Spanish Colonial text and PreColonial text

1. PHILIPPINE LITERATURE
DURING THE SPANISH PERIOD

2. • Spanish colonization of the Philippines started in 1565 during the time of Miguel
Lopez de Legazpi, the first Spanish governor-general in the Philippines. Literature
started to flourish during his time. The spurt continued unabated until the Cavite
Revolt in 1872.

3. SPANISH INFLUENCES ON THE
PHILIPPINE LITERATURE

4. • 1. ALIBATA
• 2. Christian Doctrine
• 3. Spanish language became the literary language this time
• 4. European legends and traditions
• 5. Ancient literature was collected and translated to Tagalog
• 6. Grammar books were printed in Filipino
• 7. Religious tone

5. ALIBATA

6. THE FIRST BOOKS

7. • 1.Ang Doctrina Cristiana (The Christian Doctrine)
• 2.Nuestra Senora del Rosario
• 3.Libro de los Cuatro Postprimeras de Hombre
• 4.Ang Barlaan at Josephat
• 5.The Pasion
• 6.Urbana at Felisa
• 7.Ang mga Dalit kay Maria (Psalms for Mary)

8. LITERARY COMPOSITIONS

9. • 1. Arte y Reglas de la Lengua Tagala (Art and Rules of the Tagalog language)
• 2. Compendio de la Lengua Tagala (Understanding the Tagalog language)
• 3. Vocabulario de la Lengua Tagala (Tagalog vocabulary)
• 4. Vocabulario de la Lengua Pampanga (Pampango vocabulary)
• 5. Vocabulario de la Lengua Bisaya (Bisayan vocabulary)
• 6. Arte de la Lengua Ilokana (The Art of the Ilocano language)
• 7. Arte de la Lengua Bicolana (The Art of the Bicol Language)

10. FOLK SONGS

11. • Example:
• • Leron-Leron Sinta (Tagalog)
• • Pamulinawen (Iloko)
• • Dandansoy (Bisaya)
• • Sarong Banggi (Bicol)
• • Atin Cu Pung Singsing (Kapampangan)

12. RECREATIONAL PLAYS

13. • There were many recreational plays performed by Filipinos during the Spanish times.
Almost all of them were in poetic form.

14. • CENAKULO Dramatic performance of the passion and death of Christ
• ZARZUELA The father of drama, a musical comedy or melodrama three acts which death with men’s passion and
emotions like love, hate, revenge, cruelty , avarice or some political problem.
• LAGAYLAY A special occasion for the pilareños of sorsogon during maytime to get together
• TIBAG Dramatic performance for the purpose of manifesting devotion for the holy cross.
• PANULUYAN Philippine Christmas dramatic ritual narrating the whole family’s search for a place to stay in
Bethlehem for Jesus Christ‘s birth through songs.

15. • SALUBONG Dramatizes the reunion of the risen Christ and his mother.
• CARILLO A form of dramatic entertainment perform on a moonless night during a town fiesta or on darknights after a harvest.
• SAINETE A short musical comedy popular during the 18th century. They were exaggerated comedy shown between acts plays
and were mostly performed by characters from the lower class.
• THE MORO-MORO Like the Cenaculo, the Moro-Moro is presented also on a special stage. This is performed during town
fiestas to entertain the people and to remind them of their Christian religion. Example: “Prinsipe Rodante”
• KARAGATAN This is a poetic vehicle of a socio- religious nature celebrated during the death of a person.
• DUPLO The Duplo replaced the Karagatan. This is a poetic joust in speaking and reasoning.

16. • THE BALAGTASAN This is a poetic joust or a contest of skills in debate on a particular topic or issue.
• THE DUNG-AW This is a chant in free verse by a bereaved person or his representative beside the corpse of the dead.
• AWIT is in dodecasyllabic verse, are fabricated stories from writers’ imagination although the setting and characters are
European, refers to chanting.
• Example: Florante at Laura by Francisco Balagtas
• CORRIDO is in octosyllabic verse, were usually on legends or stories from European countries like France, Spain, Italy and Greece,
refers to narration.
• Example: Ibong Adarna by Jose de la Cruz

17. •Pre-Colonial
Philippine Literature

18. • The literature of a formative past by the various groups of people who inhabited the
archipelago
• A literature of varying human interest
• Close to the religious and political organizations of the ancient Filipinos
• The verses were addressed to the ears rather than the eyes

19. • Verses composed and sung were regarded as group property
• Versification:
• Octosyllabic
• Legendary and religious poems
• Dodecasyllabic
• Romance

20. EXAMPLES OF ANCIENT FILIPINO POETRY
Dalawang Balon
Hindi Malingon
Sa araw ay Bunbong
Sa gabi ay dahon
Sang dalagangmarikit
Nakauposatinik
Kung bayaa’ynabubuhay
Kung himasi’ynamamatay

21. RIDDLE(BUGTONG)
• Made up of one or more measured lines with rhymes and may consist of 4 to 12 syllables
• Showcase the Filipino wit, literary talent, and keen observation of the surroundings
• Involves reference to one or two images that symbolize the characteristics of an unknown
object that is to be guessed

22. PURPOSE OF BUGTONG
• To entertain. Living in remote areas, before the advent of electricity, families would sit around the fire and the elders
would quiz the younger generation with riddles.
• To educate. Riddles serve the function of passing down knowledge from one generation to the next. They require
thinking in order to solve them.
• To titillate. Many old Filipino riddles contain double entenders that were intended to amuse the men and shock the
women.
• To curse, without expressly cursing. A riddle could be made up against an enemy, rival town, or suitor.
• To preserve the culture. Riddles communicate the old ways from one generation to the next

