Linux is an open-source operating system originally developed for personal computers using Intel x86 processors. It has since been ported to many other hardware platforms and is now widely used on servers, supercomputers, embedded systems, mobile devices, and more. Linux development is a prominent example of collaborative open-source software development, with its source code freely available under licenses like GPL. Popular Linux distributions for desktop and server use include Debian, Linux Mint, Fedora, openSUSE, Arch Linux, and commercial versions from Red Hat and SUSE.

1. Linux
WHAT IS IT, AND WHY DOES IT EXIST?

2. Origin
 Linux is a UNIX-like computer operating system
assembled under the model of free and open-source
software development and distribution.
 The defining component of Linux is the Linux kernel, an
operating system kernel first released on 5th October
1991. by Linus Torvalds.

3.  Linux was originally developed as a free operating system for Intel
x86-based personal computers. It has since been ported to more
computer hardware platforms than any other operating system.
 It is a leading operating system on servers and other systems such as
mainframe computers and supercomputers.
< The supercomputers in NASA

4. Linux today
 As of November 2014, 97% of the world's 500 fastest supercomputers
run some variant of Linux, including the top 80. Linux also runs on
embedded systems, which are devices whose operating system is
typically built into the firmware and is highly tailored to the system;
this includes mobile phones, tablet computers, network routers,
facility automation controls, televisions and video game consoles.
 Android, the most widely used operating system for tablets and
smartphones, is built on top of the Linux kernel.

5.  The development of Linux is one of the most prominent examples of
free and open-source software collaboration. The underlying source
code may be used, modified, and distributed — commercially or
non-commercially — by anyone under licenses such as the GNU
General Public License. Typically, Linux is packaged in a form known
as Linux distribution, for both desktop and server use.
 Some popular mainstream Linux distributions include Debian, Linux
Mint, Fedora, openSUSE, Arch Linux, and the commercial Red Hat
Enterprise Linux and SUSE Linux Enterprise Server.

6.  A distribution oriented toward desktop use will typically include X11
as the windowing system, and an accompanying desktop
environment such as GNOME or the KDE Software Compilation.
Some such distributions may include a less resource intensive
desktop such as LXDE or Xfce, for use on older or less powerful
computers.

7.  A distribution intended to run as a server may omit all graphical
environments from the standard install, and instead include other
software to set up and operate a solution stack such as LAMP.
Because Linux is freely redistributable, anyone may create a
distribution for any intended use.