INTRODUCTION LiFi , also known as "Light Fidelity" is a wireless optical networking technology, which uses lightemitting diodes (LEDs) to transmit data. In 2011, professor Haas made a LiFi Harald demonstration at the TED (Technology, Entertainment, Design) Global Talk on Visible Light Communication (VLC). LiFi (also known as light fidelity) is a technology for the wireless transmission of data between devices LiFi uses light as a medium for transmission of data. LED are the source used for encoding data by switching the light on and off during regular intervals to create a binary code.

1. MINI PROJECT
SIMPLE LI-FI CIRCUIT
[Audio Transmission Through Light]
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
FEROZE GANDHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
RAEBARELI , UTTAR PRADESH
AFFILIATED TO
DR. A P J ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY ,LUCKNOW

2. SUBMITTED TO
SUBMITTED BY
S.NO NAME ROLL NO
1 JAYANENDRA GUPTA LATERAL ENTRY
2 RANJAN PANDEY LATERAL ENTRY
3 UTKARSH KUMAR MATHUR 1901870310088
4 UMAKANT BIND 1901870310087
5 UDAY RAJ VERMA 1901870310085
6 MOHD HASIM 1818731071
GROUP MEMBERS

3. We have tried to demonstrate the latest
technology for data transmission Li-Fi.
Through this project we have tried to
explain how we can transmit data with
the help of visible lights and without
using the harmful radio signals. In this
project we have played music in our mp3
player and send the data of the music by
light with the help of LEDs and at the
receiver part a solar panel is fixed which
receives the transmitted data and plays
the music by sending the data to the
speaker by converting the digital signal
into electrical signal (analog signal) an
successfully the speaker plays the song.
ABSTRACT

4. CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
 COMPONENTS USED IN CIRCUIT
 COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION
 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
 WORKING
 ADVANTAGES OF CIRCUIT
 LIMITATION OF CIRCUIT
 APPLICATION OF CIRCUIT
 PHOTO OF PROJECT

5. INTRODUCTION
Li-Fi (also known as light fidelity) is a
technology for the wireless transmission
of data between devices Li-Fi uses light
as a medium for transmission of data.
LED are the source used for encoding
data by switching the light on and off
during regular intervals to create a
binary code.
Li-Fi, also known as "Light Fidelity" is a
wireless optical networking technology,
which uses light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to
transmit data. In 2011, professor Harald
Haas made a Li-Fi demonstration at the
TED (Technology, Entertainment, Design)
Global Talk on Visible Light
Communication (VLC).

6. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The full form of Li-Fi is Light Fidelity. Li-Fi
basically is a Wireless Communication
Technology which uses Visible Light for
Data transmission. Li-Fi is designed to
use LED Light Bulbs similar to those
present in our homes and offices.
However, there is a slight difference in
these Li-Fi LED Light Bulbs and Normal
LED Light Bulbs . These Li-Fi LED Light
Bulbs transmit Data through the Light
given off by them and these Light Signals
are received by Photoreceptors. So in
terms of Technology, a Photoreceptor is a
Sensor that detects Light by capturing
Photons (Photons are Light Particles).

7. COMPONENTS USED IN CIRCUIT
 9V BATTERY
 3.5MM AUX CABLE
 RESISTOR
 MINI SPEAKER
 LED
 SOLAR PANEL

8. COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION
1. 9V BATTERY
•Constant 9V Output till lasts
•Metal Jacket Body
•Good Built Quality and hence Leakproof.
•Easy to install and Replace
•Corrosion free Connector Point for long-term use
•0% Mercury and Cadmium. Environment-friendly
•OEM Compatible.
This is General purpose 9V Original HW marked Non-
Rechargeable Battery for all your project and
application needs.
2. 3.5MM AUX CABLE
•3.5mm stereo audio cable transmits audio in
stereo format
•Connects smartphone, MP3 player, or tablet to
car stereo or portable speakers
•Works with any device equipped with standard
3.5mm audio jack or AUX-in port.
3. RESISTOR
•100 ohm Carbon Film Resistors are
typical axial-lead resistors, which
have much better temperature
stability and provide lower noise

9. 6. SOLAR PANEL
4. MINI SPEAKER
It converts electrical signal into
sound signal.
5. LED
•light emitting diode (a device that
produces a light on electrical and
electronic equipment)
•In the simplest terms, a light-emitting
diode (LED) is a semiconductor device
that emits light when an electric current
is passed through it.
•Solar panels generate direct
current (dc) power.
•It convert solar energy into
electrical energy.

10. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
BLOCK DIAGRAM :
TRANSMITTER RECEIVER
DATA TRANSMISSION THROUGH LI-FI
I/P DATA O/P DATA
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM :

11. The working of the project is quite simple. The
project consists of two module –
i) Transmitter Module
ii) Receiver Module
At the transmitter module LEDs, 3.5mm audio
plug are connected with a DC power source.
(9V battery in our project). We connect our
mp3 player or a smartphone with the 3.5mm
audio plug and play some kind of music. Now
the music gets converted into digital data which
is been transmitted through the LED by blinking
at very high speed which not detectable
through human eyes. Now, the transmitted
signal is received by the receiver module. At the
transmitter module a solar panel is connected
with a speaker. The light signals falls on the
solar panel and the solar panel converts the
digital data into analog data (electrical form)
and sends to the speaker, and the speaker plays
the music.
WORKING OF THE PROJECT

12. Light Fidelity (Li-Fi) technology is a wireless
communication system based on the use of visible light
between the violet (800 THz) and red (400 THz). Unlike Wi-
Fi which uses the radio part of the electromagnetic
spectrum, Li-Fi uses the optical spectrum i.e. Visible light
part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The principle of Li-
Fi is based on sending data by amplitude modulation of
the light source in a well-defined and standardized way.
LEDs can be switched on and off faster than the human
eyes can detect since the operating speed of LEDs is less
than 1 microsecond. This invisible on-off activity enables
data transmission using binary codes. If the LED is on, a
digital ‘1’ is transmitted and if the LED is off, a digital ‘0’ is
transmitted. Also these LEDs can be switched on and off
very quickly which gives us a very nice opportunity for
transmitting data through LED lights, because there are no
interfering light frequencies like that of the radio
frequencies in Wi-Fi. Li-Fi is thought to be 80% more
efficient, which means it can reach speeds of up to 1Gbps
and even beyond. Li-Fi differs from fibre optic because the
Li-Fi protocol layers are suitable for wireless
communication over short distances (up to 10 meters).
This puts Li-Fi in a unique position of extremely fast
wireless communication over short distance.
WORKING OF LI-FI CIRCUIT
Basic Concept :

13. The working of Li-Fi is very simple. There is a light emitter
on one end i.e. an LED transmitter, and a photo detector
(solar panel) on the other. The data input to the LED
transmitter is encoded in to the light (technically referred to
as Visible Light Communication) by varying the flickering
rate at which the LEDs flicker ‘on’ and ‘off’ to generate
different strings of 1s and 0s. The on-off activity of the LED
transmitter which seems to be invisible (The LED intensity is
modulated so rapidly that human eye cannot notice, so the
light of the LED appears constant to humans), enables data
transmission in light form in accordance with the incoming
binary codes: switching ON a LED is a logical '1', switching it
OFF is a logical '0'. By varying the rate at which the LEDs
flicker on and off, information can be encoded in the light to
different combinations of 1s and 0s. In a typical setup, the
transmitter (LED) is connected to the data (3.5mm audio
plug) and the receiver (solar panel) on the receiving end
receives the data as light signal and decodes the
information, which is then displayed on the device
connected to the receiver. The receiver (photo detector)
registers a binary ‘1’ when the transmitter (LED) is ON and a
binary ‘0’ when the transmitter (LED) is OFF. Thus flashing
the LED numerous times or using an array of LEDs (perhaps
of a few different colours) will eventually provide data rates
in the range of hundreds of Mbps.
How it Works

14. ADVANTAGES OF CIRCUIT
High speed: Li-Fi technology is much faster as compared
to Wi-Fi technology. It has the capability to transmit data
up to 100 Mbps or 1 Gbps. This means you can download a
high-definition video in seconds.
Higher capacity: Li-Fi can help in keeping up with the
demand if wireless data networking. After all the increase
in radio frequency spectrum occupancy has limited the
capacity of data transmission. This is why Li-Fi could lead to
new opportunities and a higher capacity of data
transmission as compared to Wi-Fi. The visible spectrum
used in the transmission of data is much greater than the
radio waves spectrum, therefore, it has a greater capacity.
Better security: radio waves are penetrable and can be
intercepted by unwanted people. On the other hand, Li-Fi
is much more secure as the signals are confined to the
same room and cannot be intercepted easily.
More efficient: Since the Li-Fi systems use LED lights
which are already installed in majors of our homes and
commercial areas, therefore, is an efficient use of energy
as compared to Wi-Fi.
Free from Interference: Wi-Fi networking faces
problems of neighbouring network interference or radio
interference whereas Li-Fi is free from all types of
interferences that could affect Wi-Fi system and are
therefore more efficient for use.

