Definition, importance of drying, terminology, theory & fundamental concepts, periods of drying, constant rate period, falling rate period, critical moisture content. equilibrium moisture content, classification : direct, indirect, radiation, dielectric, batch and continuous, dryers, types of beds: static, moving, fluidized, pneumatic bed systems, different drying equipments(construction, operation, merits, demerits): tray dryer, through-circulation dryer, pneumatic conveying dryer, rotary dryer, spray dryer, tunnel dryer, steam tube rotary dryer, agitated pan dryer, vacuum rotary dryer and freeze dryer, selection of drying equipment, preliminary dryer selection, drying tests, final selection.