23. Example:
Ate mo, ate ko, Ate nglahatngtao.(My sister, your sister, everyone's sister) Atis (Sugar
Apple)

24. SALAWIKAIN & SAWIKAIN
• Epigrams/maxims/proverbs
• Short poems that have been customarily been used and served as laws or rules on good
behavior by our ancestors
• Allegories or parables that impart lessons for the young
• Often expressing a single idea, that is usually satirical and had a witty ending
• Maxims- rhyming couplets (5,6,8 syllables)

25. • Ex of salawikain
• Ang matapat na kaibigan, tunay na maaasahan. - - -You will know a true friend in time of
need.

26. • Ex of Sawikain
• Kumukulo ang dugo
"blood is boiling" = is very angry
• Isulat sa tubig
"write on water" = forget about it
• Ex of Maxims
• Paghindiukol, Hindi bubukol.
–means
What is not intended for one will not bear fruit.

27. BULONG (CHANTS)
• Used in witchcraft or enchantments
• Sa hinaba-habangprusisyon
Sa simbahan din palaangtuloy
Hele hele
Bago kyeme

28. • Halimbawa (for example):
Tabi, tabipo, Ingkong
Makikiraan polamang.

29. KASABIHAN (SAYINGS)
• Used in teasing or to comment on a persons’ acutations
• “Catitibay ca tolos
Sacaling datnang agos
Aco’ I momonting lomot
Sa iyo’ I popolopot”
• Nag-almusal mag-isa
Kaning lamig, tinapa;
Nahulog ang kutsara
Ikaw na sana, sinta

30. TANAGA
• A quatrain with seven syllables each with the same rhyme at the end of each line
• No title
• 7-7-7-7
• AABB
• Ex. “Tahakngtingin, tulak
Ng sulyap, yakap, lapat
Ng titig sa balikat.
hatak pa, kindat, hakat”

31. AMBAHAN
• traditional poetry of the Hanunoo Mangyans of Oriental Mindoro which is normally inscribed on bamboo
using a pre-Colonial syllabic writing system called the Surat Mangyan
• seven-syllable metric lines
• can be composed of more than four lines
• usually chanted
• teaches lessons about life
• recited by parents to educate their children, by the youth to express their love, by the old to impart
experiences, or by the community in tribal ceremonies

32. • on some occasions like burial rites, the ambahan is used for entertainment
Sugot nga maaw kunman
Tangdayan no ma-amban
Sabungan no manuywan
Impadlas yami daywan Hanggan
buhok timbangan Hanggan sa
balod pangdan Bugkat di way
yamungan Bilang dayi bunlagan
No kang tinaginduman Kang
magpahalimbaw-an Ga bugtong
ti bilugan

33. • (Isn't this the truth with all: If the wife is good and kind, the husband reasonable,
you have always friends around, like long hair drooping so nice. Till the final burial
mount, you'll be sleeping on one mat. You don't want to separate.Putting down my
thoughts like this:
An example very clear, being TWO, you're only ONE.)

34. MYTHS
• derived from Philippine folk literature, which is the traditional oral literature of the Filipino people.
This refers to a wide range of material due to the ethnic mix of the Philippines
• There are many different creation myths in Philippine mythology, originating from various ethnic
groups.
• Story of Bathala
• Visayan version
• The legend of Maria Makiling

35. • Presence of different deities
• Ex. Bathala
• Lakambakod
• Mythical creatures
• Aswang
• Dila
• Diwata
• Dwende
• Tikbalang
• Mankukulam

36. ANCIENT METRICAL TALES
• Ifugao – Hudhud hi Aliguyon
• Ilocos – Biagni Lam-ang
• Bicol - Ibalon
• Mindanao – Darangan
• Panay – Hinilawod
• Bagobo – Tuwaang
• Kalinga – Ulaliim
• Manobo – Agyu or Olahing
• Subanon - Sandayo

37. • Aliguyon
• the exploits of Aliguyon as he battles his arch-enemy, Pambukhayon
• Biagni Lam-Ang
• tells of the adventuresvof Lam-Ang who exhibits extraordinary powers at a very early
age.
• Ibalon
• the story of three Bicol heroes: Baltog, Handiong, Bantiong
• Hinilawod
• oldest and longest epic poem in Panay
• the exploits of three Sulodnon demigod brothers, LabawDonggon, Humadapnon and
Dumalapdap of ancient Panay
ANCIENT METRICAL TALES

38. IBALON FESTIVAL
DARANGAN FESTIVAL

39. FOLK SONGS
• a form of folk lyric which expresses the people’s hopes, aspirations, and lifestyles
• repetitive and sonorous, didactic and naïve
• traditional songs and melodies
• inspired by the reaction of the people to their environment

40. • uyayi – lullaby
• komintang – war song
• kundiman – melancholic love song
• harana – serenade
• tagay – drinking song
• mambayu – Kalinga rice-pounding song
• subli – dance-ritual song of courtship /marriage
• Tagulaylay- songs of the dead

41. •WAKAS

42. PREPARED BY:
• Jared James Cabahug
• Ezra Quijardo
• Jhonly Caang
• Nel Baterna
• Joseph Lawrence Edaño