15. : Some of the major limitations of Li-Fi
are
Internet cannot be accessed without a
light source. This could limit the locations
and situations in which Li-Fi could be
used.
It requires a near or perfect line-of-sight
to transmit data.
Opaque obstacles on pathways can
affect data transmission.
Natural light, sunlight, and normal
electric light can affect the data
transmission speed.
Light waves don’t penetrate through
walls and so Li-Fi has a much shorter
range than Wi-Fi.
LIMITATIONS OF LI-FI

16. APPLICATION OF CIRCUIT
There are numerous applications of Li-Fi in
use today and are increasing day by day.
Here we will discuss a few of these
applications.
1: Use in Military:
Li-Fi is perfect for use in military bases. This is
because of the confinement of the data transmitted
to a small area which cannot be penetrated by
outside sources.
2: Use in Traffic Lights:
Li-Fi can be used in traffic lights to update
drivers on weather conditions and traffic
information so they can have a smooth journey on
the road. Especially useful for sending critical
information.
3: Use in Underwater Communication:
Wi-Fi, as we know, uses radio waves which are
not suitable for use underwater. Li-Fi can, however,
be used for underwater communication as light cab
penetrate water easily. This will help to make
underwater communication much easier.

17. 4: Use in AR:
AR is being used at a greater rate than
before. They are used in institutions for better
customer service. The Use of Wi-Fi in such
cases is problematic as it can lag with more
customers connected to it. On the other hand,
Li-Fi is much faster and can lead to
uninterrupted AR transmission. Another
advantage is that the light used is already
illuminating the institution. Once again, an
efficient use of energy.
5: Use in Urban Areas:
Urban areas are already using large
quantities of LED bulbs and light sources. The
Use if Li-Fi here is therefore very useful. This
will not only connect more users in urban
areas but will provide fast data to its
customers.
6. Li-Fi in the Workplace:
Li-Fi will not offer illumination but secure
wireless connectivity in workspaces.

18. 7. Li-Fi in Hospitals:
Because of the non-interference of Li-Fi with
radiofrequency devices, Li-Fi can be safely used in many
hospital applications.
8. Li-Fi and Live Streaming:
According to a Go-Globe report, 82% of consumers
prefer to watch live videos from a brand than posts, 80% of
brand audience prefer to watch live video from a brand than
read a blog and live videos are watched three times longer
than videos that are not live anymore.
Li-Fi live streaming can also be beneficial for the following
type of events:
-Conferences
-Seminars
-Meetings
-Trade shows
-Business dinners
-Press conferences
-Networking events
9. Li-Fi in Schools:
The right wireless network is a crucial component to
provide new learning experiences by connecting students and
teachers to smart technology, enabling learning applications
on any mobile device.
10. Li-Fi in Disaster Management:
Disaster management: Li-Fi can be used as a powerful
means of communication in times of disaster such as
earthquake or hurricanes.

19. CONCLUSION
Although there’s still a long way to go to make this
technology a commercial success, it promises a
great potential in the field of wireless data
transmitting & internet. A significant number of
researchers and companies are currently working
on this concept, which promises to solve the
problem of lack of radio spectrum, space and low
internet connection speed. By deployment of this
technology, we can migrate to greener, cleaner,
safer communication networks. The very concept
of Li-Fi promises to solve issues such as, shortage
of radiofrequency bandwidth and eliminates the
disadvantages of Radio communication
technologies. Li-Fi is the upcoming and growing
technology acting as catalyst for various other
developing and new inventions/technologies.
Therefore, there is certainty of development of
future applications of the Li-Fi which can be
extended to different platforms and various walks
of human life.

20. PROJECT PHOTO