To learn about this slides scouring & bio scouring.

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MD. JAMSHEDUL ISLAM
Studied at Port City International University

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3.  Scouring is the pretreatment process of wet processing
technology. Scouring is the first stage of pretreatment. Before
dyeing or printing of textile materials natural fibres must pass
scouring. Scouring process bears an impotency in wet
processing.
 Recently a new enzymatic scouring process known as “Bio-
Scouring” is used in textile wet processing with which all non-
cellulose structure, with lower component from native cotton
are completely on partially removed.
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4. Scouring is the process by which all natural and additive
impurities such as oil, wax, fat, hand dust etc. are removed to
produce hydrophilic and clean textile material. It is one of the
vital processes of wet processing.
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SCOURING

5.  To make the fabric highly hydrophilic.
 To remove impurities such as oils, waxes, gum, husks as
nearly as possible.
 To increase absorbency of fabric or textile materials without
physical and chemical damage.
 To produce a clean material by adding alkali.
 To make the fabric ready for next process.
 To remove non-cellulosic substance in case of cotton.
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Recipe
95-100°C

7. Detergent:
 Tirkey red oil,
 Lisapol –D,
 Lisapol –C,
 Lisapol –N.
Alkali:
 Sodiam Hydroxide (NaOH),
 Patasiam Hydroxide (KOH),
 Amoniam Hydroxide (NH4OH).
Acid:
 Hydrochloric Acid (HCL),
 Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4),
 Acetic Acid (CH3COOH).
Salt:
 Sodium Chloride ( NaCL),
 Sodium Bi Sulfate (NaHSO4)
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12. The type of cotton.
The color of cotton.
The cleanliness of cotton.
The twist and count of the yarn.
The construction of the fabric.
The shade % and type of shade of finished
product.
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13. Enzymatic Scouring or Bio-Scouring can simply be defined as the
application of living organisms and their components to remove the
natural and added impurities. Such as pectin and waxes to remove
selectively from the cotton fibre by which alkaline stable pectinase.
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Bio-Scouring

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16.  Less fiber strength
 Excessive weight loss
 Dye loss
 Energy and time concern
 Rinsing and neutralization
 Effluent concern
 Risk in chemical handling
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17. Recipe
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18. Process Curve
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Fig: Process Curve of Bio-scouring.

19. The following two stages mechanisms are involved in bio
scouring---
First Step
 Removal of wax (a major part being fatty acids, alcohols and esters) is the
critical factor for improved wet ability. Pectin functions as a ‘glue’ binding
wax to the fiber. Pectin removal does not by itself result in wax removal or
improved wet ability but it renders wax extractable or emulsifiable.
 Presence of Ca++ slows down the removal pectin and fatty acid, so a
sequestrate should, if compatible, be applied with the enzyme – otherwise
after the enzyme reaction.
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20. Second Step
 2/3 or more of the pectin must be dissolved in order to be able
to emulsify enough wax for a good wet ability for dyeing.
 Emulsification is strongly enhanced at temperatures above the
wax melting point, i.e. >70°C
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21. Important process parameters:
 pH and Temperature
 Wetteners
 Emulsifiers
 Pectinase enzyme
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22. Bio-scouring Alkaline-scouring
 Blend of Enzymes
Pectinase + Protease.
 Removes Pectin,
protein, Wax, Oil etc.
 Sodium Hydroxide
 Remove Pectin, Protein,
Wax, Oil, Cellulose
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25.  Save energy
 Save cost
 Water saving
 Temperature saving
 Time saving
 Smoother surface profile (Fully retain cellulose structure)
 Lesser weight loss
 Lesser costs of auxiliaries
 Mild application condition
 Environmental benefits
 Reduces effluent treatment process/ ETP cost
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26.  Inability of removing of cotton fiber waxes.
 Enzyme activity can, however, be reduced or even completely
destroyed (denatured) by high temperatures, extremes of pH
and high concentrations of electrolytes that destroy their three-
dimensional structures. Heavy metal ions and oxidizing and
reducing agents also deactivate the enzymes.
 The degree of whiteness is often less and the process is not
suitable for removing seed-coat fragments and mote
adequately.
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27.  Though the conventional scouring process is extremely using
now-a-days, it has great bad effect on environment.
 Many of the developed countries are avoiding the convention-
al scouring process replacing enzymatic, ecofriendly, scouring
processes.
 Bio-scouring is an eco-friendly scouring process it has great
future.
 The new enzymatic procedure is corresponding with a
significant role in minimizing the demand of energy, water,
chemicals, time and costs.
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