blue Accent
Head Lamp LampRear Combination
Shift Lever Scuff plate

18. 18
HYBRID CONCERN

19. Main Component THS
Power Cable
Inverter with Converter Assembly
• Boost Converter • Inverter
• MG ECU
• DC/DC Converter
for Auxiliary Battery
Auxiliary Battery
(Sealed Type)
ECM
2ZR-FXE
Engine
Power Management
Control ECU (HV CPU)
Cooler
Compressor with
Motor Assembly
P410 Hybrid Transaxle
• MG1 • MG2
HV Battery Unit
• Battery Module
(DC 201.6 V)
• Junction Block
• Battery Smart Unit

20. THS II (TOYOTA Hybrid System)
 System Diagram
HV
Battery
Brake Actuator
Auxiliary
Battery
Electric A/C
Compressor
A/C
Inverter
DC – DC
Converter
SMR1, 2 and 3
Boost
Converter
MG1 MG2
Hybrid Transaxle
Inverter
Engine
Shift Position
Sensor
(Shift, Select)
Accelerator
Pedal Position
Sensor
EV Mode
Switch
Speed
Sensors
CAN
Engine
ECU
Skid Control
ECU
Battery
ECU
DLC3
HV
ECU
Click here to see
operation of
shift lever

21. Hybrid System Components
◦ System diagram
HV Battery Assembly
Inverter with Converter
Assembly
Auxiliary
Battery
Engine
Power
Management
Control ECU
(HV CPU)
Compressor with Motor
Assembly (with
Inverter)
Hybrid Transaxle
Generator
(MG1)
Motor
(MG2)
ECM
Inverter
DC/DC
Converter
Boost
Converter
: Power Cable
ID: HV_PT_P01_003_E0

22. Power Cable
◦ Power cable is high-voltage,
Power Cable
Mesh
Conductor
Cover
ID: HV_PT_P01_004_E0

23. HV Battery Assembly
Power Supply
◦ 2 batteries
HV Battery
(DC 201.6 V)
Auxiliary Battery
(DC 12 V)
for High-voltage System
(MGs, A/C Compressor, etc.)
for DC 12 V System
(ECUs, Headlights, etc.)
ID: HV_PT_P01_068_E0

24. HV Battery Assembly
Outline (for Nickel Metal Hydride Battery)
◦ Sealed nickel metal hydride (Ni-MH) battery
HV Battery Assembly
(DC 201.6 V)
ID: HV_PT_P01_069_E0

25. HV Battery Assembly
HV Battery (Battery Modules) (for Nickel Metal Hydride Battery)
◦ 6 cells x 28 modules = 168 cells x 1.2 V = DC 201.6 V
Battery Module
(6 cells = 7.2 V)
Cell
(1.2 V)
28 Battery
Modules
+
-
-
+
+
-
-
+
+
-
-
+
+
-
-
+
+
-
-
+
+
-
-
+
+
-
-
+
+
-
-
+
+
-
-
+
+
-
-
+
+
-
-
+
+
-
-
+
+
-
-
+
+
-
-
+
HV Junction
Block
Assembly
Service Plug Grip
28 Battery Modules
ID: HV_PT_P01_075_E0

26. 26
THS II (TOYOTA Hybrid System)
 Inverter Assembly
◦ Inverter
 DC  AC high voltage
◦ Variable-voltage System
 DC 200V stepped up to Max.
DC 500V
◦ DC-DC Converter
 DC 200V stepped down to DC
12V
◦ A/C Inverter
 DC  AC to drive the A/C
compressor

27. Inverter Assembly
 HV Components
HV Battery
Inverter Assembly
A/C Inverter
Variable-
voltage System
MG1
MG2
Inverter
DC - DC
Converter

28. 28
THS II (TOYOTA Hybrid System)
 Hybrid Transaxle
◦ Includes AC 500V motor, generator and power-
dividing mechanism
◦ Uses a continuously variable transmission
mechanism to achieve smooth and quiet
operations
MG1
MG2
Power-dividing
Mechanism

29. Hybrid
Transaxle
 MG1
◦ Main operations  Generator
◦ When engine starting  Starter
MG1
Stator Coil
Rotor
Speed Sensor

30. Hybrid Transaxle
 MG2
◦ When driving  Main power to engine power (Starting
off) or provides supplementary
◦ When braking  Converts kinetic energy to
electrical energy
MG2
Stator Coil Rotor
Speed Sensor

31. Unit Planetary gear
Unit Planetary gear Ring Gear Planetary Carrier
Sun Gear
Perangkat Pembagi
Power

32. 32
Maintenance
 Coolant
◦ The HV cooling system is independent of the engine
cooling system.
HV Cooling System
Coolant
(for Engine)
Coolant
(for Hybrid System)
Water Pump
HV Radiator
Reserve Tank
HV
Radiator

33. 33
High-voltage Circuit
 Precautions when Servicing
◦ While servicing the high-voltage system
 Be sure to insulate tools
Insulated Tool

34. 34
If an Accident Occurs
 Electrocution when the vehicle is submerged in
water
HV Battery
Inverter with Converter
Assembly
(High-voltage
Capacitor)
Short Circuit
Short Circuit
SMRs OFF
Cabin
You will not be electrocuted in
the cabin