2. GENERATION
OF 68
The Generation of '68 was the protagonist of student revolts. A
youth group calling for the liberation of women (when feminism
emerged), equality of blacks or dignity of gays. A generation that
changed culture and art. Music became an anthem, political
issues entered the theatre, and pop art changed the idea that
people had of art. Meanwhile, in politics, the Vietnam War, the
assassination of Martin Luther King or the popular uprisings
against Soviet tanks during what the "Prague Spring" marked the
thinking and acting of the Generation of 68.
3. THE CONTEXT OF 68 IN SPAIN
Spain still dominated by the fascist dictatorship of Francisco Franco, the
student movement became booming since 1968.
The Spanish University was the only institution that no longer disturbed
Franco. His young, rebellious and idealistic character crystallized mainly
in two key turns but the first, in 1956, wasn't a small skirmish in Madrid
and Barcelona. Three great movements in Spain, specifically accuse 68:
the student movement, the new labor movement and the feminist
movement.
4. DUETOTHE CONTEXT OFTHISTIME IN
SPAIN
For Spanish people, May 68 wasrelatively distant.
But Franco's regime made a partial use of facts reflecting them only their
appearance of anarchy,manner and form of the basic tenets of that brief
revolution, at least for those who learned about it through the Spanish
press, were ignored.
For day May 1, the Communist Party of Spain held a day of action.The
demonstrations were the most impact posed as cultural events in
solidarity with the workers' mobilizations, particularly Raimon concerts,
which made possible the convocation.
5. 68 AS SOCIAL AND GENERATION CHANGE
The 68 represented a later attack youth WWII that although they were receiving
educational training with a level much higher than that of their parents, they didn't found
place in a society they saw as bad, full of conventions and in need of change.
Overall, 68 is accused of the crisis of traditional values of contemporary society, that after
the passage of the pre-industrial society to industrial society or mass consumer society.
What began with a specific protest against a university reform ended with the occupation
of developing theatres and several mass demonstrations in the streets of the city.
6. OTHER PROTESTS OF 68
January: Close the School of Politics and Economics in Madrid, with sanction of
loss of tuition for all students. In late January the University Police Order (POU)
is created to occupy the campus.
March: police evicts the central building of the University of Santiago, where it
was being celebrated a student assembly. An intense mobilization of Galician
students.
December: student unions between sector union wants to keep the same model and
others, under the influence of the French May, started to promote other forms of
organization and struggles are divided.
7. GENERATIONAL
SUCCESSION
As in other parts of the world, also in Spain is usually indicated the
generational succession of 68 of young people who occupied
managerial positions and political responsibility during the Spanish
Transition by a generation of very different values : 'La movida
madrileña', that was a counterculture movement.
8. OTHER MAY 68
The May 68 has been replaced by successive representations; but also
how it's disruptive nature has survived in different ways to attempts to
annihilation to forms of amnesia and social manipulation that have tried
to cancel, sociologists who have explained and the former student
leaders who have appropriated the monopoly of memory.
9. MUSIC IN SPAIN
A view of what was happening in other countries, the Franco regime observed
closely the student riots.
The Songwriting became symbols because allowed boost students' ideas. In
Spain, the music was a vital middle of communication with hidden messages.
10. INTERPRETATION OF LEFTIST
GROUPS
Leftist groups wanted to create a new political party but the
obsession with creating the new party through all the policy
initiatives and stifles any attempt to respond with forms new and
imaginative transformations of capitalism, both economically,
with the destruction of the welfare state, and at the political
level, with the concentration of power in major political parties
and the reduction of the representative space policy, falling far
short of the radical, personal and collective transformation, 68
facts that had been raised.
11. THE EFFECTS OF 68 IN
SPAIN
It can be said that the effect of 68 in Spain meant a strong radicalization
of movements that were already underway, such as student and the
laor movement, or aided the creation of new ones, such as the
movement of feminists, but failed to link the fight against the
dictatorship with the objective of "socialist" or "anti-capitalist"
democracy.
Employers who throughout the decade 60's and early 70's, supported
the crackdown and even, on occasion, asked for more repression against
the leaders yet, shortly before the death of Franco, changed attitude
and prepared to lead an orderly, negotiated transition and monarchist.
That echoes 68 and the idea of "68 cultural revolution" was found lost
ground subscriber in contemporary Spain.
