Dry eye is a condition where a person lacks sufficient tears to lubricate and nourish the eye. It can be caused by decreased tear production due to aging, medications, surgery, or medical conditions. Increased tear evaporation may also cause dry eye due to factors like wind, smoke, less blinking, or eyelid problems. Risk factors include being over 50, female, having a diet low in vitamin A, wearing contact lenses, or long-term computer use. Symptoms include eye dryness, irritation, pain, blurred vision, and fatigue. Treatment focuses on replacing tears through eye drops, plugging tear ducts, or using tear-stimulating medications. Lifestyle changes like blinking more, using humidifiers, and omega

1. I N D R A J I T B I S W A S
DRY EYE

2. Dry eye is a condition in which a person doesn't have enough quality tears to lubricate and
nourish the eye.

3. CAUSES
Decreased tear production
I. Age :- aging process
II. Gender :- Women are more common. Develop dry eyes due to hormonal changes
caused by pregnancy, the use of oral contraceptives and menopause.
III. Medications :- Certain medicines, including antihistamines, decongestants, blood
pressure medications and antidepressants, can reduce tear production, hormone
replacement therapy, acne, birth control and Parkinson's disease
IV. Surgery :- Laser, refractive eye surgery such as LASIK,
V. Medical conditions :- rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes and thyroid
problems, inflammation of the eyelids, Sjogren's syndrome, vitamin A deficiency.
Increased tear evaporation
I. Wind, smoke or dry air
II. Blinking less often, which tends to occur when you're concentrating, for example,
while reading, driving or working at a computer
III. Eyelid problems, such as out-turning of the lids (ectropion) and in-turning of the lids
(entropion)

4. RISK FACTORS
1. Being older than 50
2. Being a woman
3. Eating a diet that is low in vitamin A
4. Wearing contact lenses
5. Using long time computer
6. Diabetes

5. COMPLICATION
1. Eye infections
2. Damage to the surface of your eyes
3. Decreased quality of life
4. Wearing contact lenses

6. SIGN & SYMPTOMS
a) a stinging or burning sensation
b) feeling like foreign in the eye
c) Redness
d) Sensitivity to light
e) sensitivity to smoke or wind
f) difficulty keeping the eyes open
g) Tearing
h) feeling of dryness
i) Grittiness
j) Soreness
k) eye fatigue after reading, even for a short time
l) discomfort when wearing contact lenses
m) blurred vision

7. INVESTIGATION
1. Tear film break up time { TBUT}
2. Schirmer’s test { <10mm wet in 5 min = deficiency }
3. Rose bengal staining

8. MEDICATION OTHERS
a. making the most of natural tears–
b. using artificial tears or eye drops
c. reducing tear drainage
d. Surgery
e. Others medication for dry eye-
1. Drugs to reduce eyelid inflammation
2. Eyedrops to control cornea
inflammation
3. Tear-stimulating drugs {pilocarpine,
cevimeline}
 Closing your tear ducts to reduce tear loss
 Using special contact lenses
 Unblocking oil glands
 Using light therapy and eyelid massage
TREATMENT

9. LIFE STYLE
 Apply a warm washcloth to your eyes
 Use a mild soap on your eyelids
 Fatty acids. Adding omega-3 fatty acids to your diet–
 BLINK REGULARLY
 INCREASE HUMIDITY IN THE AIR AROUND YOURS
 WEAR SUNGLASS
 SUPPLIMENTS- OMEGA-3 AND VITAMIN A
 DRINK WATER PROPERLY
 WASH YOUR EYES WITH COLD WATER 4-5 TIMES DAILY

10. R A I N
H E A L T H C A R E
THANK YOU